新目标英语八年级(下)Unit 1知识要点归纳

<正>【重点词组或短语】1.hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶3.see a dentist看牙医5.get an X-ray拍X光片7.take one’s temperature量体温9.put some medicine on...在……上敷药11.feel very hot感到很热13.sound like听起来像15.all weekend整个周末17.in the same way以同样的方式19.go to a doctor看医生21.go along沿着……走23.on the side of the road在路边25.shout for help大声呼救27.without thinking twice没有多想29.get off下车     

新目标英语八年级(下)Unit 1知识要点归纳

<正>【重点词组或短语】1.hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶3.see a dentist看牙医5.get an X-ray拍X光片7.take one’s temperature量体温9.put some medicine on...在……上敷药11.feel very hot感到很热13.sound like听起来像15.all weekend整个周末17.in the same way以同样的方式19.go to a doctor看医生21.go along沿着……走     

天然纤维茶室,日本

正位处京都左京区著名的世界文化遗址鸭川神社之中,天然纤维茶室是一个用白线交织而成,1.8米长的立方体茶道馆。结构每个优雅的表面都要由人手逐针逐线交织而成,加上精巧的手工、精确的技术,才能做成这间茶室。设计团队的目标是传达精致手工工艺的重要性和可贵。Situated at the famed World Heritage site of Kyoto’s Shimogamo jinja,the open weave is a 1.8 meter cubic tea ceremony room weaved in white thread.The     

冠词不同,意义有别

<正>1.in front of在……(外)的前面VS in the front of 在……(内)的前面There’s a garden in front of the classroom.教室(外)的前面有一个花园。There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.教室(内)的前方有块黑板。2.in charge of掌管,负责VS in the charge of在……负责之下An experienced worker is in charge of the project.一位经验丰富的工人负责这个项目。The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.这个项目由一位经验丰富的工人来负责。     

Stability of roadways in coalmines alias rock mechanics in practice

This paper describes the procedures for design of supports and stabilization measures in the roadways.The procedures are based on the system developed in Ostrava-Karvina coal basin in Czech Republic.The calculation of load bearing capacity of roadway supports contains the period of roadway construction and mining in the vicinities,based on the size of the natural rock arch.The loading of supports during mining comes from a stress wave in the rock mass in the forefront of coalface and the caving area of mined-out panel.The input data for the calculation method are deduced according to in-situ measurements of convergence and displacement in the roadways.     

Mining seismicity in the Witwatersrand Basin:monitoring, mechanisms and mitigation strategies in perspective

The Kaapvaal Craton in South Africa hosts one of the largest gold placer deposits in the world. Mining in the Witwatersrand Basin here has been the source of about one third to one half of the gold ever produced in the world. Gold was discovered in the Johannesburg area in 1886 and after 120 years of continuous operation, mining is currently approaching depths of 4 000 m. In spite of the challenges and risks that the industry has had to deal with including rock temperature, ventilation and water, one of the most feared hazards in the basin has been the threat from the ongoing occurrence of seismicity and rockbursts. The problem first manifested itself by way of the occurrence of tremors roughly twenty years after the commencement of mining operations. This paper traces the history of the approach to rockbursts and seismicity during the 120 year history of mining in the basin. It portrays a picture of the mining seismicity in terms of monitoring phases, mechanisms and mitigation strategies. The work of research organizations over the years is highlighted with a brief mention of current regulation strategies on the part of the mining inspectorate.     

Determination of the Scale of Damage in the Wastewater Tunnels Due to Earthquake： A Case Study

The pre-determination of the effect of earthquake in subsurface structures is gaining importance increasingly. One of the main factors in determination of the damages due to earthquakes in subsurface structures, especially tunnels are horizontal acceleration value. The aim of the study is to put forward the scale of damage due to earthquake in a wastewater tunnel in Istanbul, the most populated city of Turkey, under construction. Possible damage caused by earthquake will be determined by utilizing the information about the route of the wastewater tunnel analyzed in the study.     

Cyclic behavior of reinforced sand under principal stress rotation

Although the cyclic rotation of the principal stress direction is important,its effect on the deformation behavior and dynamic properties of the reinforced soil has not been reported to date.Tests carried out on large-scale hollow cylinder samples reveal that the cyclic rotation of the principal stress direction results in significant variations of strain components(ε_z,ε_r,ε_θ and γ_(zθ)) with periodic characteristics despite the deviatoric stress being constant during tests.This oscillation can be related to the corresponding variations in the stress components and the anisotropic fabric that rotate continuously along the principal stress direction.Sand under rotation appears to develop a plastic strain.Similar trends are observed for reinforced sand,but the shear interaction,the interlocking between particles and reinforcement layer,and the confinement result in significant reductions in the induced strains and associated irrecoverable plastic strains.Most of the strains occur in the first cycle,and as the number of cycles increases,the presence of strains becomes very small,which is almost insignificant.This indicates that the soil has reached anisotropic critical state(ACS),where a stable structure is formed after continuous orientation,realignment and rearrangement of the particles accompanied with increasing cyclic rotation.Rotation in the range of 60°-135° produces more induced strains even in the presence of the reinforcement,when compared with other ranges.This relates to the extension mode of the test in this range in which σ_θσ_z and to the relative approach between the mobilized plane and the weakest horizontal plane.Reinforcement results in an increase in shear modulus while it appears to have no effect on the damping ratio.Continuous cycles of rotation result in an increase in shear modulus and lower damping ratio due to the densification that causes a decrease in shear strain and less dissipation of energy.     

Analysis of mechanical behavior of soft rocks and stability control in deep tunnels

Due to the weakness in mechanical properties of chlorite schist and the high in situ stress in Jinping II hydropower station, the rock mass surrounding the diversion tunnels located in chlorite schist was observed with extremely large deformations. This may significantly increase the risk of tunnel instability during excavation. In order to assess the stability of the diversion tunnels laboratory tests were carried out in association with the petrophysical properties, mechanical behaviors and waterlweakening properties of chlorite schist. The continuous deformation of surrounding rock mass, the destruction of the support structure and a large-scale collapse induced by the weak chlorite schist and high in situ stress were analyzed. The distributions of compressive deformation in the excavation zone with large deformations were also studied. In this regard, two reinforcement schemes for the excavation of diversion tunnel bottom section were proposed accordingly. This study could offer theoretical basis for deed tunnel construction in similar geological condition~