3-RRS柔性并联机器人的振动特性分析

基于有限元法、Lagrange方程和运动协调条件,建立了3-RRS柔性并联机器人的弹性动力学模型。分析了含有Rayleigh阻尼的3-RRS柔性并联机器人的振动特性。通过算例,揭示了系统阻尼固有频率与模态衰减系数的变化规律。研究3-RRS柔性并联机器人系统的振动特性可为此类机器人的机构优化设计、控制和工程应用提供指导。     

空间刚柔耦合并联机构系统的频率特性分析

对空间刚柔耦合并联机构系统的固有频率特性进行分析.建立一种空间有限元梁单元新模型,基于有限元法和Lagrange 方程导出有限元梁单元的运动微分方程.通过分析动平台运动参量与运动支链间的运动关系,得到刚柔耦合并联机构系统的运动学约束条件,并由Newton-Euler方程得到系统动平台的动力学模型.根据系统的运动学约束条件和动平台的动力学模型,经过各个单元运动微分方程的有机组装,导出刚柔耦合并联机构系统的整体动力学方程.在此基础上,通过算例3-RRS刚柔耦合并联机构系统的频率特性分析,总结空间刚柔耦合并联机构系统的固有频率与机构基本参量之间的内在规律.结果显示,刚柔耦合并联机构系统的结构尺寸、支链中杆件的截面参量和材料参量等对系统的固有频率都有显著影响.研究对进一步研究刚柔耦合并联机构的动态特性和机构优化设计具有重要的指导意义.     

平面柔性并联机器人动力学建模

利用有限元理论研究柔性并联机器人动力学建模的理论和方法,分析各支链的弹性位移及其耦合关系,建立柔性并联机器人系统的运动约束条件和动力约束条件。综合考虑构件的分布质量、集中质量以及杆件的剪切变形、弯曲变形、拉压变形和横向位移的影响,运用运动弹性动力学理论和Lagrange方程,推导出平面柔性并联机器人的动力学方程。以平面3-RRR柔性并联机器人为例,说明该动力学模型能正确反映柔性并联机器人的弹性振动特性,杆件的弹性变形对机器人动平台的位置误差和方向误差具有重要影响。     

平面柔性连杆3-RRR并联机器人动力学建模

为了描述包含柔性连杆的平面柔性3-RRR并联机器人的运动学、动力学特性,需要建立机器人的弹性动力学模型.采用一种适用于刚体、柔体混合的复杂机械系统有限元建模方法,通过分析柔性连杆与刚性动平台的运动学耦舍关系,推导出单元弹性广义坐标相对于系统弹性广义坐标的转换矩阵,利用运动弹性动力学理论,建立了平面柔性3-RRR并联机器人的弹性动力学方程.避免了采用运动学、动力学约束方程的弊端,缩小了方程的规模,缩短了计算时间.用SAMCEF软件验证了模型的准确性.计算实例表明,该模型反映了机器人的弹性振动特性,杆件的弹性变形对机器人的运动误差具有重要影响.     

基于虚拟样机技术的柔性并联机器人建模与仿真

基于虚拟样机原理,利用SAMCEF软件对柔性并联机器人进行运动学、动力学建模和仿真,为柔性并联机器人的分析和设计提供了一种新方法.该方法建模简单,可视化强,后处理功能强大,可用于验证其它建模方法的理论分析结果.首次提出一种基于SAMCEF软件的柔性并联机器人固有频率的计算方法,可迅速计算柔性并联机器人在整个运动周期中的各阶固有频率.     

柔性机器人协调操作系统动力特性分析

柔性机器人协调操作系统的模型参数从本质上决定了系统的动力特性，而其固有频率又是评价系统内在特性的一个重要指标。过去系统参数和系统固有频率及其动力性能之间的关系没有引起重视，利用柔性机器人协调操作零自由度刚体的动力学模型通过理论推导和实例仿真揭示了柔性机器人协调操作各模型参数和系统固有频率之间的内在联系，分析了其对于系统动力性能的影响，对于柔性机器人协调操作系统操作物体位置误差的控制和高性能柔性机器人协调操作系统的设计都有很重要的意义。     

3-RRS并联机器人的动力学分析

基于Lagrange方程导出了3-RRS并联机器人的动力学模型,分析了该并联机器人的动力学特性。通过实例讨论了3RRS并联机器人的等效转动惯量、驱动力／力矩和能耗的变化规律。结果表明,对于给定的运动规律,机构的位形对系统的等效转动惯量和驱动力/力矩的影响很大。     

球面两自由度冗余驱动并联机器人弹性动力学分析

建立了球面2-DOF冗余驱动并联机器人弹性动力学模型。将机器人系统的6个空间弯杆划分为6个子结构,考虑空间弯杆的弯曲、拉伸和扭转变形,基于有限元法求出了各子结构的弹性动力学模型;根据转动副的约束特点以及各分支与输出轴的变形协调约束关系,将子结构组装成3个分支并进行装配,得到系统的弹性动力学模型;将理论计算与有限元仿真得到的机构在初始位置时的固有频率进行对比,验证了系统弹性动力学模型的正确性。通过对比分析球面2-DOF非冗余与冗余驱动并联机器人输出端的动态响应,验证了冗余驱动的引入可以明显减小机器人输出端的最大弹性位移。研究结果为含有空间弯杆并联机器人的结构优化设计以及振动分析提供了理论依据。     

基于大行程柔性铰链的并联机器人刚度分析

基于大行程柔性铰链的并联机器人系统可以在立方厘米级的工作空间内提供亚微米级的运动精度。所采用的大行程柔性铰链的几何参数及其在空间内的布置,将会直接决定并联机器人的系统刚度,从而间接的影响整体系统的工作空间、承载能力和驱动负荷等一系列系统性能。提出了大行程柔性铰链基于刚度方程的弹性模型,采用刚度组集的方法并通过建立协调方程,构建得到整体系统的刚度模型。进而进行了系统刚度性能分析,得到系统刚度影响图谱,为这类新型的柔性并联机器人的设计与开发提供了有力依据。     

柔性并联机器人动力学特性的灵敏度分析

为了获得精确的柔性并联机器人动力学特性的灵敏度分析结果,通过对柔性并联机器人动力学模型的分析,提出了基于微分法的动力学特性灵敏度分析方法,计算精度比差分法提高25%,计算时间缩短了86%。分析了柔性并联机器人动力学特性对各设计参数的灵敏度。柔性并联机器人的动力学特性对连架杆的截面积、构件集中质量及各杆件截面的厚度比较敏感。利用灵敏度微分法计算了设计参数发生微小变化后的动态响应值及固有频率值,在误差小于7%的情况下,计算时间缩短了95%。以3-RRR柔性平面并联机器人为例,说明微分法是准确、有效的。分析动力学特性灵敏度对柔性并联机器人的弹性动力综合和优化设计有重要意义。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.