反应性紫外线吸收剂研究进展

对纺织品进行功能整理是提高其附加值的重要环节,反应性紫外线吸收剂可有效改善纺织品的紫外线防护能力。针对现有反应性紫外线吸收剂的国内外发展现状和趋势,详细介绍了二苯甲酮类、苯并三唑类、三嗪类、受阻胺类及其他类反应性紫外线吸收剂的制备过程和应用情况,并对它们的应用前景进行了展望。     

新型紫外线吸收剂三嗪的合成

三聚氯氰与间二甲苯于50℃反应36 h,再与间苯二酚于110℃反应4 h,合成三嗪类紫外线吸收剂。讨论了反应温度、时间及反应物配比对反应的影响。与苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂TINU-VIN 326的应用比较发现,三嗪类紫外线吸收剂具有优良的紫外线吸收性,且具有良好的热稳定性和加工稳定性能。     

一种均三嗪类紫外线吸收剂UV-1577的合成及表征

以溴苯、镁粉和三聚氯氰为原料,经过格氏反应,合成了2－氯-4,6－二（2’,4’－二苯基）－1,3,5－均三嗪（Ⅰ）,化合物Ⅰ在无水三氯化铝作用下再与间苯二酚发生Friedel-Craft反应,得到了2－（2’,4’－二羟基苯）-4,6-二（2″,4″-二苯基）-1,3,5-均三嗪（Ⅱ）,化合物Ⅱ在碱性条件下与1-氯正己烷缩合得到紫外线吸收剂UV－1577,即2－（2L羟基－4’－己氧基苯基）－4,6－二苯基－1,3,5－均三嗪,总收率为32．6％。同时讨论了反应温度、反应时间及反应物摩尔比对反应产物收率的影响;并对紫外线吸收剂UV-1577及其中间体用IR、^1HNMR进行了结构表征,对UV－1577的紫外线吸收性能作了初步的分析。     

化妆品防晒剂的研究进展及其安全性问题(待续)

从分子结构特点、光稳定性、应用性能以及安全性等方面综述了已被欧盟化妆品及非食品科学委员会、美国食品及药品管理局、日本厚生省以及中国卫生部批淮使用的化妆品用紫外线吸收剂。对全球近期在该领域的主要研究开发方向进行了综述和分析。三嗪类及苯三唑类衍生物因其优越的光稳定性和安全性仍然是两类研究活跃的化妆品用紫外线吸收剂。尽管高分子类紫外线吸收剂无疑是将来的主力，但要通过美国食品及药品管理局的批淮仍需时日。     

新型紫外线吸收剂

紫外线吸收剂可防护染料、塑料等材料免受日光辐射、热或湿度的影响而导致损坏。现有的紫外线吸收剂(例如二苯甲酮、羟基苯三嗪、苄基丙二酸衍生物和苯并噻唑等)只能吸收长波紫外线。它们存在下列一种或数种缺点;     

紫外线吸收剂“三嗪五”在涂料中的应用

紫外线吸收剂对油漆涂层老化性能的影响,我们在1972年开始进行探索性试验,并且于1974年进行了小结(参阅老化通讯1974.№4.1—9页)。结果表明,在能收集到的紫外线吸收剂的各品种中,以三嗪五对提高油漆涂层耐候性,效果最显著,为此,去年我们又组织了一批样板,专门考核三嗪五对油漆涂层老化性能的影响,情况小结如下:     

新型紫外线吸收剂—三嗪-5

三嗪-5是一种新型高效紫外线吸收剂,是目前紫外线吸收剂中吸收能力强和抗氧性能好的一个新品种,原料立足国内,并具有产品成本低,合成工艺简单等优点。主要用于聚氯乙烯农业薄膜、工程塑料、乳胶及清漆涂料等方面。其主要组分为2、4、6-三(2′-羟基-4′-丁氧基苯基)1、3、5一三嗪和2、4-二(2′-羟基-4′-丁氧基苯基)6-(2″、4″-二羟基苯基)1、3、5-三嗪组成的混合物。在太原化工研究所进行三嗪系紫外线吸收     

三嗪型紫外线吸收剂的合成及性能

用格氏试剂偶联法合成了4个有代表性的三嗪型紫外线吸收剂:2,4-双(2,4-二羟基苯基)-6-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(2,4-二羟基苯基)-6-苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪和2,4,6-三(2,4-二羟基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪,测定了它们的紫外光谱。其中,2,4-双(2,4-二羟基苯基)-6-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪在UVB和UVA都有较强吸收,εmax=36000L/(mol.cm)(λmax=313nm),εmax=36333L/(mol.cm)(λmax=344nm),是其中最好的紫外线吸收剂。     

协同增效与全效防晒化妆品

本文从添加UVB致伤性紫外线吸收剂、UVA致黑性紫外线吸收剂、UVAB全波段紫外线吸收剂、还原已晒黑黑色素、抑制酪氨酸酶、剥脱沉积色素死皮、成膜、抗过敏与刺激、保湿、增效SPF与PFA值、抗自由基与光老化、晒后修复、紫外线屏蔽、内皮素拮抗和赋活肌肤细胞等十五个方面介绍了协同增效与全效防晒化妆品的开发。     

紫外线吸收剂技术动态

本文介绍了紫外线吸收剂近年在新产品开发及合成技术上的进展     

Surface Properties of Squalene/Meibum Films and NMR Confirmation of Squalene in Tears

Squalene (SQ) possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities (antioxidant, drug carrier, detoxifier, hydrating, emollient) that can be of benefit to the ocular surface. It can come in contact with human meibum (hMGS; the most abundant component of the tear film lipid layer) as an endogenous tear lipid or from exogenous sources as eyelid sebum or pharmaceuticals. The aims of this study were to determine (i) if SQ is in tear lipids and (ii) its influence on the surface properties of hMGS films. Heteronuclear single quantum correlation NMR confirmed 7 mol % SQ in Schirmer’s strips extracts. The properties of SQ/hMGS pseudo-binary films at the air/water interface were studied with Langmuir surface balance, stress-relaxation dilatational rheology and Brewster angle microscopy. SQ does not possess surfactant properties. When mixed with hMGS squalene (i) localized over the layers’ thinner regions and (ii) did not affect the film pressure at high compression. Therefore, tear SQ is unlikely to instigate dry eye, and SQ can be used as a safe and “inert” ingredient in formulations to protect against dry eye. The layering of SQ over the thinner film regions in addition to its pharmacological properties could contribute to the protection of the ocular surface.     

额仁淖尔凹陷巴彦花群层序地层学特征研究

以层序地层学理论为基础,综合利用地震、测井和钻井资料对额仁淖尔凹陷在下白垩统巴彦花群地层的层序地层学进行分析。通过对层序界面的识别和划分,认为额仁淖尔凹陷巴彦花群地层可划分为五个三级层序:SQ1、SQ2、SQ3、SQ4、SQ5。基于此,在各三级层序内部进行体系域划分及层序地层格架的建立,SQ1和SQ3为四元层序,低位体系域、水进体系域、高位体系域和湖退体系域发育完整;SQ2为缺乏高位体系域的三元层序;SQ4为二元层序,下部为水进体系域、上部为高位体系域;SQ5仅发育湖退体系域。     

Effects of oil-droplet diameter on the stability of squalene oil in spray-dried powder

ABSTRACT

Effects of the oil-droplet diameter and emulsification with polymerized sodium caseinate (PNC) on the stability of squalene oil (SQ) retention in spray-dried powder were investigated. The SQ droplet diameter significantly affected the stability of the oil in spray-dried powders. The degradation behavior of SQ powders at 105°C was correlated using the Avrami equation. This oxidation mechanism may occur because of the propagative transfer of radical oxidation between oil-droplet particles. SQ emulsified with 5?wt% PNC and small oil droplets had better oxidative stability when compared with 3?wt% sodium caseinate.     

自由基照相的光显影研究

非银盐感光材料与卤化银感光材料相比具有很高的分辨力,但灵敏度较低,限制了它的应用范围。因此,如何提高非银盐感光材料的灵敏度一直是非常活跃的研究领域。Sprague和Fotland对红光显影及其机理进行了研究。本文研究了无色结晶紫(LCV),四濞化碳(CBr_4),和2-(对-二甲胺基苯乙烯基)-喹啉(2SQ)自由基照相体系的红光显影,主要研究了各组分浓度,自由基产生剂,2SQ衍生物对红光显影的影响。 2SQ参照文献[4]合成。4-(对-二甲胺基苯-1,3-丁二烯基)-喹啉(4SBQ)和4-(间-硝基苯乙烯基)-喹啉(4SNQ)由日本感光色素研究所赠送。三溴甲基苯砜(TBMS)由北京     

Effects of administration of hypolipidemic agent, 2,2′″-[(1-methyl-4,4-diphenylbutylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)] bistriethylamine oxalate (SQ 10,591) upon cholesterol esterification by aorta,adrenal, and testes of cholesterol-fed rabbits

Administration of 2,2′″-([1-methyl-4,4-diphenylbutylidene] bis(p-phenyleneoxy]) bistriethylamine oxalate (SQ 10,591) at 20 mg/Kg daily for 5 days to cholesterol-fed rabbits resulted in no change in aortic microsomal cholesterol esterification with a palmitoyl coenzyme A substrate or of aortic mitochondrial cholesterol esterification with a palmitate substrate. Esterification by both reactions in the adrenal was much higher than in either aorta or testes. Adrenal and testicular mitochondrial esterification and testicular microsomal esterification were inhibited significantly after SQ 10,591 administration. In vitro addition of 0.0001 M SQ 10,591 significantly inhibited both microsomal and mitochondrial cholesterol esterification in aorta, adrenal, and testes.     

A single-step isolation of squalene from olive oil deodorizer distillates by using centrifugal partition chromatography

High added-value squalene (SQ) was purified in one step from olive oil deodorizer distillates (OODD) using preparative centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) method, operating in the dual mode. The fractionation was performed using a non-aqueous biphasic solvent system consisting of heptane–acetonitrile–butanol (1.8:1.4:0.7, v/v/v), leading to the isolation of the target compound in 4 hours, using a preparative 1L column. Furthermore, a fast UHPLC-DAD method was developed and applied for the identification and quantification of SQ in both OODD and purified form. The content of SQ in the initial material was 23.4%, while the purity of the isolated SQ was 95.5%. The recovery of SQ was calculated at 76.3%. The productivity of the process was calculated at 234 mg/h/L.     

牛粪中高温纤维素降解菌的性能研究

对从牛粪中分离出来的高温单孢菌(Thermomonospora sp.)SQ3菌株的生物学特征进行了研究,包括菌种生化鉴定培养和产纤维素酶及其培养条件等的研究。降解纤维素结果显示SQ3在纤维素刚果红培养基上4天可见明显的分解纤维素透明圈。产酶条件研究显示:SQ3在发酵时间5天,发酵温度55℃,pH7.0～8.0,尿素氮源,玉米秸秆碳源的条件下产CMC酶性能最佳,在发酵8天时,产FPA酶达到最高峰值。     

Chitosan gel beads as drug carriers 2. Release of 8-hydroxy-7-iodoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid and 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid

It is shown that chitosan gel beads are suitable carriers of 8-hydroxy-7-iodoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (SQ) and 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid (DHBSA) - substances applied in medicine. Drug release has been investigated with respect to the nature of the crosslinking agent (epichlorohydrin or glutaraldehyde) and pH of the medium. Considerable differences in the release rate of DHBSA and SQ have been found. The total amount of the desorbed SQ, as well as the release rate of the drug depends on pH of the medium - they decrease from alkaline to acidic medium. The antimicrobial and antimycotic activity of the loaded with SQ beads is demonstrated.     

Alleviation of Osmotic Stress Effects by Exogenous Application of Salicylic or Abscisic Acid on Wheat Seedlings

The aim of the study was to assess the role of salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) in osmotic stress tolerance of wheat seedlings. This was accomplished by determining the impact of the acids applied exogenously on seedlings grown under osmotic stress in hydroponics. The investigation was unique in its comprehensiveness, examining changes under osmotic stress and other conditions, and testing a number of parameters simultaneously. In both drought susceptible (SQ1) and drought resistant (CS) wheat cultivars, significant physiological and biochemical changes were observed upon the addition of SA (0.05 mM) or ABA (0.1 μM) to solutions containing half-strength Hoagland medium and PEG 6000 (−0.75 MPa). The most noticeable result of supplementing SA or ABA to the medium (PEG + SA and PEG + ABA) was a decrease in the length of leaves and roots in both cultivars. While PEG treatment reduced gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll content in CS, and osmotic potential, and conversely, increased lipid peroxidation, soluble carbohydrates in SQ1, proline content in both cultivars and total antioxidants activity in SQ1, PEG + SA or PEG + ABA did not change the values of these parameters. Furthermore, PEG caused a two-fold increase of endogenous ABA content in SQ1 and a four-fold increase in CS. PEG + ABA increased endogenous ABA only in SQ1, whereas PEG + SA caused a greater increase of ABA content in both cultivars compared to PEG. In PEG-treated plants growing until the harvest, a greater decrease of yield components was observed in SQ1 than in CS. PEG + SA, and particularly PEG + ABA, caused a greater increase of these yield parameters in CS compared to SQ1. In conclusion, SA and ABA ameliorate, particularly in the tolerant wheat cultivar, the harmful effects and after effects of osmotic stress induced by PEG in hydroponics through better osmotic adjustment achieved by an increase in proline and carbohydrate content as well as by an increase in antioxidant activity.     

Oxidative stability of polyunsaturated fatty acids: effect of squalene

The propensity of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to undergo oxidation plays an important role in the integrity of biological membrane and lipid containing foods. The ability of squalene (SQ), a naturally occurring dehydrotriterpene present in animal and plant tissues, to protect linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids against temperature‐dependent autoxidation and UVA (ultraviolet A, 320‐380 nm) mediated oxidation was assessed. The oxidation of PUFAs was protected in varying degrees, with highest protection observed for linolenic, arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids. Linoleic acid was less protected. At a molar ratio of 7:1 (PUFA:SQ) the inhibition of the oxidation process was 22% in the presence of linoleic acid and about 50% in presence of the other PUFAs tested. The different protection exerted by SQ against PUFAs with different degrees of unsaturation may be accounted for by the higher stability of octadecadienoic acid hydroperoxide isomers compared with respective PUFA hydroperoxides. Observing mild UVA‐mediated oxidation and the temperature‐dependent autoxidation reactions we found similarities in the oxidation pattern and the protection exerted by SQ. These findings suggest that the reaction of autoxidation is predominant and SQ acts mainly as peroxyl radical scavenger.