三种聚合物光纤γ射线辐照光谱特性实验研究

分析了聚合物光纤在辐照环境下的物理化学变化，实验研究了聚甲基丙烯酸甲脂（PMMA）.聚碳酸脂（PC）、聚苯乙烯（PS）三种光纤在不同剂量的γ射线辐照下的辐照损伤效应，测量了三种聚合物光纤在可见光波段的辐照光谱。测量结果表明，光纤的辐照损伤和恢复都有波长相关性，在0.1kGy和1kGy辐照剂量时，三种光纤的透过率光谱趋势类似，整个可见光波段透过率光谱都较平坦；在5kGy和10kGy辐照剂量时，测得的辐照光谱在不同波长段出现峰值，辐照剂量越高剂量率越大，光谱的峰值效果越明显，透过率起伏越多，透过率峰值也向长波段偏移     

3种聚合物光纤γ射线辐照光谱特性实验研究

为了比较3种聚合物光纤在γ射线辐照下的辐照损伤特性的不同,通过分析3种聚合物光纤在辐照环境下的物理化学变化,并测量了聚甲基丙烯酸甲脂、聚碳酸脂、聚苯乙烯3种光纤在不同剂量γ射线辐照下可见光波段的辐照光谱,得到3种光纤辐照损伤特性的定量结果。在0.1kGy和1kGy辐照剂量时,3种光纤的透过率光谱趋势类似,整个可见光波段透过率光谱都较平坦;在5kGy和10kGy辐照剂量时,测得的辐照光谱在不同波长段出现峰值,辐照剂量越高,剂量率越大,光谱的峰值效果越明显,透过率起伏越多,透过率峰值也向长波段偏移。结果表明,光纤的辐照损伤和恢复都有波长相关性,这对核辐照环境下使用塑料光纤有很好的参考作用。     

PMMA塑料光纤辐照特性的实验研究

理论分析了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）塑料光纤受辐照后物理与化学性能的变化,并对2组塑料光纤样品进行了辐照前后光谱特性的研究及对比实验。分析了包层掺有PbO及纤芯材料特别提纯的塑料光纤以及一般塑料光纤的耐辐照特性和光谱恢复特性,发现纤芯的纯度及外包层的材料对塑料光纤的耐辐照特性具有很大的影响,这为耐辐照塑料光纤的研制提供了依据。     

星载高速跨阻放大器电离总剂量效应研究

为得到卫星搭载的高速跨阻运算放大器在星载环境中长时间工作后的性能变化情况,对3款增益带宽积大于1GHz的高速跨阻放大器芯片关键特征参数的电离总剂量损伤特性及变化规律进行了试验研究。辐照试验在⁶⁰Co γ射线源上采用高温加速评估的方法完成,辐照到放大器芯片上的剂量率为0.3~0.5Gy(Si)/s。分析了放大器芯片输出偏置、输出噪声和带宽等关键电参数在辐照前后及高温(85℃±6℃)退火前后的特性,讨论了引起电参数变化的机理。结果表明,经过两轮150Gy(Si)剂量辐照及高温退火后,放大器芯片的输出偏置和输出噪声水平无明显变化,时域脉冲响应正常,-3dB带宽减小了3%左右。带宽为3款高速跨阻放大器芯片的辐射敏感参数,其变化与电离辐射在SiO₂/Si界面引起正电荷建立和界面态直接相关。辐照后的芯片仍然能够满足高带宽测试情况下的需求,150Gy(Si)为电参数和功能合格的累积剂量。     

SiGe HBT 60Co γ辐照总剂量效应

测量了SiGe HBT直流增益在60Coγ辐照过程中随剂量及器件电流注入水平的变化。实验结果显示在累计辐照剂量超过5 000 Gy(Si)后,器件电流增益变化与辐照剂量存在线性反比关系,且增益损伤系数与器件电流注入水平有关;器件在受到总剂量为2.78×104Gy(Si)辐照后,器件静态基极电流Ib、集电极电流Ic、静态直流增益及最大振荡频率fmax出现不同程度退化;但器件其他电参数如截止频率fT、交流增益|H21|及结电容(CCBO)与辐照前相比未出现显著退化。利用MEDICI数值模拟分析了SiGe HBT参数退化机理。     

辐照光纤的主动恢复效应

在辐照环境下,光纤的光传输特性因辐照引起的缺陷及色心的形成而恶化,光纤的抗辐照性能直接影响其在辐照环境下的应用。而光纤本身在形成色心的同时,存在着光、热等褪色恢复效应,且光褪色与光纤中传输光有关,光功率越强,波长越短,褪色效果越明显。利用该特点,人为的向光纤中注入短波长强光,可增强光褪色效果,减少光纤因辐照产生的损耗量,实现光纤辐照损耗的主动恢复,保偏光纤在辐照下的光褪色实验给出了有力的证明。据此提出了主动恢复效应和基于该效应利用两个光源主动增强光纤抗辐照性能的设计方法,并对其实际应用价值进行了探讨。     

光纤放大器辐照损伤光致退火实验研究

针对辐照环境下光纤放大器输出性能的退化问题,对光纤放大器进行了辐照损伤后的光致退火实验研究.首先,介绍了辐射对光纤放大器的影响,在总辐照剂量约为280 krad时进行了辐照实验,获知辐射会引起输出功率、光信噪比分别下降7 dB、18 dB;然后,根据光致退火机理,进行了光纤放大器光致退火实验.实验结果表明:光致退火降低...     

双极线性稳压器(LM317)的电离总剂量效应及剂量率的影响

对一款双极集成、三端线性稳压器LM317进行了不同偏置、不同剂量率条件下的电离辐射效应及室温退火特性研究。研究结果表明:器件输出电压、输入输出压差等敏感参数在电离辐射环境下发生了不同程度的变化,且在零偏偏置辐照下的变化比工作偏置辐照下的变化大;在零偏偏置条件,总剂量相同时低剂量率辐照下的损伤明显大于高剂量率辐照,表现出低剂量率损伤增强效应;在工作偏置条件,高剂量率辐照下的损伤大于低剂量率辐照下的损伤,但随后的退火实验中恢复到低剂量率辐照损伤水平,表现出时间相关效应。对稳压器辐射敏感参数的影响因素和不同偏置下的剂量率影响进行了分析和讨论。     

InAs/GaSb II类超晶格长波红外探测器的实时γ辐照效应

研究了InAs/GaSb Ⅱ类超晶格长波探测器的γ辐照效应.在~(60)Co源γ辐照下器件的电流—电压(I-V)特性并未随辐照剂量的增大而发生显著的变化,100 krad(Si)辐照剂量下的零偏阻抗相较辐照前的减小率仅为3.4%,表明该探测器具有很好的抗辐照性能.结合不同辐照剂量下的实时I-V特性曲线和辐照停止后器件电流随时间的演化情况,对辐照所带来的器件性能的损伤以及微观损伤机理进行了分析.发现零偏压和小反向偏压下,辐照开始后电流即有明显增大,辐照损伤以暂态的电离效应为主导,器件性能可以在很短时间内恢复.而大反向偏压下器件暗电流的主导机制为直接隧穿电流,辐照所引入位移效应的影响使得暗电流随辐照剂量增大而减小,损伤需通过退火效应缓慢恢复,弛豫时间明显长于电离效应损伤.     

γ辐照对InGaAsP/InP双异质结发光管特性的影响

本文研究了γ辐照对光通信用1.3μm InGaAsP/InP双异质结发光管特性的影响,结果表明:在辐照剂量1×10~5—1×10~7rad范围内,辐照前后器件的光功率和电带宽未发生明显变化;当辐照剂量>1×10~7rad后,器件的光功率下降,电带宽上升。器件在辐照前后的l-V特性和EL图象未发生变化。用少子寿命的变化度(τ/τ_0)讨论了有关结果。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.