基于矩量法的分形环八木天线的特性分析

八木天线是一种常用的天线形式.本文将Minkowski分形环应用于八木天线设计中,利用分形结构的空间填充特性来减小天线的横向尺寸,从而实现天线小型化设计.设计了工作于880～960MHz的6元二阶Minkowski分形环八木天线,以矩量法为核心对设计天线进行数值分析,将线天线模拟为细带线模型,天线表面采用三角单元进行剖分,RwG基函数作为电流展开函数.同方环八木天线进行了比较,在驻波特性、辐射特性相似情况下,分形环八木天线的尺寸缩减了29.8%.     

用于雷电测向的三磁环天线设计和研究

为了克服正交磁环天线结构误差角造成的测向角度(测角)误差较大的问题,该文提出一种结构上改进的三磁环测向天线设计方案。阐述了两两呈60°夹角磁环嵌套结构的三磁环天线的测向原理,建立了三磁环天线测角误差关于结构误差角的仿真模型。仿真分析表明,在相同结构误差角的条件下,相比正交磁环天线,三磁环天线测角误差最大值理论上能够降低50%。低频(f<200 kHz)情况下的对比实验结果表明,相比于正交磁环天线,三磁环天线测角误差最大值降低65%,测角误差总体优化约50%,实验与仿真结果符合较好。     

半环天线仿真建模及其性能测试分析

半环天线是车载短波常用天线之一。利用HFSS仿真软件对半环天线进行了基础建模,对该天线的反射损耗曲线和4个不同频率点的方向图进行了仿真,分析了不同频率对方向图的影响。利用实测数据对比分析了半环天线和三环天线的通信性能,实验结果表明半环天线能有效克服短波通信中的近距离盲区。     

Development of a Cavity-Backed Broadband Circularly Polarized Slot/Strip Loop Antenna With a Simple Feeding Structure

A cavity-backed loop antenna is developed for producing broadband circularly polarized (CP) radiation. The antenna configuration consists of a slot loop and a strip loop. The slot loop radiates a CP wave at a lower frequency while the strip loop produces CP radiation at a higher frequency. A combination of the two frequencies leads to a bandwidth enhancement. The slot/strip loop antenna is fed by a single straight microstrip line. It is demonstrated that the cavity-backed slot/strip loop antenna can achieve an axial ratio (les 3 dB) bandwidth of 19% with good impedance matching. The antenna configuration is described and the operating principles for broadband circular polarization and impedance matching are analyzed. The antenna performance is confirmed by experimental results.     

一种小尺寸高效率加载小环天线的研究

对电抗元件加载的小环天线的工作原理、设计参数及其对电性能的影响进行了研究。电容加载感性小环可以极大地缩小天线尺寸及改善与馈电网络的匹配;镂空介质板、增加辐射次环和反射器是提高天线辐射性能的有效措施。通过综合运用以上措施和最优化设计,实现了一种尺寸较小且辐射效率较高的新型天线形式,并使用3D电磁仿真软件HFSS验证了该方案的可行性。     

共模环路闭合与开路的天线模型及其计算分析

应用矩量法计算了折线电天线、方形环天线和加载电容方形环天线的电流分布,计算结果表明:当加载电容的方形环天线所加载的电容很大或很小时,其电流分布分别与闭合环天线和开路折线电天线的电流分布相吻合;并在此基础上进一步计算和分析了不同频率下环路闭合与开路的天线辐射场,研究结果对分析电磁兼容共模辐射问题有一定的参考价值.     

低频补偿TEM喇叭天线的仿真与测试

以超宽带窄脉冲辐射为应用背景,通过添加补偿回路并调整回路的大小,设计了一种具有低频补偿的超宽带TEM喇叭天线.利用FDTD方法对天线结构进行了仿真,分析了不同补偿回路大小时TEM喇叭天线的S11参数、相位特性、辐射带宽及前后向辐射场等参数,得到了在大于400 MHz频带范围内S11参数低于-10 dB的天线结构.制作天线原型,并进行了实际测试,频域S11参数测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合.通过对时域波形的分析可知,该天线具有较高的波形保真度.     

复合材料垂尾隐蔽式短波天线研究

为研究复合材料垂尾对机载短波天线输入阻抗和辐射特性的影响,分析了不同机载隐蔽式短波天线的结构和性能,提出了一种基于复合材料垂尾的新型回线天线结构,并利用基于时域有限差分法的仿真软件XFDTD对这种位于机垂尾前缘的隐蔽式回线天线和传统的机载套筒天线分别进行了建模和仿真。根据仿真结果分析并总结出了复合材料垂尾对这两种机载短波天线输入阻抗和辐射特性的影响情况。通过与传统回线天线的比较,验证了新型回线天线的可行性和优势。仿真结果对实际机载短波天线的研究和设计有一定的参考价值。     

Investigation of circularly polarized loop antennas with a parasitic element for bandwidth enhancement

It is demonstrated that the bandwidth of circular polarization (CP) can be significantly increased when one more parasitic loop is added inside the original loop. A single-loop antenna has only one minimum axial ratio (AR) point while the two-loop antenna can create two minimum AR points. An appropriate combination of the two minimum AR points results in a significant enhancement for the CP bandwidth. A comprehensive study of the new type of broad-band circularly polarized antennas is presented. Several loop configurations, including a circular loop, a rhombic loop, and a dual rhombic loop with a series feed and a parallel feed, are investigated. The AR (/spl les/2 dB) bandwidth of the circular-loop antenna with a parasitic circular loop is found to be 20%, more than three times the AR bandwidth of a single loop. For the rhombic-loop antenna with a parasitic rhombic loop, an AR bandwidth (AR/spl les/2dB) of more than 40% can be achieved by changing the rhombus vertex angle. The AR (/spl les/2 dB) bandwidths of the series-fed and parallel-fed dual rhombic-loop antennas with a parasitic element are 30% and 50%, respectively. A broad-band balun is incorporated into the series-fed dual rhombic-loop antenna for impedance matching. The broad-band CP performance of the loop antennas is verified by experimental results.     

Low Profile Miniaturized Planar Antenna With Omnidirectional Vertically Polarized Radiation

A novel miniaturized cavity-backed composite slot loop antenna (CBCSLA) with low profile and omnidirectional radiation similar to a short dipole is presented. The antenna displays vertical polarization while having less than lambda/100 dimension in height. The geometry of the antenna is inspired from a small magnetic loop which is realized using a slot configuration on metallic ground. Since a small slot loop antenna cannot be impedance matched, a composite geometry is devised that acts like as a small slot loop and can easily be impedance matched using this configuration. The diameter of the CBCSLA can be made as small as lambda/10 or smaller. The feeding mechanism is designed in a manner to create a circumferentially-constant current distribution around the composite loop while effectively matching to a 50 Omega coaxial feed from the antenna center. Additional methods are discussed to further enhance the bandwidth and achieve a dual-band response. The antennas are designed, fabricated, and measured. It is shown that despite their small lateral dimension and extremely small height, the miniaturized cavity-backed slot loop features extremely well input impedance match, uniform radiation pattern, low cross-polarization levels and expected gain.     

计算圆环天线的麦克斯韦电路理论

本文以麦克斯韦电路理论为基础对圆环天线加以分析,得到圆环天线的表面电流分布.经比对发现本文计算结果与矩量法计算结果一致,证明了本文方法的有效性和正确性.通过对圆环天线二阶MC方程的深入研究,得到了圆环天线表面电流的解析表达式,该式适于计算任意大小圆环天线的表面电流分布.本文成果对求解复杂电磁结构问题具有一定参考意义.     

The shunt-driven circular loop antenna

The distribution of current, admittance, and far field of a shunt-driven circular loop antenna are derived and related to those of an equivalent series-driven loop in parallel with a section of transmission line. The effective length of a shunt-loaded receiving antenna is obtained in terms of the corresponding quantity for the series-loaded loop.     

Planar circular loop antennas with self-biased magnetic film loading

A circular loop antenna with self-biased magnetic film loading at 1.7 GHz is presented. The proposed circular loop antenna is realised by cascading a microstrip loop and a tuning stub. Self-biased NiCo-ferrite magnetic films were used to tune the working frequency of the loop antenna. Three different cases of antennas with films loading were designed and analysed. Antennas with self-biased magnetic films loading working at 1.7 GHz with a tuning range of 50-400% of the antenna bandwidth were achieved.     

车载动中通天线多环路伺服的正割补偿

在车载动中通卫星通信系统中,为了隔离天线载体姿态变化对天线指向的扰动,天线伺服环路常采用陀螺稳定外套自跟踪环路和引导位置环路的多环路设计。对于采用A-E轴系座架卫星通信动中通天线,天线座A轴的运动与天线指向在H面的运动之间存在一个正割关系,因此在环路设计时需要进行正割补偿。通过传递函数结构图分析,详细论述了在不同位置引入正割补偿对伺服环路的影响,确定了正割补偿设置方案。     

On the radiation patterns of parasitic loop counterpoise antennas

The radiation properties of parasitic loop counterpoise antennas are investigated in detail. It is found that the parasitic loop concept can be used advantageously to reduce considerably the undesirable effects produced in loop counterpoise antenna patterns due to the counterpoise edge diffraction effects. Results of extensive numerical and experimental investigation of various aspects of the parasitic loop counterpoise antenna patterns are reported. The method of design of such antennas is also discussed. Three such new antennas are proposed which appear to be capable of bringing out superior performance from the present-day VOR system.     

Analysis of a printed wire loop antenna

The current distribution and radiation pattern of a printed thin-wire circular loop antenna are computed rigorously using an entire-domain moment method analysis. A computationally efficient algorithm using the FFT is implemented. The input impedance of the loop and the far-zone radiation pattern are computed as a function of the substrate dielectric constant and thickness and as a function of the loop circumference. The space-wave launching efficiency and z-directed power gain of the antenna are also computed as a function of the substrate thickness     

一种CPS馈电的宽带圆极化双菱环天线

提出了一种新型的双菱环形天线,通过在双菱环内添加寄生环来提高天线的圆极化带宽,每个环上槽口的位置决定天线的圆极化特性。双菱环和寄生双菱环分别在低频和高频处产生圆极化波,从而使天线的圆极化带宽增加,3 dB圆极化带宽达到了24.1%,在圆极化频带内增益为10 dB以上。为了测量天线性能,设计了共面带状线到微带线的转换巴伦,因为巴伦和天线在同一个平面内,所以对天线的性能产生了一点影响。     

Theory of a corner-driven loop antenna immersed in a warm plasma

A linearized hydrodynamic theory and potential function technique arc used to formulate the theory of a corner-driven loop antenna immersed in a warm plasma. The theory explains some of the experimental observations obtained from impedance measurement of a loop antenna on the Ariel 3 satellite. The far-zone fields and the normalized radiated power for different antenna sizes are calculated. The results suggest that much of the radiated energy is radiated in longitudinal plasma waves     

Electromagnetic characteristics of superquadric wire loop antennas

The analysis of antenna configurations in the form of a generalized superquadric loop, which includes circular, elliptical and rectangular loop geometries, is presented in this paper. Use of a Galerkin form of the moment method with piecewise sinusoidal subsectional basis and testing functions provides rapid numerical convergence and accurate representation of the antenna current. A convenient parametric representation for the superquadric curve is developed to allow a subsectional formulation using curved wire segments, rather than the commonly employed piecewise linear segments, to construct the geometry. Both magnetic frill and delta gap source models are implemented to allow a detailed study of input impedance, directivity, radiation pattern and current distribution as a function of various geometrical parameters. The results are shown to compare well with previous results for the special case of a circular loop antenna. Some useful curves are presented to aid in the design of practical superquadric loop antennas     

Method of moments analysis of EM fields in a multilayered spheroid radiated by a thin circular loop antenna

This paper presents derivation and computation of electromagnetic (EM) fields inside a dielectric prolate spheroid radiated by a loop antenna. The dielectric spheroid is considered to be multilayered, and a thin circular loop antenna that is loaded by a voltage source radiates on the top of the prolate spheroid. The multiple interaction of transmitted and reflected waves with the spheroid is characterized by applying the method of moments (MoM) to both the circular loop antenna wire and the stratified spheroidal interfaces. The dyadic Green's function in the expansion form of eigenvector wave functions is used to derive the EM fields, so the formulation is quite compact. Different basis and weighting functions are used inside the method of moments procedure for obtaining in an efficient way the unknown current distributions along the antenna wire and the unknown expansion coefficients of their resulted EM fields. Current distributions and the transmitted fields inside the spheroidal model are computed numerically and the convergence issues are discussed.