基于TDLAS-WMS的高灵敏度电子鼻传感器设计

为了对痕量有害气体(甲烷为例)进行非接触式检测,本文基于可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)与波长调制光谱(WMS)相结合的检测技术,采用中心波长为7.5μm的量子级联激光器(QCL),设计并研制出高灵敏度电子鼻传感器系统.在室温条件下,通过调节QCL注入电流,使其发光光谱扫过甲烷(CH4)气体吸收谱线.同时采用紧凑型herriott气室(长度为40 cm,容积为800 m L),使得系统总光程达到16 m.利用该传感器系统,对不同浓度的CH4进行测量,结果显示,测量相对误差小于7%,检测下限为1×10~(-9).同时,研究人员可以通过更换其他激射波长的QCL,实现对其它有害气体的检测.     

基于NDIR的红外气体浓度信息检测系统

针对热光源气体检测系统存在长期漂移和稳定性差的问题,基于非分光红外(NDIR)气体检测技术,结合双通道探测方法,设计并研制了红外气体浓度信息检测系统.该系统采用双椭球型气室结构,可以在小空间内实现长光程,从而降低了气体浓度检测下限,同时引入了双参数温度补偿方法,降低了温度漂移对红外探测器和硬件电路的影响,提高了系统稳定性和可靠性.采用改进型静态配气方法对相关性能进行测试.结果表明,甲烷气体浓度检测下限达到5×10-5,具有一定的实际应用价值.     

基于煤矿瓦斯浓度的窄带光源谐波检测技术研究

在对煤矿瓦斯气体浓度的检测中,由于噪声、气体的吸收峰很窄、光源波长随温度的漂移等原因将引起测量的不稳定,通过采用对激光器的中心波长和气体吸收峰中心波长对准,测量光经过气体时的损耗就可以检测气体的浓度,利用一次谐波作为误差信号,可将光源精确地锁定在气体吸收峰上,并给出了窄带光源谐波检测的理论依据。实验结果表明,该方法可应用于甲烷气体浓度的光谱测量,它具有高精度、强选择性、快速响应等特点。     

可调谐激光吸收光谱光纤甲烷传感器研究

甲烷光谱吸收与气室温度有关,结合甲烷波长1 653.72nm附近2v3带R(3)支的3条吸收线,分析温度波动对甲烷吸收线的谱线特性及气体浓度反演产生的影响.基于可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱设计了一套带温度信号采集装置的甲烷浓度检测系统,利用校准系数将不同温度下检测得到的二次谐波信号转化为参考温度下的标准信号,反演待测气体浓...     

基于光纤环衰荡技术的多参量在线监测系统研究

提出了一种多参量在线监测系统。该系统基于光纤环衰荡技术,通过在光纤环中加入吸收气室、光纤布喇格光栅或光纤微弯传感器,可完成气体浓度、温度/应变、压力等多产量的同时测量。以乙炔为目标气体分析了光纤环衰荡技术所要达到的理论衰荡时间为2μs,然后用实验得到其衰荡信号,通过重构其吸收谱,用该方法得到乙炔的测量精度为10×10-4%。     

高温高湿条件下克劳斯尾气二氧化硫在线分析（英文）

到目前为止,准确测量高温高湿状态下克劳斯尾气中的SO2浓度依然存在问题.为解决该问题,在高温高湿状态下,构建高精度测量克劳斯尾气中SO2气体浓度监测方法.通过原位粉尘过滤、烟气气化、利用紫外差分光学吸收光谱技术准确测量SO2气体浓度,表征克劳斯尾气状态和特性.系统分析某克劳斯脱硫设备进口、出口和反应器内的SO2浓度,其数值符合脱硫系统的运行规律.解决了高温高湿状态下难以准确测量SO2气体浓度的难题.     

基于虚拟仪器的瓦斯浓度检测系统

研究了一种差分吸收瓦斯浓度检测系统.基于近红外光谱吸收原理,分布反馈式激光器(DFB)发出波长为1 650 nm的光,一路经过光纤传输到待测气室与甲烷气体发生作用,另一路经过光纤直接传到参考气室,将两路携带有用信息的光信号通过硬件电路转换为电信号,由虚拟仪器开发的软件进行采集、处理,得到浓度与电压的信息.实验结果表明:该系统起到了实时检测与监控甲烷气体浓度的作用.     

测量NO气体吸收截面的方法

差分吸收光谱技术(DOAS)已经被广泛用于各种污染气体浓度的测量,其中影响其测量精度的主要因素就是气体吸收截面的测量.利用Lambert-Beer吸收定律以及自主设计的测量装置对大气的主要污染气体N0的吸收截面进行了测量,并采用多项式拟合的方法提高了测量的精度,根据所测得的吸收截面反演了N0气体的浓度值,取得了良好的效...     

光谱吸收型光纤气体传感器及解调系统

基于光谱吸收型气体传感器的传感机理,搭建了实验平台,研究了基于一、二次谐波幅度比值法实现气体浓度检测的可行性,设计了一种新型的光纤气体传感器;基于32位嵌入式软核处理器NiosⅡ和FPGA技术设计了光纤气体传感器的解调系统.实验结果表明,该光纤气体传感器及其解调系统具有易维护、高速、高分辨率、高精度等优点.     

小型红外甲烷浓度测试仪研制

利用红外吸收原理,研制了一台用于外场测试的小型甲烷浓度测试仪样机。其特点是测量基本不受其它气体成分的影响;测试浓度在5％以内时,测量相对误差<1％。仪器采用数字显示,操作简单。     

基于数字信号处理器的激光光谱瓦斯监测系统

利用可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)技术,选择不受干扰的1653.72nm波长处的吸收线监测煤矿瓦斯浓度,并结合了高性能的数字信号处理器(DSP)和二次谐波检测技术,进一步降低了检测限,使检测限低于0.074mg/m3,实现了对瓦斯浓度高稳定性和高灵敏度的实时测量。     

Research on fault mode and diagnosis of methane sensor

To improve the reliability of coal mine safety monitoring systems we have analyzed the characteristics of a methane sensor, an important component of the monitoring system of production safety in a coal mine and studied the main type and mode of faults when the sensor was used on-line. We introduced a new method based on artificial neural network to detect faults of me-thane sensors. In addition, using the output information of a single methane sensor, we established a sensor output model of a dy-namic non-linear neural network for on-line fault detection. Finally, the fault of the heating wire of the sensor was simulated, indi-cating that, when the methane sensor had a fault, the predicted output of the neural network clearly deviated from the actual output,exceeding the pre-set threshold and showing that a fault had occurred in the methane sensor. The result shows that the model has good convergence and stability, and is quite capable of meeting the requirements for on-line fault detection of methane sensors.     

基于光谱吸收和谐波检测的瓦斯浓度测量技术

提出了一种基于瓦斯特征光谱吸收特性和二次谐波检测原理的煤矿瓦斯监测方法,从理论上论证了该方法的可行性,并进行了实验验证.以分布反馈(DFB)激光器做光源,使用正弦信号对激光器输出的激光频率进行调制,激光通过瓦斯密闭气室后,由光电探测器探测,对所得到的信号使用二次谐波技术处理后,得到密闭气室中的瓦斯浓度,结果与实际浓度吻合.最后对影响实验检测分辨率的因素进行了分析.结果表明:该技术实现了完全非接触在线自动检测,能够满足煤矿瓦斯安全检测的要求.     

矿井自动监测预警系统的研究

本文提出基于无线传感器网络技术的煤矿安全监测系统,阐述了无线传感器网络体系设计及节点的硬件和软件设计,选择了基于IEEE802.15.4标准的ZigBee技术作为无线传感器网络的通信方案,充分利用无线传感器网络的优点,实现对井下各种环境及生产参数全方位、实时监测,尽可能地减少煤矿安全生产隐患,更好的为安全生产服务。     

Evaluation of fiber optic methane sensor using a smoke chamber

This report presents the results of experiments to evaluate a prototype fiber optic methane monitor exposed to smoke using a smoke chamber to simulate atmospheric conditions in an underground coal mine after a fire or explosion. The experiments were conducted using test fires of different combustible sources commonly found in mines —douglas-fir wood, SBR belt, and Pittsburgh seam coal. The experiments were designed to assess the response of the fiber optic methane sensor to different contaminants,different contaminant levels and different contaminant durations produced from the test fires. Since the prototype methane monitor detects methane by measuring absorption at a specific wavelength, optical power at the absorption wavelength(1650 nm) was measured as a function of smoke concentration and duration. The other sensor response parameter-methane response times-were measured between smoke tests to assess the impact of soot accumulation on the sensor. Results indicate that the sensor screen effectively prevented smoke from obscuring the optical beam within the sensor head, with minimal impact on the system optical power budget. Methane response times increased with smoke exposure duration, attributed to soot loading on the protective screen.     

基于PLC软测量技术的刮板给煤机煤量监测系统研究

针对刮板给煤机给煤量测量困难的实际情况,提出利用PLC软测量技术研究对刮板给煤机给煤量监测计算方法给出了监测系统的结构和监测原理,设计出PLC监测程序,该系统具有结构简单、工作可靠、测量准确等特点.     

Evaluation and intelligent deployment of coal and coalbed methane coupling coordinated exploitation based on Bayesian network and cuckoo search

Coal and coalbed methane (CBM) coordinated exploitation is a key technology for the safe exploitation of both resources. However, existing studies lack the quantification and evaluation of the degree of coordination between coal mining and coalbed methane extraction. In this study, the concept of coal and coalbed methane coupling coordinated exploitation was proposed, and the corresponding evaluation model was established using the Bayesian principle. On this basis, the objective function of coal and coalbed methane coordinated exploitation deployment was established, and the optimal deployment was determined through a cuckoo search. The results show that clarifying the coupling coordinated level of coal and coalbed methane resource exploitation in coal mines is conducive to adjusting the deployment plan in advance. The case study results show that the evaluation and intelligent deployment method proposed in this paper can effectively evaluate the coupling coordinated level of coal and coalbed methane resource exploitation and intelligently optimize the deployment of coal mine operations. The optimization results demonstrate that the safe and efficient exploitation of coal and CBM resources is promoted, and coal mining and coalbed methane extraction processes show greater cooperation. The observations and findings of this study provide a critical reference for coal mine resource exploitation in the future.     

一种适于高压变频器的光纤电流检测系统的研究

高电压大功率变频器中，功率器件引起的强电磁干扰环境以及绝缘的问题始终是变频器研究中影响测量信号准确性、器件运行安全性的一个问题.鉴于光纤传感可以解决上述问题，基于偏振态调制的光纤电流传感器原理，研究一种适用于高压变频器的小巧的，基于法拉第磁光效应的高圆双折射光纤电流检测系统，用Jones矩阵对光纤系统进行分析.通过线性度、实时测量等具体实验，验证研制的高圆双折射光纤电流检测系统能够满足高压变频器对电流检测的需要.     

Methane absorption and application of mixed organic aggregate prepared from Span80 and alkaline salt

The water-based materials for mine gas absorption and explosion suppression were prepared, in which the mixed organic aggregate of Span80 and alkaline salt can be used as methane absorbent. Methane was used as a model of mine gas, and the absorptions of methane with different complex materials were studied using head space gas chromatography. Then the state of aqueous material was characterized with laser light scattering instrument and the effects of different complex materials on explosion suppression were preliminarily studied in explosion chamber which can simulate mine gas explosion. The research results showed that complex material could absorb methane and there was some correlation between the mean diameter of organic aggregate in aqueous material and the absorption effect. Additionally, the aqueous material could suppress the methane explosion to some degree. The material can absorb mine gas in atomization condition, therefore, degrease mine gas concentration and influence the distribution of mine gas in the space, and then suppress the mine gas explosion to some extent.     

基于无线传感器网络的可重构监测仪器设计

为解决无线传感器网络(WSN)中监测仪器通用性较差的问题,将可重构虚拟仪器技术与WSN相结合,运用Visual studio编程软件开发了一套适应传感器网络特性的多功能监测仪器平台.该仪器不仅能兼容多种节点,便于网络功能扩展,而且能够根据不同测量任务的需求,通过更换软构件实现不同的监测功能.最后搭建了面向矿井提升机机房设备的无线仪器平台,实现了仪器系统的在线动态重构.