基于图像去噪的混合噪声滤波算法

传统的中值滤波和均值滤波通常被分别用来滤除椒盐噪声和高斯噪声.但是当图像同时存在高斯噪声和椒盐噪声时,单独使用哪种滤波方法都不会达到最好的去噪效果.为了能同时滤除两种不同性质的噪声,提出了一种新的自适应混合噪声滤波算法.该算法采用了一种基于自适应阈值的方法对滤波系数加以优化,使其既可以有效地减少噪声,又可以较好的保持图像的边缘细节信息,仿真结果表明该算法能较好的滤除混合噪声,且滤波效果优于传统的滤波算法.     

图像去椒盐噪声滤波器的研究

在图像平滑过程中,如何滤除噪声同时保护图像的细节是一个研究热点.本文提出并设计一种将十字窗和叉形窗有机结合的多窗口自适应中值滤波器(MWMF滤波器),可根据窗口内图像自身的形状,自适应地选择十字窗和叉形窗.在比较多窗口自适应中值滤波和形态滤波这两种滤波器的优缺点之后,还提出并设计了非线性组合滤波器.实验表明该滤波器滤除椒盐噪声的效果优于单独使用中值滤波或形态学滤噪,在椒盐噪声概率超过0.2时优势尤为明显.     

基于粒子群优化的多小波图像降噪

提出一种基于粒子群优化的多小波图像降噪方法.该方法首先根据图像降噪的特点,采用粒子群算法优化CL多小波的前置滤波器,实现了图像多小波变换的自适应预滤波;接着对一幅含噪声图像进行多小波分解,根据多小波分解后的能量分布特性,对小波系数进行阈值处理;后经多小波反变换,得到重构图像.实验表明,本文方法的客观性能(PSNR)和主...     

神经网络识别图像椒盐噪声的自适应滤波方法

为了使椒盐噪声不影响图像的后续处理,提出一种基于BP神经网络噪声检测的自适应开关滤波器来检测和滤除图像椒盐噪声.该方法利用像素值及其邻域特性作为像素点的描述即神经网络的输入,通过神经网络自动检测图像的噪声位置,据此保持非噪声点不变,对噪声点进行自适应窗口大小的均值滤波处理,且仅窗口内非噪声点参与均值运算.实验结果表明,...     

基于自适应均值的图像滤波算法

目的为了提高激光三维成像系统中的图像质量,有效滤除图像中噪声,提出一种自适应均值漂移的图像滤波算法。方法在传统算法基础上对均值漂移滤波算法进行改进,选取领域内像素的均方差为控制参量对带宽矩阵h大小进行自适应调控。根据宽带矩阵h的大小,选择合适的像元值参与到计算均值过程中,以提高结果的计算精度。结果实验结果表明改进后的算法能够有效滤除图像中的噪声,提高图像清晰度。结论该算法具有良好的保边去噪特性。     

一种改进型自适应加权模糊均值滤波算法

针对原有的自适应加权模糊均值AWFM滤波器对局部噪声幅度估计不足的缺点。提出了一种新的改进型自适应加权模糊均值MAWFM滤波算法。该算法采用了一种新的模糊检测方法，可以同时检测各个像素点的正负向噪声幅度，从而能够建立一种新的自适应的模糊信号空间，以适应噪声在各个图像局部的变化。实验结果表明，MAWFM滤波器比以前的AWFM滤波器及传统的中值滤波器均有较优越的性能。     

基于梯度的自适应椒盐噪声滤波算法

针对传统中值滤波方法不能有效保持图像细节信息和对图像适应能力差的问题,提出一种改进的椒盐噪声滤除算法。算法基于先检测、后滤波的思想,根据图像的极小梯度矩阵自适应计算噪声阈值,提高了噪声检测的准确性;为了更好地保持图像细节,对检测出的噪声像素进行多窗口中值滤波。多组去噪实验表明：所提算法对污染程度不同的图像具有良好的适应性,在滤除噪声的同时还可以有效还原图像边缘等细节信息。     

基于遗传算法的自适应噪声抵消

当有参考噪声信号时，自适应噪声抵消的实质就是求参考噪声输入通路的逆滤波器，LMS自适应滤波问题就是一个多变量函数的极值问题。LMS算法因其具有算法简单，容易实现的优点而为常用，但是算法的收敛特性和失调量受到步长参数μ的影响。而步长参数μ和最优值不易确定。遗传算法是一种应用于大规模搜索空间的有效方法，它不要求函数的解析表达式，只根据已知的测量数据便可以求得全局极值。本文以FIR滤波器为例。采用改进的实值编码遗传算法，将遗传算法用于逆滤波器的求解。计算机仿真结果表明该算法对噪声抵消取得了较满意的效果。     

基于阈值判断的自适应中值滤波算法

针对标准的中值滤波算法在去除噪声与保留图像细节方面难以取舍的缺陷,在自适应中值滤波算法的基础上提出了一种改进的基于噪声点检测的自适应中值滤波算法.该算法在进行噪声点检测时采用了一种阈值判断法,充分利用了当前像素点与邻域像素点的灰度值之间的关系.结果表明,在噪声浓度较高时仍然可以区分噪声点与边缘点,滤波的同时有效地保护了图像的细节.     

噪声概率快速估计的自适应椒盐噪声消除算法

提出一种可识别噪声概率自动调节滤波窗口的自适应椒盐噪声消除算法。对非理想椒盐噪声污染图像随机区域进行变窗口中值滤波,将结果与滤波前比对获得噪声点数,滤波区域即按此点数排序。然后取每种滤波窗口下的中间三组数据,该数据平均加权获取图像噪声概率初估计,对初估计平均加权即得图像噪声概率。滤波前首先采用阈值法排除明显噪声点,剩余像素中再以离窗口中心像素距离平方的倒数为权值估计中心像素。最后由噪声概率按照T-S模糊规则对不同模型的输出估计值进行融合。实验证明,与传统中值滤波等算法相比,该算法具有噪声自动估计和自适应窗口调节能力,滤波后标准均方差可减少20%以上,速度可提高一倍多。     

Hybrid order statistic filter and its application to image restoration

We introduce a new nonlinear filter for signal and image restoration, the hybrid order statistic (HOS) filter. Because it exploits both rank- and spatial-order information, the HOS realizes the advantages of nonlinear filters in edge preservation and reduction of impulsive noise components while retaining the ability of the linear filter to suppress Gaussian noise. We show that the HOS filter exhibits improved performance over both the linear Wiener and the nonlinear L filters in reducing mean-squared error in the presence of contaminated Gaussian noise. In many cases it also performs favorably compared with the Ll and rank-conditioned rank selection filters.     

基于Gabor滤波器的指纹图像增强

通过对传统指纹图像增强算法的研究,提出一种基于Gabor滤波的指纹图像增强算法。根据指纹纹线间距均匀且局部平行的特点,建立了用于指纹图像增强的Gabor滤波函数的物理模型,并利用二维Gabor滤波器可分解为正交方向的一维高斯带通滤波器和一维高斯低通滤波器的特点,将二维滤波分解为两次一维滤波,从而解决了计算量过大的问题,降低了算法的复杂度。实验表明该算法具有良好的增强指纹图像的脊线和抑制噪声的作用。     

Color image denoising using evolutionary computation

Noise suppression in multichannel data sets, such as color images, has drawn much attention in the last few years. An issue of paramount importance in designing color image filters is the determination of the coefficients that should be used to weight the inputs to the filter. In this study, we propose an evolutionary computation‐based approach to select and optimize the coefficients in the class of weighted vector directional filters. Using a genetic algorithm, we were able to adapt the filter weights to match varying image and noise characteristics. Extended experimentation with realistic image processing applications, including television image enhancement and virtual restoration of artworks, indicates that the proposed filters are capable of removing noise while preserving chromaticity information, edges, and fine details, as well as structural image content. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 15, 236–251, 2005     

Performance evaluation of 67 denoising filters in ultrasound images: A systematic comparison analysis

Noise corrupts ultrasound images and degrades spatial and contrast resolutions. Hence, it is challenging to characterize the lesions precisely using ultrasound images. The present study aims to evaluate 67 denoising filters and select the best one for ultrasound image denoising. Seven test images were synthesized to evaluate the performance of filters at three different noise levels. Eleven full-reference quantitative image quality metrics (IQMs) were employed to evaluate the performance of the filters. A new filter evaluation method, Rank Analysis, was introduced and utilized at each noise level. The ten best filters with the smallest mean rank in all noise levels were defined for further analysis on real ultrasound images. The Rank Analysis was also employed for real ultrasound images, and filters were evaluated based on 14 IQMs (11 full-reference and three no-reference). Finally, the best filter was defined using the repeated measures analysis statistical test. According to the Rank Analysis results, the Spatial correlation (SCorr) filter obtained the best results with the mean rank scores±SD of 1 ± 0, which was significantly better than the other nine filters (p < 0.001). The second-best results were achieved by three filters, Bitonic, most homogeneous neighborhood, and Lee diffusion (p < 0.05). We concluded that SCorr is the best filter for ultrasound image denoising. It can be used in the pre-processing step before segmentation and diagnostic procedures. In addition, a new filter evaluation method, Rank Analysis, was introduced in this study, which is easy to use, fast, and provides reliable results. So, it can be used to evaluate newly developed filters in the future studies.     

自然环境下路面裂缝的识别

论文提出了一种基于分数阶微分和图像形态学的路面裂缝检测算法。分数阶微分能有效增强信号中、高频部分,非线性保留信号的低频部分,通过构建分数阶微分掩模算子,增强裂缝信息特别是平滑区域中弱信号信息。利用图像形态学算子提取裂缝,通过组合中值滤波去除孤立噪声点。实验结果表明,该算法比传统算法能更有效地检测出细小裂缝信息,是一种具有较强鲁棒性且高效实用算法。     

闪光CCD图像的中值-非线性扩散滤波

根据闪光CCD图像的特点,提出了一种中值-非线性扩散滤波(Median-NonlinearDiffusionFiltering,简称MNDF)方法。该方法采用中值预滤波来估计图像的真实边缘,通过求解偏微分方程(PartialDifferentialEquation,简称PDE)来进行非线性扩散滤波,充分发挥了中值滤波和非线性扩散滤波的优势,能更好地消除噪声、保护边缘。实验结果表明,在高斯噪声和脉冲噪声同时存在的情况下,MNDF方法取得的滤波效果较P-M方案和Catte方案要好,信噪比改善因子提高3~5倍,均方误差减小1.3~2.7倍。对闪光照相CCD图像取得了很好的消噪声结果,保护了边缘信息。     

A Novel Universal Steganalysis Algorithm Based on the IQM and the SRM

The state-of-the-art universal steganalysis method, spatial rich model (SRM), and the steganalysis method using image quality metrics (IQM) are both based on image residuals, while they use 34671 and 10 features respectively. This paper proposes a novel steganalysis scheme that combines their advantages in two ways. First, filters used in the IQM are designed according to the models of the SRM owning to their strong abilities for detecting the content adaptive steganographic methods. In addition, a total variant (TV) filter is also used due to its good performance of preserving image edge properties during filtering. Second, due to each type of these filters having own advantages, the multiple filters are used simultaneously and the features extracted from their outputs are combined together. The whole steganalysis procedure is removing steganographic noise using those filters, then measuring the distances between images and their filtered version with the image quality metrics, and last feeding these metrics as features to build a steganalyzer using either an ensemble classifier or a support vector machine. The scheme can work in two modes, the single filter mode using 9 features, and the multi-filter mode using 639 features. We compared the performance of the proposed method, the SRM and the maxSRMd2. The maxSRMd2 is the improved version of the SRM. The simulated results show that the proposed method that worked in the multi-filter mode was about 10% more accurate than the SRM and maxSRMd2 when the data were globally normalized, and had similar performance with the SRM and maxSRMd2 when the data were locally normalized.     

Elimination of zero-order diffraction and conjugate image in off-axis digital holography

The presence of zero-order diffraction and a conjugate image in digital holography essentially diminishes the quality of the reconstructed image. In this paper, a novel method that adopts numerical operation to eliminate the zero-order diffraction and conjugate image is presented. The whole process needs only one hologram and a complex finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter. The method of numerical elimination is simple; it filters the hologram directly in the spatial domain instead of in the frequency domain. The design of a complex finite impulse response filter is described in detail. The experimental results demonstrate that the operation can completely eliminate the zero-order diffraction and conjugate image and significantly enhance the quality of the reconstructed image.     

基于Gabor小波变换的汉字识别方法

基于Gabor滤波器时频局域性和方向选择性对应在汉字图像上即是对笔划宽度和方向的选择这一认识,考虑到笔划宽度多峰值、笔划是方向的特点,利用二维Gabor小波的多分辨率特性,对汉字图像进行了多尺度多方向分析,提取多个子平面的滤波器输出系数作为统计特征,实现了字符图像的高性能识别,为开展低质量、低分辨率的汉字字符图像识别研究提供了新方法。实验结果表明,用这种方法识别低分辨率的字符图像,效果优于其他方法。     

Log-polar transform-based wavelet-modified maximum average correlation height filter for distortion invariance in a hybrid digital-optical correlator

We discuss and implement a log-polar transform-based distortion-invariant filter for automatic target recognition applications. The log-polar transform is a known space-invariant image representation used in several image vision systems to eliminate the effects of scale and rotation in an image. For in-plane rotation invariance and scale invariance, a log-polar transform-based filter was synthesized. In cases of in-plane rotation invariance, peaks shift horizontally, and in cases of scale invariance, peaks shift vertically. To achieve out-of-plane rotation invariance, log-polar images were used to train the wavelet-modified maximum average correlation height (WaveMACH) filter. The designed filters were implemented in the hybrid digital-optical correlation scheme. It was observed that, for a certain range of rotation and scale differences, the correlation signals merge with the strong dc. To solve this problem a shift was introduced in the log-polar image of the target. The use of a chirp function for dc removal has also been discussed. Correlation peak height and peak-to-sidelobe ratio have been calculated as metrics of goodness of the log-polar transform-based WaveMACH filter. Experimental results are presented.