新戊二醇、季戊四醇其二元体系固—固相变的变温红外光谱研究

利用傅利叶变温红外光谱仪分别测定了新戊二醇（ＮＰＯＧ）、季戊四醇（ＰＥ）及其二元混合物的变温红外光谱。实验表明,多元醇分子中羟基吸收峰随温度升高而发生位移,它既能反映多元醇及其二元体系发生固－固相变的温度区间,又与转变热相对应,从而揭示了多元醇及其二元体系固－固相变贮热的机理。     

硫氰化铵固-固相变贮热及变温红外研究

用ＤＳＣ法研究无机塑晶材料硫氰化铵从室温到２２０℃之间的热物理性质,探讨其贮热可跑性,并利用变温红外光谱仪分析硫氰化铵固－固相变的机理。     

太阳能固—固相变贮热

本文评述了作为新型太阳能贮热材料的多元醇类（ＰＥ、ＰＧ、ＮＰＧ）及其二元体系的固－固相变贮热性能的研究情况。     

新戊二醇,季戊四醇及其二元体系固—固相变贮热的动力学研究

利用ＤＳＣ技术研究了新戊二醇（ＮＰＧ）、季戊四醇（ＰＥ）及其二元体系的固－固相变的动力学,运用Ｋｉｓｓｉｎｇｅｒ及Ｏｚａｗａ方法计算了固－固相变的表观活化能及反应级数,两种方法的结果是一致的。     

多元醇二元体系固－固相变贮热的研究

用ＤＳＣ法研究季戊四醇－新戊二醇（ＰＥ－ＮＰＧ），三羟甲基乙烷－新戊二醇（ＰＧ－ＮＰＧ），季戊四醇－２－氨基２－甲基１，３丙二醇（ＰＥ－ＡＭＰ），三羟甲基乙烷－２－氨基２－甲基１，３丙二醇（ＰＧ－ＡＭＰ）和三羟甲基氨基甲烷－新戊二醇（ＴＡＭ－ＮＰＧ）五个多元醇二元体系的固一固相变。这些二元固体溶液的转变温度和转变热与其组成有依赖关系。研究结果可以指导选择贮热材料的组成。     

多元醇二元体系固—固相变贮热的挥发性实验研究

本文报道了就新戊二醇和季戊四醇组成的二元体系固－固相变贮热材料的挥发性进行了实验研究的情况和结果。     

贮热材料TAM-NPG二元体系的变温红外光谱研究

利用变温红外光谱中缔合羟基的非平面变角振动吸收谱带的变化，对TAM－NPG二元体系在37－39℃的晶型转变机理进行了探讨。结合DSC，证明组成随TAM含量的增大，氢键数目减少。     

多元醇二元体系相变贮热的经验公式

本文根据有关文献报道的实验数据，应用线性回归方法给出了多元醇二元体系贮热材料中对相变焓有贡献的羟基数与组分的经验公式、相变焓与组分的经验公式以及相变温度与组分的经验公式。     

用于墙体中的固-固相变材料储热性能的研究

使用固一固相变材料作为墙体中的储能材料不会发生渗漏．能增加墙体的蓄热能力，减小室内温度波动，减少建筑能耗。通过实验研究了多元醇类相变材料组成的二元体系在不同组成下的储热性能，从材料的相变温度和相变潜热分析其应用于墙体中的可行性。研究结果表明：在一定的组成下，多元醇二元体系可达到墙体储能要求的相变温度，且相变潜热较大，是理想的墙体相变储能材料。     

三羟甲基乙烷、新戊二醇及其二元体系相变动力学的DSC研究

用DSC技术研究了新戊二醇（NPG）,三羟甲基乙烷（PG）及其二元体系的固－固,固－液相变的动力学,运用Kissinger及Ozawa方法计算了相变过程的活化能及反应级数,两种方法计算结果一致,固－固相变温度和峰温与升温速度呈线性关系。     

相变潜热随温度变化对固-液相变过程的影响

对相变潜热随温度变化的变温固液相变过程进行了数值分析计算，重点分析了相变潜热随温度变化对相变过程的影响。结果表明，对于相变潜热随温度变化的相变过程，其主要影响因素仍然是Stefan数、相对导热系数、相对热扩散系数、相变温度宽度等基本无量纲数。尽管相变潜热随温度的变化会对相变过程造成一定的影响，但如果用相变温度范围内的平均潜热代替实际相变且视为常数，则可以较好地近似实际相变过程：由此不会给预测融化所需要的总时间带来明显的误差，而对温度分布的影响也很小，主要集中在液固过渡区内。     

非理想相变特性材料热性能简化分析方法及适用条件

采用焓法、分析了蓄能相变材料相变区比热特性性对其蓄换热性能的影响。该方法对潜热型蓄换热系统的热性能分析和计算是普适的。针对该方法较为复杂而理想相变材料（相变温度为一点）热特性的分析较为简单并有大量结果可供参考的特点，讨论了采用对理想相变材料适用的蓄换热性能分析方法和公式来计算相变温度为一个温度区间的非理想相变材料蓄换热特性的适用条件。所得结论拓宽了理想相变材料蓄换热性能分析方法及结果的适用范围。在很多情况下，大大简化了非理想相变材料蓄换性能的分析和计算，对各种蓄能相变换热器的设计和性能优化具有指导意义。     

固液相变蓄热技术的研究进展

综述了相变蓄热材料、相变传热问题求解方法、典型相变传热过程以及相变潜热蓄热系统(LHTES)优化设计及强化传热等诸多固液相变蓄热技术相关问题的研究进展情况     

Preparation and performance of form-stable polyethylene glycol/silicon dioxide composites as solid–liquid phase change materials

This work mainly involved the preparation and characterization of form-stable polyethylene glycol (PEG)/silicon dioxide (SiO₂) composite as a novel solid–liquid phase change material (PCM). In this study, the polyethylene glycol/silicon dioxide composites as form-stable, solid–liquid phase change material (PCM) was prepared. In this new material, the polyethylene glycol acts as the latent heat storage material and silicon dioxide serves as the supporting material, which provides structural strength and prevents the leakage of the melted polyethylene glycol. Results indicated that the composite remained solid when the weight percentage of silicon dioxide was higher than 15%. Moreover, the polyethylene glycol was observed to disperse into the network of the solid silicon dioxide by investigation of the structure of the composite PCMs using a scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The properties of the porous materials and phase change materials were characterized using Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope (FTIR). The transition process was observed using polarizing optical microscope (POM) and dynamic thermo mechanic analysis (DMA). The melting temperatures and latent heats of the form-stable PEG/SiO₂ composite PCMs were determined using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).     

泡沫铜内石蜡凝固的孔隙尺度实验研究

对泡沫铜内石蜡凝固相变进行孔隙尺度实验研究。采用高分辨率相机与红外热像仪对凝固过程相场与温度场进行可视化,并通过热电偶测量石蜡与泡沫铜骨架局部温度以获得相变过程热响应及热非平衡特性。揭示了泡沫铜孔隙内凝固相变中包括固液相界面移动、液态石蜡流动及石蜡体积收缩等多个物理过程。研究表明:在多物理过程交互影响下,泡沫铜可高效扩展凝固相界面、提升样品热响应速率,采用孔隙率为0.974的泡沫铜可将石蜡凝固相变速率提升至2.8倍;泡沫铜能有效避免石蜡凝固过程由体积收缩引起的裂缝问题,消除由其引起的热阻;石蜡与泡沫铜骨架间存在局部热非平衡性,且在相变阶段尤为明显。     

氯化铵水溶液定向凝固实验的传热分析

选用类合金NH4Cl-H2O二元溶液进行垂直定向凝固实验研究,再现过共晶合金结晶过程,测量记录凝固过程中的温度场和固、液相界面位置;重点分析了两相区的传热特性,包括局部热流和释放潜热,并尝试用实验数据与数值计算相结合的方法确定两相区局部固相分数与温度的关系曲线。研究表明:在结晶过程中,各点温度呈线性下降,局部热流在进入两相状态后达到峰值;各相区内温度梯度恒定,但相界面附近温度梯度变化显著。两相区凝固过程中,先期潜热释放总量大,总凝固分数大,两相区厚度迅速增长;随后总凝固分数随相界面迅速上移而急剧下降,经历准稳态过程后再缓慢上升。溶液沿凝固方向分层,NH4Cl质量分数逐渐增大,相应结晶温度逐渐升高。     

Structure and thermal properties of expanded graphite/paraffin composite phase change material

Different contents of expanded graphite (EG) composite phase change material (PCM) were prepared by the melt mixing method, taking paraffin as the PCM and EG as the supporting material. Phase compositions of EG, paraffin, and EG/paraffin composite were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Microstructures of EG and EG/paraffin composite PCMs with different EG contents were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thermal properties, such as phase-transition temperature and latent heat of the materials, were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Mass loss and thermal properties after 100 heating cycles were measured. The results show that physical absorption exists between paraffin and EG. EG is beneficial for the PCM composite to reduce leakage of paraffin, decrease the phase change temperature and latent heat, and strengthen the thermal stability. The solid–liquid phase change latent heat of materials is larger than that of the solid–solid one. The heating cycle has little effect on the phase-transition temperature and latent heat.     

Synthesis of solid–solid phase change material for thermal energy storage by crosslinking of polyethylene glycol with poly (glycidyl methacrylate)

Polyethylene glycol (PEG10000)/poly (glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) crosslinked copolymer as a novel solid–solid phase change material (SSPCM) was successfully synthesized through the ring-opening crosslinking reaction of end-carboxyl groups in carboxyl polyethylene glycol (CPEG) and epoxy groups in PGMA. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG) were employed to study the chemical structure, crystalline properties, phase transition behaviors and the thermal stability of the copolymer, respectively. The results from WAXD patterns and POM images show that the crystalline form of the copolymer is similar with that of pure PEG, and the PEG soft segment phase transition between crystalline and amorphous states results in heat storage and release of the copolymer. Due to the crosslinking network restricted the free movement of the soft segments, at temperature above the PEG phase melting transition, the copolymer was still solid. The DSC results indicate that the copolymer imparts balanced and reversible phase change behaviors at the temperature range of 25–60 °C, and it has high latent heat storage capacity of more than 70 J/g. The TG results suggest that the copolymer had a much broader applicable temperature range compared with pure PEG.     

Heat transfer analysis of phase change process in a finned-tube thermal energy storage system using artificial neural network

In this study, a feed-forward back-propagation artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm is proposed for heat transfer analysis of phase change process in a finned-tube, latent heat thermal energy storage system. Heat storage through phase change material (PCM) around the finned tube is experimentally studied. A numerical study is performed to investigate the effect of fin and flow parameter by the solving governing equations for the heat transfer fluid, pipe wall and phase change material. Learning process is applied to correlate the total heat stored in different fin types of tubes, various Reynolds numbers and different inlet temperatures. A number of hidden numbers of ANN are trained for the best output prediction of the heat storage. The predicted total heat storage values obtained by an ANN model with extensive sets of non-training experimental data are then compared with experimental measurements and numerical results. The trained ANN model with an absolute mean relative error of 5.58% shows good performance to predict the total amount of heat stored. The ANN results are found to be more accurate than the numerical model results. The present study using ANN approach for heat transfer analysis in phase change heat storage process appears to be significant for practical thermal energy storage applications.     

癸酸-棕榈酸二元复合相变材料的相变特性研究

通过熔融共混法制备一系列二元脂肪酸复合相变材料,并利用步冷曲线法确定癸酸-棕榈酸(CA-PA)二元复合相变材料的最佳质量配比为86∶14,其共晶温度为22.1℃。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、冷热加速循环实验和瞬态平面热源法(TPS)等研究CA-PA复合相变材料的结构与性能,发现CA-PA的FT-IR曲线上同时存在CA和PA的特征吸收峰,表明CA与PA是通过分子力作用在一起的。然后对CA-PA进行400次5~80℃冷热加速循环后,发现其相变温度变化不大于0.5℃,可见CA-PA热稳定性良好,且导热系数为0.151 W/(m·K)。同时,根据差示扫描量热仪(DSC)分析得到CA-PA的相变温度和相变潜热分别为21.78℃和154.7 J/g,这与通过步冷曲线得到的共晶温度十分符合,因此该CA-PA复合相变材料适用于建筑节能和热回收领域。