Nb、K共掺对BiFeO3纳米晶体结构和磁性的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Bi_(1-x)K_xFe_(1-x)Nb_xO_3(0≤x≤0.05)纳米晶体,并研究Nb、K共掺杂对BiFeO_3样品晶格结构和磁学性质的影响。根据XRD图谱和Rietveld精修可知,所有样品保持R3c相,晶格常数a、c,晶胞体积V和Fe-O-Fe发生微弱的变化。XPS测量显示,少量的Nb、K共掺杂不引起样品中Fe~(3+)和Fe~(2+)比例的变化。磁测量表明,所有掺杂样品的磁性都得到了增强。当掺杂量x=0.01时,剩余磁化强度Mr达到最大值,Mr=0.1978emu/g,相比于纯BiFeO_3增大了18倍。低掺杂时剩余磁化强度Mr增大,可能是由于掺杂样品中存在束缚磁极化子引起的。     

Room-Temperature Multiferroic Properties and Local Structures of the Mn-Doped and (Pb, Mn)-Codoped BiFeO3

The Mn-doped and the (Pb, Mn)-codoped BiFeO₃ polycrystalline samples are prepared by a sol–gel method. The X-ray diffraction patterns manifest that all samples are in single phase and a lattice structural transformation appears during doping process. Compared with Mn-doped BiFeO₃, the magnetic property of (Pb, Mn)-codoped BiFeO₃ is enhanced and ferroelectric polarization decreases. The results of XAFS indicate that the bond length of Fe–O shortens due to doping Mn ions into BiFeO₃, which results in the increase of magnetic property. Pb ion doping makes the valence state of Mn ion change, rather than Fe ion, and induces the occurrence of Mn⁴⁺–O–Fe³⁺ antiferromagnetic coupling, which decreases the magnetic property of the Bi_0.95Pb_0.05Fe_0.95Mn_0.05O₃ sample.     

Mn_(0.2)Zn_(0.8)Fe_(2-x)Ce_xO_4铁氧体纤维的制备、结构及其磁性能

以柠檬酸和金属盐为原料,采用有机凝胶-热分解法成功制备了Mn0.2Zn0.8Fe2-xCexO4(x=0~0.04)系列铁氧体纤维。通过XRD、SEM和VSM等技术对产物进行了表征,研究了Ce3+掺杂对Mn-Zn铁氧体纤维的结构,微观形貌及磁性能的影响。结果表明,所制得的纤维轴向较为均匀,长径比较大,直径在0.5~3.5μm之间,组成纤维的晶粒平均尺寸为11.6~12.8nm。Ce3+掺杂没有引起Mn0.2Zn0.8Fe2-xCexO4纤维结构的明显变化,仍为单一的立方尖晶石结构,但晶格常数和晶粒粒径随Ce3+掺入量的增加而略微增大。Ce3+掺杂使Mn-Zn铁氧体纤维的饱和磁化强度增大,矫顽力下降,软磁性能有所提高。     

Engineering the magnetic structure of Fe clusters by Mn alloying

We propose to tailor the magnetic structure of atomic clusters by suitable doping, which produces the nanometric equivalent to alloying. As a proof of principle, we perform a theoretical analysis of Fe(6-x)Mn(x) clusters (x = 0-5), which shows a modulation of the magnetic moment of the clusters as a function of Mn doping and, more importantly, a collinear to noncollinear transition at x = 4.     

Electronic structure and magnetic properties of the Ni0.2Cd0.3Fe(2.5-x)A1(x)O4 (0 < or = x < or = 0.4) ferrite nanoparticles

The structural, magnetic, and electronic structural properties of Ni0.2Cd0.3Fe(2.5-x)Al(x)O4 ferrite nanoparticles were studied via X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), DC magnetization, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) measurements. Nanoparticles of Ni0.2Cd0.3Fe(2.5x)Al(x)O4 (0 < or = x < or = 0.4) ferrite were synthesized using the sol-gel method. The XRD and TEM measurements showed that all the samples had a single-phase nature with a cubic structure, and had nanocrystalline behavior. From the XRD and TEM analysis, it was found that the particle size increases with Al doping. The DC magnetization measurements revealed that the blocking temperature increases with increased Al doping. It was observed that the magnetic moment decreases with Al doping, which may be due to the dilution of the sublattice by the doping of the Al ions. The NEXAFS measurements performed at room temperature indicated that Fe exists in a mixed-valence state.     

Ni doped Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles

In this work, the effect of nickel doping on the structural and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles is analysed. Ni(x)Fe(3-x)O4 nanoparticles (x = 0, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.11) were obtained by chemical co-precipitation method, starting from a mixture of FeCl2 x 4H2O and Ni(AcO)2 x 4H2O salts. The analysis of the structure and composition of the synthesized nanoparticles confirms their nanometer size (main sizes around 10 nm) and the inclusion of the Ni atoms in the characteristic spinel structure of the magnetite Fe3O4 phase. In order to characterize in detail the structure of the samples, X-ray absorption (XANES) measurements were performed on the Ni and Fe K-edges. The results indicate the oxidation of the Ni atoms to the 2+ state and the location of the Ni2+ cations in the Fe2+ octahedral sites. With respect to the magnetic properties, the samples display the characteristic superparamagnetic behaviour, with anhysteretic magnetic response at room temperature. The estimated magnetic moment confirms the partial substitution of the Fe2+ cations by Ni2+ atoms in the octahedral sites of the spinel structure.     

Structural and magnetic study of a diluted magnetic semiconductor: Fe-doped CeO2 nanoparticles

This paper reports the effect of Fe doping on the structure and room temperature ferromagnetism of CeO2 nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction and the selective area electron diffraction measurements performed on the Ce(1-x)Fe(x)O2 (0 < or = x < or = 0.07) nanoparticles showed a single-phase nature with a cubic structure, and none of the samples showed the presence of any secondary phase. The mean particle size, which was calculated using transmission electron microscopy, increased with the increase in the Fe content. The DC magnetization measurements that were performed at room temperature showed that all the samples exhibited ferromagnetism. The saturation magnetic moment increased with the increase in the Fe content.     

Zn3-xMnxTeO6的晶体结构与吸收光谱和磁性研究

本工作主要研究Mn ²⁺离子掺杂的类刚玉系氧化物Zn₃TeO₆(0<x≤2.0)的晶体结构与光学性质和磁性的变化。Zn_3-xMn_xTeO₆粉末样品通过固相反应合成。Mn掺杂量的相图表明, x<1.0时保持单斜(C2/c)结构, 1.0≤x≤1.6为单斜(C2/c)和三方六面体混合相(R-3), x≥1.8时完全转变为R-3相, 且x=2.0时形成ZnMn₂TeO₆, Te-O和Mn/Zn-O键长增大, 八面体发生更大畸变。X射线粉末衍射结构精修也表明R-3相中Zn/MnO₆为畸变八面体。随着Mn ²⁺掺杂含量的增加, Zn_3-xMn_xTeO₆系列化合物不仅结构发生变化, 其颜色也由浅变深。紫外吸收光谱中随着掺杂浓度的增加, 400~550 nm处的吸收增强, 样品的光学带隙也由3.25 eV (x=0.1)逐渐减小到2.08 eV (x=2.0), 分析表明, 可见区吸收的增强是源于MnO₆八面体中Zn/MnO₆八面体中Mn ²⁺离子的d-d跃迁, 导致样品由浅黄色逐渐变为暗黄色。 磁性测试表明, 固溶体的反铁磁转变温度随着Mn ²⁺掺杂量的提高而逐渐增加, 且掺入的Mn ²⁺离子以高自旋态 存在。     

Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of nanocrystalline Pr(1-x)A(x)Mn(1-y)Co(y)O3 (A = Ca, Sr) (x = 0.3; y = 0.5) manganites

Structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of sol-gel prepared, nanocrystalline oxides Pr(1-x)A(x)Mn(1-y)Co(y)O3 (A = Ca, Sr) (x = 0.3; y = 0.5) (cubic, space group Fm3m) have been studied. From the X-ray data, the crystallite size of Pro.7Ca0.3Mn0.5Co0,503 and Pr0.7Sr0.3Mn0.5Co0.5O3 samples is found to be approximately 24 nm and approximately15 nm respectively. High resolution transmission electron microscopy image shows average particle size of approximately 34 nm and approximately 20 nm. Magnetization measurements indicate a Curie temperature of approximately 153 K and approximately172 K in applied magnetic field of 100 Oe for Pr0.7Ca0.3Mn0.5Co0.5O3 and Pr0.7Sr0.3Mn0.5Co0.O3 compounds. The magnetization versus applied magnetic field curves obtained at temperatures below 150 K show significant hysteresis and magnetization is not saturated even in a field of 7 T. The magnetocaloric effect is calculated from M versus H data obtained at various temperatures. Magnetic entropy change shows a maximum near T(c) for both the samples and is of the order approximately 2.5 J/kg/K.     

Mn掺杂锶铁氧体SrFe12O19电子结构及磁性的第一性原理研究

为了揭示掺杂离子对具有磁铅石构型的锶铁氧体材料磁性能的影响, 本研究探讨了锶铁氧体及其锰掺杂体系的稳定构型及其磁结构。研究结果表明, 锶铁氧体为亚铁磁性, 与前期的研究结果相吻合。通过比较GGA和GGA+U计算方法, 发现U值的选取对体系的电子结构和原子磁矩有显著影响。当U值为3.7 eV时, 体系由金属性转变为自旋向上带隙为1.71 eV的半导体。原胞总磁矩为40 μ_B。对于Mn替换掺杂的SrFe_12-xMn_xO₁₉体系, 通过不同占据位能量比较, 当单个Mn原子替换(x=0.5)时, Mn离子优先占据Fe (12k)位置; 而当两个Mn原子替换Fe原子(x=1.0)时, 两个Mn分别占据Fe (12k)和Fe (2a)位置。Mn掺杂对锶铁氧体的结构影响较小, 但对于体系的总磁矩和电子结构有较明显的影响。在Mn含量x=0.5和x=1.0时, 自旋向上带隙值分别降低到0.85和0.59 eV, 原胞的总磁矩为39和38 μ_B。本研究可为实验研究提供理论指导。     

La和Nb共掺提高BiFeO3的磁学性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法成功制备了Bi1-xLaxFe0.99Nb0.01O3(x≤0.25)纳米颗粒样品,并研究了La和Nb共掺对BiFeO3样品的晶体结构、晶粒尺寸和磁学性质的影响.根据X射线衍射及Rietveld精修结果可知,所有样品都保持R3c空间结构,且Fe-O-Fe键角随着La掺杂量的增加而减小.XPS测试结果表明,La和少量Nb共掺不会引起样品中Fe3+和Fe2+含量的明显变化.磁性测量发现剩余磁化强度强烈依赖于La掺杂量x.La掺杂影响着反向旋转的FeO5八面体结构变化,而Nb离子掺杂会导致样品晶粒细化.共掺BiFeO3的磁性增强是两种影响机制协同作用的结果.     

Evaluation of CaO-SiO2-P2O5-Na2O-Fe2O3 bioglass-ceramics for hyperthermia application

Magnetic bioglass ceramics (MBC) are being considered for use as thermoseeds in hyperthermia treatment of cancer. While the bioactivity in MBCs is attributed to the formation of the bone minerals such as crystalline apatite, wollastonite, etc. in a physiological environment, the magnetic property arises from the magnetite [Fe3O4] present in these implant materials. A new set of bioglasses with compositions 41CaO x (52-x)SiO2 x 4P2O5 x xFe2O3 x 3Na2O (2 < or = x < or = 10 mol% Fe2O3) have been prepared by melt quenching method. The as-quenched glasses were then heat treated at 1050 degrees C for 3 h to obtain the glass-ceramics. The structure and microstructure of the samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction and microscopy techniques. X-ray diffraction data revealed the presence of magnetite in the heat treated samples with x > or = 2 mol% Fe2O3. Room temperature magnetic property of the heat treated samples was investigated using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer. Field scans up to 20 kOe revealed that the glass ceramic samples had a high saturation magnetization and low coercivity. Room temperature hysteresis cycles were also recorded at 500 Oe to ascertain the magnetic properties at clinically amenable field strengths. The area under the magnetic hysteresis loop is a measure of the heat generated by the MBC. The coercivity of the samples is another important factor for hyperthermia applications. The area under the loop increases with an increase in Fe2O3 molar concentration and the. coercivity decreases with an increase in Fe2O3 molar concentration The evolution of magnetic properties in these MBCs as a function of Fe2O3 molar concentration is discussed and correlated with the amount of magnetite present in them.     

Structural and Magnetic Properties of Pr0.6Sr0.4Mn1−x Fe x O3 (0≤x≤0.3) Manganites Oxide Prepared by the Ball Milling Method

We present the structural and magnetic properties of Pr_0.6Sr_0.4Mn_1?x Fe _x O₃ (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) compounds. Samples have been prepared by the ball milling method. Rietveld refinements of the X-ray powder diffraction data show that all our synthesized samples are single phase and crystallize in the orthorhombic symmetry with the Pnma space group. The unit cell volume increases with increasing the Fe content. The infrared spectrum shows two active bands, which can be ascribed to the internal stretching and bending modes. The magnetization measurements versus temperature showed that Fe doping leads to a weakening of the ferromagnetic ordering at low temperature, the Curie temperature T _C decreases from 300 K for x=0.0 to 88 K for x=0.2. The magnetization versus applied magnetic measurements at low temperature lead to conclude that the substitution of Mn³⁺ ions by Fe³⁺ ions triggers antiferromagnetic interactions between the Fe³⁺ and Mn⁴⁺ spins, and also the magnetization versus applied magnetic measurements at room temperature shows a small hysteresis loop and a low coercive field, which indicates that the samples are superparamagnetic.     

Ti^4+掺杂M型六角铁氧体BaFe12–xTixO19陶瓷的磁学和介电特性

六角铁氧体由于其具备高温下的低场磁电耦合特性,有望应用于新型多态存储器及磁电传感器等微电子器件。利用Ti^4+离子对M型六角铁氧体BaFe12O19进行B位掺杂,不仅可以调控材料的磁结构和磁学特性,同时,Ti离子在六角铁氧体B位的不等价掺杂还可以产生相关缺陷、载流子和变价Fe离子进而改变其电学特性。本研究采用固相烧结法制备了M型六角铁氧体BaFe12–xTixO19(x=0,0.5,1,1.5)陶瓷,并对其进行了性能表征和测试,研究了B位Ti^4+掺杂对材料结构、磁学和介电特性的影响。研究结果表明,BaFe12–xTixO19呈现上、下自旋反平行的亚铁磁序。当Ti^4+离子掺杂量较低时,更易取代位于上自旋格子的Fe3+离子,其磁化强度随Ti掺杂量的增加而减小;随着Ti4+离子掺杂量的进一步增加,位于下自旋格子的Fe^3+离子也会逐渐被取代,此时,饱和磁化强度随掺杂量的增加而增加。此外,Ti^4+离子的引入也会使晶粒内部呈现半导性,在晶粒/晶界处产生Maxwell-Wagner界面极化,故而M型六角铁氧体BaFe12–xTixO19陶瓷会出现明显的低频介电增强并伴随着Maxwell-Wagner介电弛豫。     

Composition dependence of magnetocaloric effect in Pr0.6Ca0.4Mn(1-x)Cr(x)O3 (x = 0.02-0.08)

We report the effect of varying Cr content on magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Pr0.6Ca0.4Mn(1-x)Cr(x)O3 samples (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08). While the parent compound (x = 0) is a charge ordered and antiferromagnetic insulator, Cr doped compounds are ferromagnetic metals with nearly same Curie temperature (T(c) approximately 140 K). We find unusual field-induced meta-magnetic transition above T(c) in x = 0.02 and 0.04 which is absent in x = 0.06 and 0.08. It is suggested that the paramagnetic phase in these compounds is inhomogeneous with coexistence of nano-size ferromagnetic clusters and short range charge ordered clusters. Field induced growth of ferromagnetic nano-clusters and destruction of short-range charge ordering leads to the observed metamagnetic transition, which results in large magnetic entropy change of -deltaS(M) = 5.043, 6, 5.509 and 4.375 J/kg K under deltaH = 5 T, for x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08, respectively. In addition, large relative cooling power (RCP) found in these materials (327.384, 286.36, 272.22 and 279.936 J/kg) makes it interesting for practical applications. Our study suggests that creation of ferromagnetic nano-clusters in the paramagnetic phase by Mn-site doping in charge ordered compounds provides an alternative approach to achieve high AS(M) and RCP values.     

Zn_(1-x)Mn_xS稀磁半导体的合成与光学性能

通过水热法制备不同掺杂浓度的Zn_(1-x)Mn_xS(x=0.00,0.02,0.05,0.07)稀磁半导体材料,研究Mn~(2+)掺杂浓度对ZnS纳米棒微观结构和光学性能的影响。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、X射线能量色散分析谱仪(XEDS)和紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)对样品的晶体结构、形貌和光学性能进行表征。结果表明:制备的所有样品均具有结晶良好的纤锌矿结构,没有杂峰出现,生成纯相Zn_(1-x)Mn_xS纳米晶。样品形貌为纳米棒状结构,分散性良好。掺杂的Mn元素进入到ZnS纳米晶中,Mn~(2+)替代了Zn~(2+),而且随着Mn掺杂量的增加晶格常数减小。同时UV-vis光谱发现样品的光学带隙增大,发生了蓝移现象。     

Mn和Fe掺杂对尖晶石氧化物Co2MnO4结构和磁性的影响

以金属盐及柠檬酸为原料, 采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了尖晶石氧化物Co_2-xMn_1+xO₄和Co_2-xFe_xMnO₄系列, 通过XRD、FT-IR及PPMS等手段研究了Co₂MnO₄及系列掺杂样品的成相、结构、磁性等特征。结果表明, Co_2-xMn_1+xO₄系列在x<0.6时, 呈单相立方结构, 晶格常数和磁性随着Mn掺杂量的增加而增大, x≥0.6时逐渐向四方结构转化, 磁性下降, 并呈现磁化强度不易饱和的特征; Co_2-xFe_xMnO₄系列样品在x<1.75成分范围内均可保持立方结构, 且晶格常数和磁性都随着x增大而提高。这些变化主要是由于掺杂原子尺度及磁矩均大于原有元素, 掺杂后样品内部的磁性相互作用有所增强。     

Effect of Magnetic Transition Metal (TM = V,Cr, and Mn) Dopant on Characteristics of Copper Nitride

Pure and magnetic transition metal (TM = V, Cr, and Mn)-doped copper nitride (Cu₃N) films with a preferred orientation of (100) were successfully prepared by reactive rf magnetron sputtering with an appropriate optical band gap for potential application in solar energy conversion. The incorporation of V or Mn can make the lattice constant smaller while it becomes larger after the inset of Cr into Cu₃N. The calculated equilibrium structural parameters reveal that the unit cell of Cu₃N could expand by inserting TM in the center or Cu vacancy of Cu₃N. The SEM shows boundaries disappeared grains of V-doped sample, small spherical-like grains of Cr-doped sample, and greater glomerate crystal particles of Mn-doped Cu₃N. The band gap becomes minor (1.50 to 1.22 eV) after doping with V or Cr and larger (1.50 to 1.56 eV) for Mn-doped samples, which realized the adjustable optical band gap of Cu₃N films by doping with TM. What is more, TM in the center vacancy of Cu₃N can improve magnetic properties more effectively than that of TM in the Cu vacancy of Cu₃N. And Cr doping in the center gives the biggest magnetic moment of 0.2656 μ _B.     

Structural and Magnetocaloric Properties of ErFe 2 . 4 Al 0 . 6 Compound

The structural and magnetic properties of the single-phase pseudobinary ErFe _2.4Al _0.6 compound, obtained under arc-melting conditions, have been investigated. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that this compound is stabilized with a hexagonal CeNi ₃-type structure (space group P6 ₃ /mmc). The partial substitution of Fe by Al in this compound occurring at all the metallic sites is reflected in the decrease of the Curie temperature Tc. Magnetization curves (2–450 K; 0–5 T) indicate a ferrimagnetic ordering with four magnetic phases induced by competitional interactions between magnetic moments of both Er and Fe. The magnetocaloric effect has been estimated from the magnetic isotherms. The relative cooling power (RCP) value indicates relatively promising magnetic refrigerant material.     

Spontaneous Polarization and Magnetic Investigation Of BiXO3 (X=Co,Mn, Fe,V, Zn): First-Principle Study

Spontaneous polarization and magnetic properties of BiXO3 with X = Co, Fe, Mn, V, and Zn have been studied using the full-potential, linear augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method with GGA and mBJ implemented in the WIEN2K code. The investigation shows that BiXO3 with X = Co, Fe, Mn, and Zn is stable in the antiferromagnetic state while for BiVO3, the magnetic stability was shown in the ferromagnetic state. The calculation shows the existence of a charge transfer between p states of oxygen and d states of Co and Fe for X = Co and Fe. The existence of Co, Fe, Mn, and V makes BiXO3 a non-absorbent compound. However, for Zn, the structure behaves as an absorbent compound especially in the visible light. We note that the spontaneous polarization is calculated with Berry phase BI and was found very close and comparable with other works.