微电解处理含镍模拟电镀废水

提出了一种利用废铁屑和活性炭微电解作用处理含镍废水的方法.以硫酸镍溶液模拟电镀废水,在实验室考察了铁炭比、pH、曝气及紊流状态对微电解处理效果的影响,并采用了多次过流来提高反应装置内紊流状态,从而提高镍离子的去除率.当铁炭比为1:1(体积比)、pH为6.5、摇床转速为100 r/min、曝气量为120 L/min时,反...     

A trinuclear anionic trifluoroacetato derivative of iron(II) containing a central O(–I) ligand

The reaction of Fe(CO)₅ with CF₃COOH/(CF₃CO)₂O, or with CF₃COOH, in DMF at about 140 °C produces the colourless compound 1, [Fe(DMF)₆][Fe₃(μ₃-O) (CF₃COO)₆(DMF)₃]₂, constituted by the [Fe(DMF)₆]²⁺ cation and by two [Fe₃(μ₃-O)(μ₂-CF₃COO)₆(DMF)₃]⁻ anions, with a triangular disposition of the three iron atoms, the central substantially coplanar oxygen atom being formulated as a singly charged anion O(–I) stabilized by complexation to iron(II).     

Synthesis and electrode performance of layered nickel dioxide containing alkaline ions

Several polymorphs of layered nickel dioxide were prepared by using the chemical insertion of alkaline ions into Li_0.10NiO₂. We used aqueous AOH (A = Li, Na, K) solutions as reducing agents. Sodium and potassium insertion resulted in hydrated layered compounds that can be classified as γ-NiOOH with high crystallinity, while lithium insertion occurred without hydration. We discuss the coordination environment around the A⁺ ions for these inserted compounds. The thermal behavior, analyzed using high temperature (HT) X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric (TG) measurements, indicated that heating the hydrate at 150 °C yielded its dehydrate. The electrode performance of the nickelate was studied in lithium cells. We discuss the effect of interlayer water on cell rechargeability and the similarity between these nickelate and hydrated manganese dioxide (birnessite).     

Properties and microstructure of nickel electrodeposited from a sulfamate bath containing ammonium ions

A 70 m thick Ni layer was electrodeposited from a sulfamate bath containing various amounts of ammonium ions onto a copper plate. The detailed microstructure of the Ni deposits was characterized using a plane-view and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The textures of the Ni deposits were also determined using conventional X-ray diffraction. Experimental results indicated that ammonium ions suppressed the lateral growth of Ni deposits and favoured out growth, thus leading to the growth of [1 1 0] and [3 1 0] oriented deposits. A structural refinement effect was observed after ammonium ions were added to the sulfamate bath. Ammonium ions also increased the internal stress and hardness of the deposits. A general Hall–Petch relationship was observed for the dependence of deposit hardness on the average grain size of the Ni deposits. The adsorption of atomic hydrogen and the polar NH₃ molecule explains the effect of ammonium ions on the electrocrystallization of Ni.     

改性淀粉在低浓度含镉废水处理中的应用实验

对淀粉（St）接枝共聚丙烯酰胺（AM）并与巯基乙酸（MCAA）反应进行了研究,将得到的产物用于低浓度含镉废水处理取得了较好的效果。研究了淀粉与丙烯酰胺配比不同对St-AM接枝率和接枝效率的影响并对巯基化后得到的产物St-AM-MCAA的巯基含量进行了测定。对低浓度（0.4mg/L）含镉废水的处理研究发现：含镉废水在pH=8,添加量为50mg时镉去除率可达89.7%;St-AM-MCAA较St-AM产物能提高Cd2+去除率10%以上。     

双醛改性淀粉在重金属废水处理中的应用

淀粉作为天然高分子化合物具有来源广泛、价格低廉和可生物降解等优点,改性淀粉被广泛应用于废水中重金属的处理。为了改善其吸附性能,设计并合成了一些新型结构的改性淀粉,其中双醛改性淀粉在结构和特点上与传统的改性淀粉不同。在介绍其合成方法基础上,总结了双醛改性淀粉的种类、结构以及处理废水中重金属的特点,为今后设计更多的新型改性淀粉提供参考。     

Synthesis and characterization of formyl group containing N-monofunctionalized tetraazamacrocyclic ligand and its nickel(II) complex

New N-functionalized tetraaza macrocyclic ligand [N-{(2-hydroxy-3-formyl-5-bromo)benzyl}-5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (L)] and its nickel(II) complex has been prepared and characterized. The X-ray structural analysis of [NiL](ClO₄) · H₂O showed that the geometry around nickel(II) ion is distorted trigonal bipyramid. Cyclic voltammetric studies of Ni(II) complex show one electron irreversible reduction at E_pc = −1.49 V and oxidation at E_pa = 1.12 V. Nickel(II) complex has a room temperature magnetic moment value of μ_eff = 3.35 B.M.     

The role of DNA membrane in the electro-oxidation methanol by nickel ions modified electrode in alkaline medium

A DNA-Ni²⁺ complex film was prepared by using direct electrodeposited method. The nickel ions immobilized in the DNA membrane exhibited an excellent and stable catalytic activity to the electro-oxidation of methanol. It was indicated that the DNA membrane would not block the methanol molecules diffuse into the catalytic active site in the membrane. Furthermore, it could make oxidation intermediate products which may poison the active site react sufficiently. As a result, the DNA membrane was an ideal carrier for the Ni ion immobilizing, and the utilization efficiency of catalysts Ni²⁺ could get higher.     

Design,synthesis and properties of a trinuclear copper(I) cluster with a triazenide ligand

The reaction of methyl anthranilate, sodium nitrite, and 2-aminobenzothiazole produces a new triazenide, namely, 1-[(2-carboxymethyl) benzene]-3-[benzothiazole]triazene (HL). In the presence of Et₃N, the reaction of HL and CuCl in THF/methanol gives a trinuclear copper(I) cluster [Cu₃L₃] THF CH₃OH (1 THF CH₃OH), which has been characterized by X-ray crystallography, cyclic voltammogram and emission spectrum. CV of 1 reveals two reversible waves at –0.06 and 0.83 V, which correspond to two one-electron oxidation of Cu₃ units ([Cu₃]⁴⁺/[Cu₃]³⁺) and ([Cu₃]⁵⁺/[Cu₃]⁴⁺), respectively. 1 appears photoluminescent (λ_max = 502 nm) at room temperature.     

纳滤膜处理含铬废水溶液的研究

采用NF-1812卷式纳滤膜在室温条件下对含铬废水进行处理,考察了压力、浓度等对纳滤膜去除Cr(Ⅲ)、Cr(Ⅵ)的效果的研究。纳滤膜对铬离子的分离受到铬离子的形态、操作压力、料液的质量浓度等综合影响。在0.25—0.55 MPa压力范围内,随着操作压力的不断升高,膜分离过程的动力差变大,膜通量也随之变大,废水处理能力也增大,但是纳滤膜对铬离子的截留率均有一定程度的下降,其中Cr(Ⅲ)的截留率从93%降低至89%,Cr(Ⅵ)的截留率从37%降低至31%,NF-1812纳滤膜对三价铬的截留率总体上高于六价铬。在铬离子质量浓度为0.05—0.20 g/L范围内,纳滤膜对铬离子的截留率随质量浓度增加有所下降,但Cr(Ⅵ)质量浓度对截留率的影响较小。实验结果表明:NF-1812卷式纳滤膜可有效处理含铬废水中的三价铬离子。     

The interaction of pyrite with solutions containing silver ions

Linear potential sweep voltammetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy have been used to determine the products of the interaction of pyrite with sulphuric acid solutions containing silver ions. Silver sulphide was found to be the principal product for all reaction times. Initially, some sulphur excess (metal deficiency) in the sulphide lattice was associated with the formation of silver sulphide. The presence of elemental silver in addition to silver sulphide after extended reaction times was evident from the characteristics of voltammograms. This elemental silver was not detected by electron spectroscopy because it was formed as crystallites occupying only a very small area of the surface of the silver sulphide-covered pyrite. Silver sulphide was the only surface silver species present on a pyrite surface during acid iron(III) leaching; elemental sulphur was also identified on such surfaces.     

Sorption of nickel and cadmium ions from aqueous solutions by a complexing resin based on modified polyamide fiber

The sorption of nickel and cadmium ions by a fibrous complexing resin containing functionally active amines was studied. The principal kinetic and concentration characteristics of the processes and the coordination properties of the resulting complexes were determined.     

A new trinuclear zinc(II) complex possessing five- and six-coordinated central ions and its photoluminescent property

A aromatic Schiff base ligand, N, N′-bis((4, 4′-diethylamino)salicylidene)-1, 2-phenylenediamine (H₂L), and its trinuclear zinc(II) complex, Zn₃L₂(CH₃COO)₂, were synthesized. The X-ray crystal structure of the complex reveals that two zinc ions show the coordination number of five and the third one has the coordination number of six. The complex exhibits blue-green emission as the result of the fluorescence from the intraligand emission excited state.     

Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol on carbon paste electrode modified by nickel ions dispersed into poly (1,5-diaminonaphthalene) film

Poly (1,5-diaminonaphthalene) film was prepared by using the repeated potential cycling technique in an acidic solution at the surface of carbon paste electrode. Then transition metal ions of Ni(II) were incorporated to the polymer by immersion of the modified electrode in a 1.0 M nickel chloride solution. The electrochemical characterization of this modified electrode exhibits stable redox behavior of the Ni(III)/Ni(II) couple. Also, cyclic voltammetric experiments showed that methanol electrooxidized at the surface of this Ni(II) dispersed polymeric modified carbon paste electrode [Ni/P-1,5-DAN/MCPE]. The mechanism of methanol oxidation changes from diffusion control at low concentration to a catalytic reaction at higher methanol concentration. The effects of both scan rate and methanol concentration on the anodic peak height of the methanol oxidation were discussed.     

Removal of chromium,copper, and nickel ions using bidentate polymeric ligand derived from 4‐aminophenol and salicylaldehyde

The monomer 5‐(4‐acryloyloxyphenylazo)salicylaldehyde [5,4‐APASAL] was prepared and polymerized in dimethylformamide (DMF) at 70°C using benzoyl peroxide as free radical initiator. Poly5‐(4‐acryloyloxyphenylazo) salicylaldehyde [poly(5,4‐APASAL)] was characterized by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic technique. The molecular weight of the polymer was determined by gel permeation chromatography method. Cu(II), Ni(II), Cr(III), and Cr(VI) complexes of poly(5,4‐APASAL) were prepared. Elemental analysis of polychelates suggests that the metal to ligand ratio is about 1 : 2. The polymer metal complexes were also characterized by XRD, magnetic moment, and thermal analysis. The effect of pH and electrolyte concentration in the metal uptake behavior of the polymer was also studied. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Reaction with metal ions of chloromethylated polystyrene resin containing dithiocarbamate group

The derivatives of poly(chloromethylstyrene) resin (PCMS) with N-methyl-N-carboxylmethyl-dithiocarbamate (1), N,N-di(β-hydroxyethyl)dithiocarbamate (2), N-methyl-N-carboxylmethylamino (3), and di(β-hydroxyethyl)amino (4) groups were prepared, and the metal ion reactivity of the polymer resins with these functional groups were investigated. Additionally, the effect of γ irradiation on the reaction with metal ion was also investigated. In the reaction of PCMS under the same conditions, the substitution ratio order is as follows: (2) > (1) > (4) > (3). In the reaction of the resins with cupric ion, the reaction amount reached a maximum of 4.17 mequiv/g for resin (1) and 4.75 mequiv/g for (2). The polymers containing sulfur atom have a large reactivity toward metal ion in comparison to the polymers without sulfur atom. The reactivity of polymer (1) toward metal ions decreased in the following order: Ag(I) ? Cu(II)> Zn(II) ? Ni(II) ? Co(II). The other metal ions, except Ag(I) and Cu(II), hardly reacted with polymer (2). Thus, polymer (2) has a remarkable selectivity. It was also found that the reaction amount of polymers containing sulfur after γ irradiation is almost the same as that before γ irradiation.     

QHS-3型钠钙浮选剂用催化剂生产过程中含铜、镍离子废水的处理

对QHS-3型钠钙浮选剂用催化剂生产过程中产生的含铜、镍离子废水采用常规中和沉淀法与加入金属螯合剂M相结合的方法进行了去除铜、镍离子的研究,结果表明:在最佳工艺条件下,即在溶液的pH值为9.2,聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)加入量为6 mg/L,金属螯合剂M投加量为80～90 mg/L时,处理后的废水中的铜、镍离子的质量浓度达到了国家排放标准.     

Epoxy resin modified with soybean oil containing cyclic carbonate groups

Carbonated soybean oil (CSO) containing five‐membered cyclic carbonate groups has been obtained in the reaction of epoxidized soybean oil with carbon dioxide in the presence of KI activated by 18‐crown‐6 under 6 MPa CO₂ pressure at 130°C. The CSO was used for modification of bisphenol‐A based epoxy resin. The composition epoxide‐cyclic carbonate was cured using polyamine hardeners by one‐step and two‐step procedures. All cured compositions were characterized for their thermal and mechanical properties and compared with the parent epoxy network. The optimal properties were obtained for compositions containing CSO and cured by one‐step method when phase separation takes place. The mechanical properties were discussed in terms of morphology observed by SEM. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 2904‐2914, 2006     

用淀粉黄原酸盐处理含镉废水的研究

主要研究用淀粉黄原酸盐(ISX)处理含镉废水,探讨了淀粉黄原酸盐用量、反应液pH值、反应时间、废水浓度等因素对镉离子去除率的影响。结果表明:当处理20 mL含Cd2+浓度为40 mg/L废水时,pH值为8,ISX用量为0.3 g,处理时间为15 m in,废水中镉的去除率可达97%。