板形控制技术探讨

介绍带钢板形控制技术，比较其特点及应用情况，总结板形控制技术及理论成果；展望板形控制技术的发展方向，为进一步促进该技术的研究提供参考。     

热连轧精轧宽度控制技术的研究及应用

在热轧带钢其他尺寸精度普遍较高的情况下,宽度控制精度的提升变得越来越重要。提出了一种新的精轧带钢宽度控制综合解决方案：针对带钢头部宽度控制,开发精轧机架冲击速降自学习模型,以减少带钢头部拉窄现象;通过合理配置精轧活套张力稳定因子,减少带钢中部宽度波动现象;通过精轧宽度反馈控制和宽展预测模型修正功能,提高带钢全长宽度精度。相关研究成果已成功应用于宝钢集团某热轧产线三电自主集成改造项目中,改造后带钢宽度控制精度得到显著提高。     

Roll wear on finishing trains of ASP1700 hot strip mills

A great deal of research and practical production indicated that a perfect shape control system needs a precise prediction model of roll wear. According to the practical wear curve of work roll in Angang ASP1700 hot strip mill, which was measured by a roll-profilemeter, the model of wear curve caused by one single strip was estabfished. The prediction of work-roll wear was achieved by combining Fortran language and practical technology parameters. The calculated results agreed well with the measured.     

Improvement on strip flatness of cold temper mills by modifying roll contour shape

A study on roll gap profile (strip profile) control was accomplished in a 1700 mm single-stand temper mill. Some critical problems such as the deviation of work roll contour caused by grinding and wear, the effectiveness of work roll bending were discussed. Using a finite element model, the effects of roll contours (ground and wear) on strip profile were investigated. The roll bending effect on strip thickness was also analyzed. It is pointed out that there are some special features of flatness control in the temper mill: during temper rolling, roll deformation is slight due to small rolling load, and the loaded roll gap profile mainly depends on work roll contour, while the backup roll has a little effect on gap crown; the effect of bending force on gauge can not be ignored due to the coupling between flatness control and gauge control. A new roll contour arrangement adaptable to the mill was presented and has been put into practical production. The application of the new set of rolls showed some good results: larger crown control range of work roll bender, higher rolling stability, better strip profile and flatness quality.     

有高温相变的电工钢热轧起浪的有限元分析

针对电工钢自由规程轧制过程起浪问题,开展电工钢不同冷却条件下的连续冷却相变转变温度分析测定和Gleeble热模拟实验,发现电工钢在975~875℃的奥氏体-铁素体两相区,随着轧制温度降低,变形抗力反而减小;电工钢大量同宽自由规程轧制下的工作辊出现严重的不均匀的箱型磨损和明显的热胀,综合辊形变化显著.考虑电工钢两相区变形抗力差异和综合辊形变化,建立电工钢热轧过程轧辊轧件的三维弹塑性耦合有限元模型,仿真分析轧制力、弯辊与窜辊对承载辊缝形状的影响,研究摩擦系数、压下量与轧制速度对带钢宽度方向内应力变化规律的影响,采用Shohet板形判据确定电工钢比例凸度残差变化路径,明确电工钢在"平坦死区"较大的上游机架出现"异常起浪"的生成过程.该方法为电工钢热轧板形的浪形控制提供了依据.     

Strip shape control capability of hot wide strip rolling mills

The elasticity deformation of rolls was analyzed by means of two-dimensional finite element method （FEM） with variable thickness. Three typical mills were used as objects for analysis. A thorough study was done on the control capabilities of these mills on the strip shape. Then the strip shape control capabilities of the three mills was compared synthetically. 2008 University of Science and Technology Beijing. All rights reserved.     

热连轧带钢负荷分配法的进展

综述了热连轧带钢生产中负荷分配方法的发展,阐明了各种分配方法的优缺点,为热连轧精轧机组合理分配各机架的压下量提供了参考,并叙述了热连轧负荷分配的发展方向。     

Dynamic characteristics of cold rolling mill and strip based on flatness and thickness control in rolling process简

The dynamic model of cold rolling mill based on strip flatness and thickness integrated control was proposed,containing the following sub-models：the rolling process model,the dynamic model of rolls along axial direction,and the compensation model.Based on the rule of volume flow rate,the dynamic rolling process model was built.The work roll and backup roll were taken as elastic continuous bodies,the effect of shear and moment of inertia were taken into consideration,and then the dynamic model of rolls was built.The two models were coupled together,and the dynamic model of rolling mill was built.In the dynamic model,the thermal expansion of the rolls,the wear of the rolls and other related parameters can not be considered.In order to compensate the dynamic model,the coupled static model of rolls and strip was applied.Then,according to the inner relationship of these models,the dynamic model and the compensation model were coupled,and the dynamic model of rolling mill based on the strip flatness and thickness integrated control was built.The dynamic simulation of the rolling process was made,and the dynamic thickness and the dynamic flatness information were obtained.This model not only provides a theory basis for the virtual rolling,but also provides a platform for the application of advanced control theory.     

热轧带钢终轧温度控制模型的应用研究

为了适应加速轧制时高精度终轧温度控制的要求,在机架间冷却单元的基础上开发了在线自适应、前馈与反馈相结合的在线终轧温度控制模型,并现场测试了机架间冷却阀门的开度和流量曲线。结果表明,该模型对于提高终轧温度控制精度是有效的。     

Analysis of the thermal profile of work rolls in the hot strip rolling process

A 2-dimension axisymmetric model was developed by the finite-difference method, which can be used to predict the transient temperature field and thermal profile of work rolls in the hot strip rolling process. To demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of the solution developed, the calculation results were compared with the production data of a 1700 mm hot strip rolling mill and good agreement was found between them. The effect of strip width and roll shifting on the thermal expansion of the work rolls was studied.It is found that the strip width has marked effect on the efficient thermal crown. Initially, when the rolling strip changes from narrow to wide, a bigger efficient thermal crown can be quickly achieved; afterwards, when the rolling strip changes from wide to narrow,not only the influence of uneven wear can be reduced but also the excessive efficient thermal crown can be avoided. It is also found that the work roll shifting has a determinate but not obvious effect on the reduction of the efficient thermal crown, and will make the strip shape unstable without being used properly.     

冷轧带钢板形测量信号的有效补偿处理方法

针对冷轧带钢板形测量信号的补偿处理问题,通过数学模型分析和仿真验证的方法进行了研究和优化设计.所提出的板形测量信号补偿处理方法可以有效消除外界因素对测量信号产生的影响,为板形控制系统提供高精度的板形信号以用于提高板形控制精度,满足高精度板形控制的需要.仿真研究验证了该测量信号补偿方法的有效性和先进性.     

Work roll thermal contour prediction model of nonoriented electrical steel sheets in hot strip mills

The demands for profile and flatness of nonoriented electrical steels are becoming more and more severe. The temperature field and thermal contour of work rolls are the key factors that affect the profile and flatness control in the finishing trains of the hot rolling. A theoretic mathematical model was built by a two-dimensional finite difference to calculate the temperature field and thermal contour at any time within the entire rolling campaign in the hot rolling process. To improve the calculating speed and precision, some special solutions were introduced, including the development of this model, the simplification of boundary conditions, the computation of heat transfer coefficient, and the narrower mesh along the edge of the strip. The effects of rolling pace and work roll shifting on the temperature field and thermal contour of work rolls in the hot rolling process were demonstrated. The calculated results of the prediction model are in good agreement with the measured ones and can be applied to guiding profile and flatness control of nonoriented electrical steel sheets in hot strip mills.     

马钢CSP工厂板凸度及平直度控制技术

板材特别是薄板的板凸度及平直度控制是CSP工厂中要求最高也是最复杂的控制技术之一,重点介绍了从德国西门子公司引进的热轧卷板板凸度及平直度控制技术的系统组成、原理、算法及计算模型.     

Comprehensive contour prediction model of work rolls in hot wide strip mill

The predictive calculation of comprehensive contour of work rolls in the on-line strip shape control model during hot rolling consists of two important parts of wear contour calculation and thermal contour calculation, which have a direct influence on the ac- curacy of shape control. A statistical wear model and a finite difference thermal contour model of work rolls were described. The comprehensive contour is the equivalence treatment of the sum of grinding, wear, and thermal contours. This comprehensive contour calculation model has been applied successfully in the real on-line strip shape control model. Its high precision has been proved through the large amounts of actual roll profile measurements and theoretical analyses. The hit rates (percent of shape index satisfying re- quirement) of crown and head flatness of the strips rolled, by using the shape control model, which includes the comprehensive contour calculation model, have about 16% and 10% increase respectively, compared to those of strips rolled by using manual operation.     

Study and application of crown feedback control in hot strip rolling

Crown feedback control is one part of the automatic shape control （ASC） system. On the basis of large simulation researches conducted, a linear crown feedback control model was put forward and applied in actual strip rolling. According to its successful op- eration in the ASP 1700 hot strip mill of Angang Group for one year and also from the statistical results of several crown measurements, it can be definitely said that this control model is highly effective and shows stable performance. The control effectiveness of different gauges of strips with the feedback control is found to increase by 10%-30% compared with that without feedback control.     

Advanced run-out table cooling technology based on ultra fast cooling and laminar cooling in hot strip mill

In order to meet the severe requirements of market and reduce production costs of high quality steels, advanced run-out table cooling based on ultra fast cooling (UFC) and laminar cooling (LC) was proposed and applied to industrial production. Cooling mechanism of UFC and LC was introduced first, and then the control system and control models were described. By using UFC and LC, low-cost Q345B strips had been produced in a large scale, and industrial trials of producing low-cost dual phase strips were completed successfully. Application results show that the ultra fast cooling is uniform along the strip width and length, and does not affect the flatness of strips. The run-out table cooling system runs stably with a high precision, and makes it possible for the user to develop more high quality steels with low costs.     

热连轧带钢层流冷却过程温度场模拟

轧后冷却过程中,卷取温度对带钢最终的微观组织和力学性能有重要影响。针对带钢轧后的层流冷却过程,分别采用有限差分法和有限元法,建立了带钢厚度方向的温度场模型,并将模型计算值与实测值进行对比。结果表明,两种方法建立的模型均能较准确地反映层流冷却过程中带钢的瞬态温度分布,为进一步分析带钢的微观组织转变和力学性能提供了依据。     

精轧张力系统的仿真与试验

针对传统的活套控制中带钢张力及活套角度波动问题,提出了张力加权控制和状态反馈控制方法。张力加权控制是将恒张力和恒力矩控制结合在一起,活套电流的给定值为两者的加权。采用张力加权控制后,带钢张力和活套角度波动减少。试验证明该方法能够在不改变现有硬件设备的条件下改善精轧张力控制系统的控制性能。状态反馈控制采用状态反馈加输入变换的策略,可实现活套角度和机架间张力的解耦,获得更加理想的系统控制性能。     

Backup roll contour in finishing trains of hot rolling based on hybrid genetic algorithm

On the basis of integrating two-dimensional varying thickness finite element method with hybrid genetic algorthm,a precise model was developed to design ideal backup roll contour(Varying Contact Backup Roll,inshort VCR) in finishing trains of hot rolling rapidly and efficaciously,Additionally,a lot of good actual effects of VCR,such as evident improvement of profile and flatness of strip,remarkable decrease of roll consume,excellent maneuverability and maintenance,and so on,were validated by long-tem industrial tests in hot rolling strip plant of Wuhan Iron and Steel Group Corporation(WISCO).     

Application of simulated annealing algorithm to improve work roll wear model in plate mills

Employing Simulated Annealing Alorithm(SAA) and many mesured data,a calculation model of work roll wear was built in the 2800mm 4-high mill of Wuhan Iron and Stell(Group)Co.(WISCO).The model was a semi-theory practical formula,Its pattern and magnitude were still hardly defined with classical optimization methods.But the problem could be resolved by SAA.It was pretty high precision to predict the values for the wear profiles of work roll in a rolling unit.After one-year application,the results show that the model is feasible in engineering,and it can be applied to predict the wear profiles of work roll in other mills.