AZ31镁合金激光焊件的力学性能和应力腐蚀行为

采用Nd-YAG激光对AZ31 HP镁合金进行激光自熔焊接。显微组织分析表明,使用或不使用填料（焊料）AZ61镁合金得到的激光焊接接头的平均晶粒尺寸大约为12μm,显微硬度和拉伸强度与母材相近。然而,慢应变速率拉伸表明,在ASTM D1384溶液中两种焊接接头的抗应力腐蚀性能比母材略差。可观察到应力腐蚀裂纹在焊缝金属萌生并向热影响区（HAZ）扩展。然而,在以AZ61镁合金为填料（焊料）获得的焊接接头中,观察到裂纹起源及扩展出现在热影响区（HAZ）。在慢应变速率拉伸试验中,由于试样表面暴露在腐蚀环境中,在氢氧化镁/氧化镁层形成局部损伤,从而导致应力腐蚀裂纹的生成。     

紧固件用GH4080A合金的应力腐蚀机制

采用慢应变速率拉伸实验研究了pH值、SO4^2-、Cl^-对GH4080A合金应力腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:pH值越低,GH4080A合金的抗应力腐蚀性能越差;合金对中性条件下的Cl^-应力腐蚀敏感性不明显,但pH<7时,合金对Cl^-存在应力腐蚀敏感性,而且对HCl具有明显的应力腐蚀敏感性,主要源于H^+和Cl^-对应力腐蚀的协同作用;常温下GH4080A对含SO4^2-离子的介质不敏感。进一步的外加电位应力腐蚀实验表明,GH4080A合金应力腐蚀断裂机理为氢致开裂型,断口特征表现为沿晶脆性断裂。     

汽车用AZ91镁合金的耐腐蚀性能

以AZ91镁合金为研究对象,研究了NaCl溶液的浓度、腐蚀时间、温度和搅拌速度对AZ91镁合金耐腐蚀性的影响。利用扫描电镜观察了腐蚀后的表面形貌和横截面形貌,定性分析了AZ91镁合金在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,随NaCl溶液浓度、腐蚀时间、温度和搅拌速度增加,AZ91镁合金腐蚀速率主要呈递增趋势,且腐蚀形式为沿晶腐蚀。     

5083铝合金慢应变速率拉伸下的应力腐蚀行为

采用慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)测试法及扫描电镜(SEM)与透射电镜(TEM)分析手段,研究了预变形量及应变速率对5083铝合金在空气和3.5%NaCl溶液中应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)行为的影响。结果表明:在空气中,5083铝合金几乎不发生SCC现象,其断口均呈现韧性断裂形貌;在3.5%NaCl溶液中,5083铝合金具有SCC敏感性,其断口呈现局部沿晶界或相界断裂形貌,随着应变速率的减小,应力腐蚀敏感指数(ISSRT)增大,当应变速率减至1×10-6s-1时,其应力腐蚀断口呈现典型的解理脆断特征;(Mg5Al8)等第二相析出及预变形后位错增多是导致5083铝合金SCC敏感性增大的主要原因。     

AZ91镁合金的抗高温蠕变性能和腐蚀性能的研究近况

概述了AZ91镁合金抗高温蠕变性能和腐蚀性能方面的研究近况。重点介绍了近年来微合金化、材料复合对AZ91镁合金抗蠕变和腐蚀性能的影响,提出了对AZ91镁合金今后发展方向的看法。     

Amine corrosion and amine cracking of API 5L X52 carbon steel in the presence of hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide

In this research, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and corrosion behaviour of API 5L X52 carbon steel in 25?wt-% diethanolamine solution, saturated/unsaturated with carbon dioxide and containing 0 and 200?ppm hydrogen sulphide at different temperatures were investigated using slow strain rate test, electrochemical measurement and microscopic analysis. In addition, the presence of heat stable amine salts (HSASs) in the test solution was studied using spectrophotometry and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Analysis of the results showed that the primary components to form HSASs exist in the solution. The results indicated that SCC is more likely in solutions without amine. Increase in corrosion rate of carbon steel by increase in temperature was clearly observed and concluded that the simultaneous presence of hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide in the solution can increase the corrosion rate of carbon steel more than having one of the gases in the solution.     

缓慢凝固速度对AZ91D镁合金组织的影响

为了探讨AZ91D镁合金在较慢凝固冷却速度下的组织,对其进行了缓慢凝固处理.利用金属凝固原理分析了AZ91D镁合金的凝固过程和在较慢凝固速度下枝晶偏析减轻的原因.结果表明,随凝固冷却速度的降低,析出相β-Mg12Al12由连续网状分布逐渐变成沿晶界断续的条块状分布,凝固过程中的偏析现象逐渐减轻.当冷却速度最低达到0.0030K/s时,组织中β相的体积分数仅为2%,但晶粒明显长大.     

热矫正次数对7N01铝合金应力腐蚀开裂的影响

采用慢应变速率拉伸试验(SSRT)和透射电镜(TEM)测试分析方法研究了热矫正次数对7N01-T5铝合金应力腐蚀敏感性的影响。结果表明:随着热矫正次数的增加,7N01-T5铝合金应力腐蚀敏感性增加。原因主要在于晶界析出相的转变以及溶质元素Zn和Mg从基体向晶界的不断扩散。基于非平衡偏聚理论可知,三次热矫正的等效恒温时间小于临界时间t_c。因此,随着热矫正次数的增加,晶界处Zn和Mg元素含量逐渐增加,增大了晶界与基体间的腐蚀电位差,使7N01-T5铝合金应力腐蚀敏感性增加。     

铸造AZ91镁合金在CO32-/HCO3-体系中的应力腐蚀行为

用电化学实验、浸泡实验与慢应变速率拉伸实验研究铸造AZ91 镁合金在不同浓度比例的CO₃^2-/HCO₃^-溶液体系中的应力腐蚀(SCC)行为。结果表明,随着溶液pH值的升高,AZ91 镁合金的应力腐蚀敏感性降低。点蚀是AZ91镁合金在该实验体系下的裂纹萌生源,随着实验时间的延长,萌生于点蚀底部的微裂纹会逐渐扩展形成主裂纹,主裂纹靠吞并其前端的微裂纹向前扩展,直至发生SCC失效。     

Anodization of AZ91 magnesium alloy in alkaline solution containing silicate and corrosion properties of anodized films

The anodization of AZ91 magnesium alloy in an alkaline electrolyte of 100g/L NaOH 20g/L Na2B4O7·10H2O 50g/L C6H5Na3O7·2H2O 60g/L Na2SiO3·9H2O was studied.The corrosion resistance of the anodized films was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques.The microstructure of the films was examined with scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD).The results show that,under the experimental conditions,the optimum anodizing time and the optimum anodizing current density are 40min and 20mA/cm2 respectively for obtaining the anodic film with high corrosion resistance.The XRD pattern shows that the components of the anodized film consist of MgO and Mg2 (SiO4).     

钕对AZ91镁合金腐蚀性能的影响

利用静态失重法、极化曲线、电子探针和X射线衍射仪研究了AZ91-XNd镁合金在3.5%NaCl水溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,加入Nd显著降低合金的腐蚀速度,提高合金的平衡电位和腐蚀电位,降低腐蚀电流。探讨了显微组织与腐蚀性能之间的关系。     

Stress corrosion cracking of A588 steel weldments in flue gas related environments

This study investigated stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of A588 steel welds as determined by U-bend immersion tests and slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests to evaluate the steel’s cracking susceptibility in various regions of the weldments. The immersion test results indicated that the fusion zone (FZ) had better corrosion resistance than the other regions in the weld. It was also demonstrated that the columnar grain boundaries exhibited a higher resistance to corrosion than the grain interior of the FZ. However, the coarse elongated ferrite in the FZ is susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement (HE), which results in the formation of microcracks. As a result, a severe degradation of the weld’s tensile properties in the saturated H₂S solution was observed. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) fractographs of tensile specimens reveal a cleavage fracture in the coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) and featherlike rupture in the FZ, both indicating a high sensitivity to HE.     

AZ91D镁合金在两种盐溶液和空气中的一般腐蚀和应力腐蚀

分别在pH值为6的0．60mol/L NaCl,0．60mol/L NaNO_3溶液和空气介质中对AZ91D压铸镁合金进行了一般腐蚀和慢应变速率试验。结果表明：该合金发生的一般腐蚀或应力腐蚀都具有明显的离子选择性,在含Cl~-的溶液中一般腐蚀较严重,在含NO_3~-的溶液中应力腐蚀更为明显。该合金在实验室空气介质中不易发生应力腐蚀。应变速率是该合金发生应力腐蚀的又一重要参数,当应变速率低于8．33×10~(-5)s~(-1)时,该合金在两种溶液中均发生应力腐蚀,在4．17×10~(-5)s~(-1)的应变速率下,应力腐蚀最为严重,应力腐蚀是阳极溶解和氢致开裂共同作用的结果。     

Electrochemical techniques for monitoring stress corrosion cracking of Type 40Cr steel in acidified chloride solution

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） and electrochemical noise （EN） techniques were used to detect stress corrosion cracking （SCC） on 40Cr steel specimens exposed to the acidified chloride solution at ambient. To test these two techniques, slow strain rate tensile （SSRT） tests were performed with 40Cr specimen in the identical corrosive solution at room temperature. In impedance measurements, phase shifts in frequency range from 1 to 1 000 Hz show a clear difference between the stressed and non-stressed specimens, suggesting that stress corrosion cracks are detected by the impedance measurements. EN signals in the process of SCC were recorded and then analyzed by standard deviation （STD）. On the other hand, the mechanical properties, such as maximum tensile strength （MTS） and fracture strain （FS） measured by the SSRT, decrease significantly when the specimens are exposed to the corrosive solution relative to that in an inert medium. The SSRT results are consistent with fractography of the tested specimens by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Analysis of the fracture surface clearly shows intergranular attack, suggesting that stress corrosion cracks are formed.     

AZ91D镁合金在北京地区的大气腐蚀行为研究

利用室外大气暴露试验，研究了AZ91D镁合金在北京地区的平均大气腐蚀速率，并与相同条件下A3钢的大气腐蚀情况进行了对比．采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、X射线能谱(EDS)以及红外光谱(IR)等多种现代表面分析技术对腐蚀产物的形貌、组成、结构等进行分析，与A3钢相比，AZ91D镁合金具有良好的耐大气腐蚀性能，具有局部腐蚀的特征。     

高温水蒸气环境中TP439不锈钢的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性

目的 研究TP439不锈钢在高温水蒸气环境中的应力腐蚀开裂行为,并探讨水蒸气和温度对其应力腐蚀开裂敏感性的影响规律。方法 采用慢应变速率拉伸试验方法研究了TP439不锈钢在400~600 ℃水蒸气环境中的应力腐蚀开裂行为,利用SEM和EDS分析试样断口区域的形貌及元素分布。结果 同一应变速率(2×10^‒5 s^‒1)下,随着温度在400~600 ℃范围内升高,TP439不锈钢在空气和水蒸气环境中的屈服强度、抗拉强度和断裂能均逐渐降低,延伸率逐渐增大。400 ℃和500 ℃时,试样在水蒸气环境中的抗拉强度较空气环境中有所降低,而延伸率较空气环境中增大。600 ℃时试样在水蒸气环境中的力学性能较空气环境中无明显差别。试样在400、500、600 ℃水蒸气环境中的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性指数分别为0.7%、1.2%和‒2.8%,应力腐蚀开裂敏感性较低。试样在400~600 ℃水蒸气环境中的断口均呈现韧性断裂特征,断口形貌整体由韧窝和微孔组成,颈缩现象显著,断口附近未发现二次裂纹。温度在400~600 ℃范围内升高时,断口的韧窝特征更加明显,颈缩程度逐渐增大,600 ℃时断口侧面的氧化膜表面Cr含量明显降低,主要由Fe的氧化物形成。结论 水蒸气对TP439不锈钢的应力腐蚀开裂行为起促进作用。基于应力腐蚀开裂敏感性指数和断口的分析,在应变速率为2×10^‒5 s^‒1的400~600 ℃水蒸气环境中,TP439不锈钢的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性较低。     

Analysis on flow stress of magnesium alloys during high temperature deformation

The flow stress of magnesium alloys during hot compression at different temperatures and strain rates was studied by experiments.Materials used were AZ91D alloys in as-cast,homogeneous treatment states,AZ31 and ZK60 alloys in as-cast state. The results show that the thermal simulation curves of different alloys differ from one another at the same deforming condition.The general curves of AZ31 and AZ91D alloys have the character of dynamic recrystallization.There are increase of true stress,drastic fallin...     

Influence of chemical composition on corrosion resistanceof AZ91D magnesium alloy ingots

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