浙江省化工研究院生测安评中心(浙江长三角化学品安全评价有限公司)

<正>本中心成立于2008年,是目前全国规模最大、实力最雄厚的农药生测与安评机构之一,具有我国农业部授权的农药登记室内活性评价、田间药效试验、毒理学B级试验(GLP认可)等资质,主要从事新农药生物学研究和农药复配及剂型开发、农药登记室内活性与安全性评价试验、田间药效试验和毒理学试验、化肥与新化学物质登记毒理学试验、化学品毒性鉴定和生测和毒理技术咨询服务。现有研     

浙江省化工研究院生测安评中心(浙江长三角化学品安全评价有限公司)

<正>本中心成立于2008年,是目前全国规模最大、实力最雄厚的农药生测与安评机构之一,具有我国农业部授权的农药登记室内活性评价、田间药效试验、毒理学B级试验(GLP认可)等资质,主要从事新农药生物学研究和农药复配及剂型开发、农药登记室内活性与安全性评价试验、田间药效试验和毒理学试验、化肥与新化学物质登记毒理学试验、化学品毒性鉴定和生测和毒理技术咨询服务。现有研     

浙江省化工研究院生测安评中心(浙江长三角化学品安全评价有限公司)

<正>本中心成立于2008年,是目前全国规模最大、实力最雄厚的农药生测与安评机构之一,具有我国农业部授权的农药登记室内活性评价、田间药效试验、毒理学B级试验(GLP认可)等资质,主要从事新农药生物学研究和农药复配及剂型开发、农药登记室内活性与安全性评价试验、田间药效试验和毒理学试验、化肥与新化学物质登记毒理学试验、化学品毒性鉴定和生测和毒理技术咨询服务。现有研     

浙江省化工研究院生测安评中心(浙江长三角化学品安全评价有限公司)

<正>本中心成立于2008年,是目前全国规模最大、实力最雄厚的农药生测与安评机构之一。具有我国农业部授权的农药登记室内活性评价、田间药效试验、毒理学B级试验(GLP认可)等资质。主要从事新农药生物学研究和农药复配及剂型开发、农药登记室内活性与安全性评价试验、田间药效试验和毒理学试验、化肥与新化学物质登记毒理学试验、化学品毒性鉴定和生测和毒理技术咨询服务。现有研     

浙江省化工研究院生测安评中心(浙江长三角化学品安全评价有限公司)

<正>本中心成立于2008年,是目前全国规模最大、实力最雄厚的农药生测与安评机构之一,具有我国农业部授权的农药登记室内活性评价、田间药效试验、毒理学B级试验(GLP认可)等资质,主要从事新农药生物学研究和农药复配及剂型开发、农药登记室内活性与安全性评价试验、田间药效试验和毒理学试验、化肥与新化学物质登记毒理学试验、化学品毒性鉴定和生测和毒理技术咨询服务。现有研     

种群毒理学:对室内生测预测农药效果的建议

有关农药的多方面研究,包括构效关系研究、抗药性机制、遗传方式、比较毒力和代谢都离不开室内生测。由于变量在实验室条件下严格受到控制,因此以上述研究为目的的生物测定,其可靠性通常是靠大样方和多重复来保证。然而,为预测农药田间效果,室内生测尽管有很大改进,但一直尚存不足。使用大样方和多重复并不能保证这种预测的价值。     

浙江省化工研究院生测安评中心(浙江长三角化学品安全评价有限公司)

<正>本中心成立于2008年,是目前全国规模最大、实力最雄厚的农药生测与安评机构之一,具有我国农业部授权的农药登记室内活性评价、田间药效试验、毒理学B级试验(GLP认可)等资质,主要从事新农药生物学研究和农药复配及剂型开发、农药登记室内活性与安全性评价试验、田间药效试验和毒理学试验、化肥与新化学物质登记毒理学试验、化学品毒性鉴定和生测和毒理技术咨询服务。现有研究人员32人,其中博士4人、硕士8人,高级职称5人。具有良好的科研素养、互助合作的团队精神、严     

浙江省化工研究院生测安评中心(浙江长三角化学品安全评价有限公司)

<正>本中心成立于2008年,是目前全国规模最大、实力最雄厚的农药生测与安评机构之一,具有我国农业部授权的农药登记室内活性评价、田间药效试验、毒理学B级试验(GLP认可)等资质,主要从事新农药生物学研究和农药复配及剂型开发、农药登记室内活性与安全性评价试验、田间药效试验和毒理学试验、化肥与新化学物质登记毒理学试验、化学品毒性鉴定和生测和毒理技术咨询服务。现有研究人员32人,其中博士4人、硕士8人,高级职称5人。具有良好的科研素养、互助合作的团队精神、严     

工业和信息化部公示拟发布农药生产批准证书名单

2009年1月5日,农业部种植业管理司在北京主持召开了由农业部农药检定所组织起草的《农药室内生物测定试验准则杀菌剂第17部分：抑制玉米丝黑穗病菌试验 浑浊度-酶联板法》、《农药室内生物测定试验准则杀线虫剂第1部分：抑制植物病原线虫试验浸虫法》2项农业行业标准专家审定会。部种植业管理司农药管理处宁呜辉调研员主持了开幕式,对审定会提出了具体要求。部科技发展中心质量标准处王艳强调了标准审定工作应把握的主要原则。农业部农药检定所生测室张文君主任代表起草单位介绍了标准制定的有关情况。     

我国农药登记生测试验标准及评价体系初步确立

农药药剂效果评价是农药登记评价的重要环节,其评价依据主要来自室内生物活性测定和田间药效试验结果。而试验方法的统一、科学和规范是正确评价药剂效果的基础,为此,农业部农药检定所长期致力于农药药效试验方法及药剂评价方法的标准建设工作。自2000年以来,相继制定了农药田间药效试验准则、卫生杀虫剂室内效果评价、农药室内生     

氯虫苯甲酰胺室内毒力与田间防效相关性初步研究

以氯虫苯甲酰胺为主要研究对象,选择不同类型的对照药剂,室内以小菜蛾、甜菜夜蛾、二化螟等重要鳞翅目害虫为生测靶标,比较杀虫毒力;田间以小菜蛾、稻纵卷叶螟为防治对象,比较田间防效。初步研究了氯虫苯甲酰胺室内毒力与田间防效的相关性,为该类化合物的创制优化和进一步研发提供了有益参考。     

Optimal fractionation and bioassay plans for isolation of synergistic chemicals: The subtractive-combination method

Studies of chemical ecology of an organism are founded on the isolation and identification of a semiochemical, often comprised of two or more synergistic compounds (each Synergist alone has little activity, but presented together they are bioactive). Chromatographie fractionation and bioassay methods of binary splitting, additive combination, and subtractive combination are compared for efficiency in isolating synergists. Formulas are derived for the latter two methods that calculate the expected number of bioassay tests required for isolation of from two to five synergists from biological extracts with any number of compounds, depending on the number of initial (major) Chromatographic fractions. A computer program based on the formulas demonstrates the superiority of the subtractive-combination method. Simulations with the program were used to determine the optimal number of initial fractions for the additive- and subtractive-combination methods when isolating two to five synergists from extracts of from 25 to 1200 compounds. Methods of bioassay, isolation, identification, and field testing of semiochemicals are discussed.     

壳核型纳米颗粒的研究及生物应用

就壳核型纳米颗粒的制备、特性以及在生物分析中的应用情况进行了综述,并且对其发展中的一些问题和前景进行了展望.     

蔬菜中农药残留快速检测与色谱法检测结果的比较分析

对大量的蔬菜样品分别进行快速检测和色谱法检测,并对2种方法测定结果进行比较分析。结果表明快速检测结果存在假阴性和假阳性样品。快速检测方法检出限高是出现假阴性样品的主要原因,其中有机氯(OCs)超标而导致假阴性的几率远远小于有机磷(Ops)和氨基甲酸酯类农药,只占所有阴性样品的1.2%。     

Novel Bioassay Demonstrates Attraction of the White Potato Cyst Nematode Globodera Pallida (Stone) to Non-volatile and Volatile Host Plant Cues

Potato cyst nematodes (PCNs) are a major pest of solanaceous crops such as potatoes, tomatoes, and eggplants and have been widely studied over the last 30 years, with the majority of earlier studies focusing on the identification of natural hatching factors. As a novel approach, we focused instead on chemicals involved in nematode orientation towards its host plant. A new dual choice sand bioassay was designed to study nematode responses to potato root exudates (PRE). This bioassay, conducted together with a traditional hatching bioassay, showed that biologically active compounds that induce both hatching and attraction of PCNs can be collected by water extraction of incised potato roots. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that PCN also were attracted by potato root volatiles. Further work is needed to fully understand how PCNs use host plant chemical cues to orientate towards hosts. Nevertheless, the simple attraction assay used in this study provides an important tool for the identification of host-emitted attractants.     

Behavioral and electrophysiological studies with live larvae and larval rinses of the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Behavioral and electrophysiological studies with live intact larvae and larval rinses of the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren, give undeniable evidence of a volatile material associated with the larvae of the ant that is capable of eliciting a response from brood-tending workers. In a Y-tube bioassay, worker ants were attracted equally to an airstream blown over sibling larvae or heterocolonial larvae. Workers were also attracted to a rinse of the larvae in a spot bioassay, aggregated about a piece of surrogate brood in another bioassay, and retrieved surrogate brood treated with the rinse material. A dose-response curve constructed from electroantennograms of workers revealed a receptor response of 1–100 brood equivalents.     

A Novel Laboratory Screening Bioassay for Crop Seedling Allelopathy

Crops that control weeds by root exudation of allelochemicals are receiving increased attention, and there are efforts to breed allelopathic cultivars in several crops. The genetic improvement of allelopathic traits is based upon parental germ plasm with high allelopathic activity. Identification of allelopathic germplasm is done in laboratory screening bioassays, but experimental protocols are limited. We developed a fast and reliable laboratory screening bioassay for grain crops that includes dose-response considerations as an integral part of the experimental design. The bioassay was conducted in hydroponic culture, and a range of experiments with 2-(3H)-benzoxazolinone (BOA), an allelochemical of several grain crops, was carried out to define the basic protocol. Because of its sensitivity to BOA, Sinapis alba L. was selected as the receiver species. BOA affected growth (fresh weight and length of shoot and root), enzyme activities (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase), and chlorophyll fluorescence, whereby root length was the most reliable response parameter. BOA sensitivity was dependent on nutrients for all parameters measured, and, thus, no nutrients were added. A set of experiments with Secale cereale L. and Triticum aestivum L. as donor species was carried out to optimize the protocol. Light and pH were eliminated as primary causes for the observed inhibition. The proposed bioassay has several methodological advantages over current bioassays.     

噻虫啉对蚜虫杀虫活性及田间药效评价

采用农药生物测定标准操作程序(SOP)比较测定了噻虫啉和吡虫啉对蚜虫的毒力。室内生物测定结果表明,噻虫啉和吡虫啉对蚜虫有良好的杀虫活性,其毒力平均LC50分别为1.24mg/L和1.45mg/L。田间小区试验结果表明,噻虫啉对蚜虫表现出良好的防治效果,有效用量为3.36、6.72、10.08g/667m2时,药后1～10d的防治效果分别为85.82%～89.55%、89.25%～92.08%、92.43%～96.34%,好于剂量相当的吡虫啉的防治效果。     

磁性纳米粒子在生物学及医学领域的应用

磁性纳米粒子由于其生物相客性和低毒性而广泛应用于生物医学领域.阐述了近年来磁性纳米粒子在生物分离、生物检测、靶向药物输送、磁共振成像、肿瘤磁感应热疗等生物学和医学领域中的应用进展,并指出其主要发展方向和亟待解决的问题.     

Natural products phytotoxicity A bioassay suitable for small quantities of slightly water-soluble compounds

A large variety of secondary metabolites that can inhibit germination and/or seedling growth are produced by plants in low quantities. The objective of this study was to develop a bioassay capable of reliably assessing reductions in germination percentage and seedling length of small-seeded plant species caused by exposure to minute quantities of these compounds. The germination and growth of alfalfa (Medicago saliva), annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) were evaluated against six known phytotoxins from five chemical classes; cinmethylin (a herbicidal cineole derivative) was selected as a comparison standard. Each phytotoxin, dissolved in a suitable organic solvent, was placed on water-agar in small tissue culture wells. After the solvent evaporated, imbibed seeds were placed on the agar; after three days, germination percentages and seedling lengths were measured. Compared to a commonly used filter paper procedure, this modified agar bioassay required smaller quantities of compound per seed for comparable bioassay results. This bioassay also readily permitted the measurement of seedling length, a more sensitive indicator of phytotoxicity than germination. Seedling length decreased sigmoidally as the toxin concentration increased logarithmically. Phytotoxicity was a function of both compound and plant species. Cinmethylin, a grass herbicide, reduced the length of annual ryegrass seedlings by 90–100%, whereas that of alfalfa and velvetleaf was inhibited slightly. The agar bioassay facilitated the rapid and reliable testing of slightly water-soluble compounds, requiring only minute quantities of each compound to give reproducible results.The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned.