3Cr2W8V钢压铸模具断裂分析

3Cr2W8V钢压铸模具在压铸了几件铝件后发生断裂失效,采用化学成分分析、宏观检验、金相检验和断口分析等方法,对3Cr2W8V钢压铸模具的断裂原因进行了分析。结果表明：模具材料在断裂处的显微组织不均匀,存在大颗粒状碳化物或集中分布的未溶碳化物是造成模具断裂的直接原因。     

铸铝模具失效分析

某厂铸铝用壳体模具在使用过程中经常发生早期断裂，断裂部位多出现在壳体上部。采用能谱分析、金相检验和硬度测试等方法?对模具的断裂原因进行了分析。结果表明，该零件材料中存在较多的呈带状分布大块未熔碳化物是导致模具断裂的主要原因。     

法兰密封螺栓断裂失效分析

通过宏观检验、化学成分分析、拉伸试验、硬度试验、金相检验、断口分析等方法对某批20Cr13钢法兰密封螺栓断裂失效原因进行了分析。结果表明:由于淬火加热温度偏低造成该法兰密封螺栓显微组织中存在大量颗粒状碳化物,部分区域还存在大量带状未溶铁素体,致使该处产生应力集中,并造成螺栓的强度偏低、硬度分散度大,组织存在严重的不均匀性,当螺栓承受正常的工作载荷时,就会在应力集中的法兰密封螺栓螺纹根部沿着铁素体带产生裂纹并疲劳扩展,最终导致螺栓断裂失效。     

3Cr2W8V钢模具加工开裂失效分析

采用宏观、金相及电子探针等检验方法,对3Cr2W8V钢模具线切割加工过程中开裂原因进行了检验分析.结果表明,组织中存在较多带状及聚集状碳化物(形成碳化物偏析)及回火不充分,残余奥氏体继续转变为马氏体所产生的组织应力是导致模具开裂的原因.     

压铸模开裂原因分析

某厂压铸模在使用2035次后发现裂纹,采用扫描电镜、金相显微镜、化学分析及硬度测定等方法对模具开裂原因进行分析,发现模具用材料有质量问题,材料的化学成分不均匀,组织呈带状分布以及碳化物液析及非金属夹杂不正常等因素,致使该模具产生附加内应力,当模具在冷热循环及机械循环的环境下服役时,在型腔表面的拐角处应力集中部位率先产生裂纹源,再加上型腔表面脱碳等缺陷降低材料的疲劳强度,使微裂纹得以迅速扩展,最终导致模具早期热机械疲劳失效.     

Cr12钢水胀模具底座断裂原因分析

Cr12钢水胀型模具底座在使用过程中发生批量断裂,采用宏观检验、化学成分分析、金相检验、断口分析、硬度测试等方法对该批模具底座断裂的原因进行了分析。结果表明:该批模具底座断裂为沿晶脆性断裂;断裂的主要原因为模具材料碳含量超标,且锻造不充分导致共晶碳化物粗大且呈严重网状聚集分布,造成应力集中,在内应力和外力的共同作用下模具底座产生裂纹并迅速扩展而断裂。     

给水泵轴断裂失效分析

采用断口分析、金相检验、力学性能测试和化学成分分析等方法，对服役10多天便发生断裂的给水泵轴进行了失效分析。结果表明，断口宏观上有明显的贝纹线花样，贝纹区面积较小，而瞬断区面积很大，其微观形态主要为疲劳辉纹，因此泵轴的断裂属早期疲劳断裂。而材料的显微组织中存在较多的呈带状分布的δ-铁素体和残余奥氏体，使材料强度偏低，这是引起泵轴早期断裂的主要原因。     

S136钢模具早期开裂原因分析

S136钢模具在使用过程中发生早期开裂失效,采用宏观观察、化学成分分析、扫描电镜分析、能谱分析、金相检验等方法对该模具的失效原因进行了分析。结果表明:大件模具开裂的主要原因是,由于内孔电加工脉冲电流过大,内孔边缘产生严重的淬火变质层,造成表面拉向应力开裂;同时基体组织中存在网状碳化物,降低材料强度和韧性,加大模具内孔开裂倾向及裂纹扩展进程。小件模具开裂的主要原因是,由于模具凹槽部位倒角半径过小,应力集中显著增大,在工作载荷的作用下,形成应力集中而开裂。     

某泥浆泵35CrMo钢被动轴断裂失效分析

某泥浆泵动力端35CrMo钢被动轴在工作过程中发生断裂失效。通过宏观观察、化学成分分析、力学性能测试、扫描电镜分析、金相检验、夹杂物和疏松缺陷分析等方法对被动轴断裂失效原因进行了分析。结果表明:泥浆泵动力端被动轴心部存在大量的枝晶组织、夹杂物与孔隙疏松等缺陷及不均匀组织,这显著降低了被动轴的力学性能,这是造成被动轴过载脆性断裂失效的主要原因。     

大型支承辊置裂原因分析

大型支承辊在放置时自然断裂，采用化学分析、金相检验和扫描电镜等手段对断裂支承辊进行了套料取样分析，结果表明．辊身心部较高的内应力和在带状碳化物中存在严重的网状碳化物是造成大型支承辊置裂的主要原因。     

Effect of strain rate on fracture of U-5.5Nb alloy

The microstructure and tensile properties of an aged U-5.5?wt-% Nb alloy have been experimentally investigated with the aim of obtaining the influence of strain rates on fracture behaviour. The result shows that strain to failure is sensitive to strain rate and decreases with an increase in the strain rate. Fracture surface analysis indicates that the alloy exhibits a typical ductile fracture. Two types of carbides (niobium carbide and uranium carbide), mainly distributed at the grain boundary, are confirmed, which participate in the process of fracture and are involved in different void nucleation mechanisms during the final ductility fracture. Namely, niobium carbide tends to generate voids by debonding with the matrix, while uranium carbide is more likely to experience cracking.     

硬质合金磁头壳体拉伸模质量分析

通过化学成分、显微组织及断口分析等试验方法，对进口及国产硬质合金磁头壳体拉伸模，进行了质量分析，探讨了国产硬质合金模具发生早期失效的原因．结果表明：该拉伸冲头继裂的住质属疲劳断裂．本文对改进国产硬质合金的冶金质量及模具的合理选材提出建议．     

变速箱二轴的断裂分析

汽车变速箱二轴在工作中发生多起断裂事故。采用金相检验、扫描电镜和化学成分分析等手段，对断裂变速箱二轴进行了检验分析。结果表明，轴的断口具有明显的疲劳特征，疲劳源位于二轴花键槽根部。由于渗碳淬火工艺不当，在二轴花键槽根部的组织中产生了网状碳化物和粗大的针状马氏体，在外力作用下形成沿晶显微裂纹并扩展，是导致二轴疲劳断裂的主要原因。     

Failure Analysis of a Pellet-Mill Die

One of the most important parts for pellet-mills is the die, since the die transforms raw materials in small cylinders called pellets. In this paper, a failure analysis was conducted for a pellet-mill die that had not reached its service life expectancy. The failure analysis consist of a characterization of the material using atomic emission spectroscopy, hardness measurements, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy by SEM. Additionally, visual inspection and fractography of the fracture surfaces and FE analysis were performed. It was found that the die material was a CA40 alloy, which microstructure consists of a martensitic matrix with finely dispersed carbides of the type M₂₃C₆. Also, a non-common level of inclusion type Al₂O₃ was found on the microstructure of the die material. According to the fractographic analysis, the crack initiation was located in a high-stress concentration region on the counterbored holes of the die, and also aided by the inclusions on the structure. Crack propagated along the material as an intergranular brittle fracture.     

Interrupted cutting tests of cemented carbide tools coated by physical vapor deposition and chemical vapor deposition techniques

Refractory compound coatings prolong the life of cemented carbide inserts. The structure of these coatings is vastly different when the same coating is produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods. TiC and HfN coatings were applied to cemented carbide tools by both CVD and PVD processes. The coated inserts were tested under interrupted cutting conditions using slotted bar tests. The CVD-coated inserts failed after a few (less than 100) cycles whereas the PVD-coated inserts lasted well past 2000 cycles without failure as did the uncoated inserts. PVD coatings have a much greater fracture toughness than CVD coatings due to their very fine-grained microstructure with a distribution of fine cavities which act as crack stoppers. In contrast, CVD coatings have a fully dense microstructure with a large grain size which does not have much fracture toughness. Another reason for the difference in behavior is the much lower deposition temperature (about 500°C) used in the PVD process as compared with the much higher deposition temperature (about 1000°C) used in the CVD process. Chemical attack of the cemented carbide substrate occurs at high deposition temperatures, thus weakening the area near the coating-substrate interface.     

Effects of microstructure on the strain-controlled fatigue failure behavior of an aluminium-alloy/ceramic-particle composite

A study has been made to understand the cyclic fatigue and cyclic fracture characteristics of a cast aluminium alloy metal matrix discontinuously reinforced with particulate silicon carbide. The Al/SiC_p composite was strained to failure over a range of strain amplitudes giving lives of less than 10⁴ cycles to failure. The specimens were cycled by using tension-compression loading under total strain control. In the as-cast condition, the aluminum-alloy/ceramic composite displayed combinations of cyclic hardening and softening to failure at higher cyclic-strain amplitudes, and progressive softening to failure at low cyclic-strain amplitudes. The spray-atomized and deposited composite exhibited softening to failure at the higher cyclic-strain amplitudes and combinations of softening and hardening behavior at the lower strain amplitudes. The observed hardening and softening behavior is a mechanical effect and attributed to concurrent and competing influences of interactions between cyclic deformation and composite microstructure during cyclic straining. The processed microstructure exhibited better cyclic ductility and cyclic-strain resistance than the as-cast composite microstructure. The cyclic fatigue behavior of the alloy is briefly interpreted in the light of composite microstructural effects, plastic strain amplitude and concomitant response stress.     

SiCp／Al复合材料的微观结构与界面

对用压力铸造法制造的碳化硅颗粒增强铝合金（ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ）复合材料的微观结构和界面进行了研究。结果表明：碳化硅颗粒在复合材料中均匀分布，复合材料的基体中有较高的位错密度，碳化硅颗粒中有少量的层错。研究还发现ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料中界面结合良好，没有反应物生成，并且在界面处没有发现孔隙存在。在复合材料拉伸断口上没有发现裸露的碳化硅颗粒，说明在复合材料拉伸破坏时ＳｉＣｐ－Ａｌ界面没有开裂，反映了压铸ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料中良好的界面结合。     

SWRCH22A十字头螺钉断裂分析

SWRCH22A盘条生产的十字头螺钉在进行扭力和攻速测试时发生断裂。通过对盘条和螺钉的组织和断口进行分析,探讨了断裂的原因。结果表明:在螺钉生产的搓丝过程中形成的齿间严重表面裂纹是造成螺钉断裂的根本原因。此外,盘条冷镦前球化退火工艺不良造成表面严重脱碳并形成粗大铁素体,而后表面过度渗碳处理致使螺钉表层严重脆化,并在渗碳层下形成铁素体+马氏体过渡层组织和沿晶渗碳体,螺钉表面裂纹在最大剪切应力作用下通过沿晶断裂最终导致螺钉失效。     

乙二醇不锈钢蒸发器开裂原因分析

采用金相分析、断口微观分析以及腐蚀产物能谱分析等方法，对某石化公司乙二醇不锈钢蒸发器开裂原因进行了分析和研究。结果表明，由于材料在焊接过程中，焊接热影响区的组织受到敏化，铬的碳化物沿晶界呈网状析出，造成该区域贫铬，从而在应力与腐蚀介质的共同作用下，导致设备发生了晶问应力腐蚀开裂。     

塑料模具标准件顶杆用65MnV钢的组织分析

对新型塑料模具标准件顶杆用钢６５ＭｎＶ在淬火和氏温回火过程组织的变化进行了系统的研究。结果表明,６５ＭｎＶ钢的低温淬火组织为位错马氏体组织,随淬火温度的升高,淬火组织逐渐由针状与板条状马氏体的混合组织变成针状马氏体组织,马氏体组织的亚结构由位错型马氏体向孪晶马多体转变。钢在低温回火时析出与基体共格的弥散分布的须状ε碳化物,ε碳化物随回火温度的升高而发生转变,形成非共格的棒状渗碳体组织。