AZ91D镁合金化学复合镀Ni-P-ZrO2的工艺与性能

对镁合金传统化学镀工艺进行了改进,避免了使用氢氟酸和六价铬等有毒物质。采用化学镀与化学复合镀相结合方法,在AZ91D镁合金上获得了Ni-P-ZrO2纳米化学复合镀层,并研究了新工艺化学镀前处理和镍沉积机理及复合镀层的结构和性能。结果表明:新工艺方法获得的Ni-P镀层更均匀、致密,耐蚀性优于传统工艺化学镀层;Ni-P-ZrO2复合镀层与AZ91D合金基体在3.5%NaCl溶液中的动电位极化曲线对比表明,该复合镀层对镁合金可以起到明显的保护作用;从磨损实验结果可见,Ni-P镀层的磨损质量损失率几乎为Ni-P-ZrO2镀层的3倍,说明ZrO2纳米粉的加入能改善镀层的耐磨性。     

Barium phosphate conversion coating on die-cast AZ91D magnesium alloy

Poor corrosion resistance limits the application of magnesium alloys.Conversion coating is widely used to protect magnesium alloys because of easy operation and low cost.A novel conversion coating on die-cast AZ91D magnesium alloy containing barium salts was studied.The optimum concentrations of Ba(NO_3)_2,Mn(NO_3)_2 and NH_4H_2PO_4 are 25 g/L,15 mL/L and 20 g/L,respectively,based on orthogonal test results.The treating time,solution temperature and pH value are settled to be 5-30 min, 50-70℃and 2.35-3.0...     

AZ91D镁合金的均一化前处理与化学镀Ni-P

采用新型环保的均一化前处理工艺在AZ91D镁合金表面制备了化学镀Ni-P镀层。研究了前处理过程中AZ91D基体微观形貌、镀层沉积过程、成分和相结构。研究结果表明：基体表面的β相在前处理过程中被选择性去除,表面组织得到均一化,从而获得均匀致密的浸Zn层。Ni-P颗粒均匀形核生长,并最终形成致密的镀层。镀层具有优良的耐腐蚀性能。     

Organic-magnesium complex conversion coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

An organic-magnesium complex conversion (OMCC) coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy was obtained by treating in a solution containing organic compounds. SEM, FESEM and XPS were used to examine the surface morphology, thickness and structure of the conversion coatings. The results show that the continuous and uniform conversion coating is deposited on AZ91D alloy and the main component of the coatings is organic compound containing benzene ring, which forms a chemical bond with magnesium. The polarization measurement and salt spray test show that the corrosion resistance of the conversion coating is much higher than that of traditional chromate conversion coating.     

Preparation and property evaluation of electroless Ni-P coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy

Taking a bath with basic nickel carbonate as the source of nickel, sodium hypophosphite as the reducing agent and citric acid as the complexing agent, the N i-P coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy were prepared. The influence of pH value of the bath on the content of phosphorus, microhardness and corrosion resistance of the deposits was examined. The XRD analysis results show that the Ni-P coatings plated under all conditions have a mixed microstructure of amorphous and nanocrystalline and undergo a phase transformation to crystalline nickel and nickel phosphide upon heat-treatment. The microhardness of the Ni-P coatings increases with the increase ofpH value of the bath and has a maximum at pH=6. The potentiodynamic polarization test in 3.5%（mass fraction） NaCl solution reveals that the Ni-P coatings exhibit a very good corrosion resistance to protecting AZ91D magnesium alloy.     

Corrosion and wear properties of electroless Ni-P plating layer on AZ91D magnesium alloy

A direct electroless Ni-P plating treatment was applied to AZ91D magnesium alloy for improving its corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Corrosion resistance of the Ni-P coatings was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization and immersing experiments in 3.5% NaCl solution. The wear resistance of the coatings was investigated by the wear track and the mass change after ball-on-disk experiment. The results show that corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the AZ91D alloy are greatly improved after direct electroless Ni-P plating. No discoloration is noticed until 4 d of immersion in 3.5% NaC1 solution. Potentiodynamic polarization experiments show that the free corrosion potential of magnesium alloy is shifted from -1 500 mV to -250 mV and passivation occurs at 1 350 mV after direct electroless plating. The friction coefficients and wear rates of Ni-P coating and Ni-P coating after tempering are 0.10-0.351, 9.038×10^-3 mm^3/m and 0.13-0.177, 3.056×10^-4 mm^3/m, respectively, at a load of 1.5 N with dry sliding. Although minor hurt on corrosion resistance was caused, significant improvement of wear resistance was obtained after tempering treatment of the coating.     

AZ91D镁合金表面激光重熔Al-Si-Cu涂层的性能

采用等离子喷涂和激光重熔复合工艺在AZ91D镁合金表面制备Al-Si-Cu合金涂层,利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机等研究了涂层的微观组织、显微硬度与摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,激光重熔后涂层组织致密均匀,涂层与基体呈良好的冶金结合,涂层显微硬度约为基体的2.2倍,由于晶粒细化和硬质相的存在耐磨性较基体明显提高,重熔层的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损。     

Effects of ultrasonic dispersion on structure of electrodeposited Ni coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

To obtain the refined electrodeposited nickel layer on AZ91D magnesium alloy, ultrasonic technology was applied in the processes of pre-treatment and electrodeposition. The phases of pre-treatment layer and the nickel coating were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, the effects of ultrasonic dispersion on the microstructure of pre-treatment layer and the grain refinement of electrodeposited nickel layer were discussed. The results showed that the pre-treatment electrodeposited Cu-Sn layer with compact microstructure could be synthesized in alkaline copper-tin liquid with ultrasonic agitation, as a result, smooth and refined nickel coating formed on AZ91D magnesium alloy. On the other hand, preferred orientation in the coating decreased because of the refined grains.     

Electrodeposition of zinc on AZ91D magnesium alloy pre‐treated by stannate conversion coatings

A stannate chemical conversion process followed by an activation procedure was employed as the pre‐treatment process for AZ91D magnesium alloy substrate. Zn was electroplated onto the pre‐treated AZ91D magnesium alloy surface from pyrophosphate bath to improve the corrosion resistance and the solderability. The surface morphologies of conversion coating and zinc coating were examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The phase composition of conversion coating was investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical corrosion behavior of the coatings in the corrosive solution was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results showed that the activated stannate chemical conversion coating provided a suitable interface between zinc coating and the AZ91D magnesium alloy substrate. The corrosion resistance of the AZ91D substrate was improved by the zinc coating.     

Corrosion of AZ91D magnesium alloy with a chemical conversion coating and electroless nickel layer

A chemical conversion treatment and an electroless nickel plating were applied to AZ91D alloy to improve its corrosion resistance. By conversion treatment in alkaline stannate solution, the corrosion resistance of the alloy was improved to some extent as verified by immersion test and potentiodynamic polarization test in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution at pH 7.0. X-ray diffraction patterns of the stannate treated AZ91D alloy showed the presence of MgSnO₃ · H₂O, and SEM images indicated a porous structure, which provided advantage for the adsorption during sensitisation treatment prior to electroless nickel plating. A nickel coating with high phosphorus content was successfully deposited on the chemical conversion coating pre-applied to AZ91D alloy. The presence of the conversion coating between the nickel coating and the substrate reduced the potential difference between them and enhanced the corrosion resistance of the alloy. An obvious passivation occurred for the nickel coating during anodic polarization in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.     

Influence of chemical composition on corrosion resistanceof AZ91D magnesium alloy ingots

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Influence of pH values on electroless Ni-P-SiC plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

A novel Ni-P-SiC composite coating was prepared by electroless plating in order to improve the corrosion capacity and wear resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy. The influence of pH values on deposition rates and properties of the coatings was studied. The microstructure and phase structure of the Ni-P-SiC coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The corrosion and wear resistance performances of the coatings were also investigated through electrochemical technique and pin-on-disk tribometer, respectively. The results indicate that the composite coating is composed of Ni, P and SiC. It exhibits an amorphous structure and good adhesion to the substrate. The coatings have higher open circuit potential than that of the substrate. The composite coating obtained at pH value of 5.2 possesses optimal integrated properties, which shows similar corrosion resistance and ascendant wear resistance properties to the substrate.     

Direct electroless Ni-P plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

An electroless Ni-P plating treatment was applied on AZ91D magnesium alloy to improve its corrosion resistance. Optimum pretreatment conditions and optimum bath of electroless nickel plating for magnesium alloy were found through many experiments. In order to avoid bother of pre-plating medium layer, a set of procedure of direct electroless Ni-P under the acid condition was investigated. The properties of the coating with 10% phosphorus were investigated. The results show that a coating with high hardness, low porosity and good adhesive strength is obtained. X-ray diffraction patterns show that the structure of the coating is an amorphous phase. After annealing at 400 ℃, the amorphous phase of Ni-P is transformed to crystalline phases, and some intermetallics as Ni3P and Ni5P2 are deposited from Ni -P solid solution along with an enhancing hardness from Hv 450 to Hv 910.     

Wear resistance of ceramic coating on AZ91 magnesium alloy by micro-arc oxidation

The ceramic coating formed on AZ91 magnesium alloy by micro-arc oxidation （MAO） was characterized. The results show that the ceramic coating （3.4-23 μm in thickness）on the surface ofAZ91 alloy was attained under different micro-arc oxidation treatment conditions, which consist mainly of MgO, Mg2SiO4 and MgSiO3 phases. Nano-hardness in a cross-sectional specimen was determined by nano-indentation experiment. The MAO coatings exhibit higher hardness than the substrate. Dry sliding wear tests for the MAO coatings and AZ91 alloy were also carded out using an oscillating friction and wear tester in a ball-on-disc contact configuration. The wear resistance of the MAO coatings is improved respectively under different treatment time as a result of different structures of ceramic coatings formed on AZ91 alloy.     

AZ91D镁合金化学镀Ni-P及Ni-W-P镀层的结构与耐蚀性

在AZ91D镁合金上直接化学镀Ni-P和Ni-W-P镀层,并利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪及电化学工作站研究后续热处理对化学镀层组织形貌、相组成及其耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,制备的Ni-P镀层为非晶态,而Ni-W-P镀层为纳米晶结构,两者在3.5%NaCl水溶液中的耐蚀性相当。热处理可以明显提高Ni-W-P镀层的耐蚀能力,但却稍微弱化Ni-P镀层的耐蚀能力,热处理后的Ni-W-P层自腐蚀电位相对于未处理的化学镀Ni-W-P或Ni-P层提高了约150 mV。     

AZ91D镁合金化学镀镍

利用化学镀镍的方法，在AZ91D镁合金表面得到了均匀、致密，无明显表面缺陷的Ni－P涂层，X－ray衍射分析表明，镀层组织为单一的Ni；热震实验表明涂层与基体合金结合良好；动电位极化测试表明涂层的自腐蚀电位接近－0．4V（SCE），有明显的钝化区，而腐蚀性能优异，可对基体合金起到理想的防护作用。