白炭黑在合成橡胶中的应用研究进展

介绍白炭黑在合成橡胶单一胶种体系和并用胶体系中的应用,以及白炭黑与其他填料或补强剂并用在合成橡胶中的应用研究进展。指出今后应该进一步加强白炭黑补强机理及其影响因素的理论研究,降低生产成本,扩大应用范围;重点加强白炭黑与其他补强剂并用对合成橡胶性能影响的应用研究。     

纤维补强弹性体复合材料在水中加速老化的比较研究

<正>柔性复合材料如纤维补强弹性体的柔性复合材料广泛用于汽车轮胎以及同步传输带,近来发现也创新地用于水中如充气坝、船以及各种水下工程领域。在这些应用领域基胶通常采用合成橡胶,用玻璃纤维补强。因为这些材料要在水中应用数年,因此必须保证耐水性。但是这些材料的长期耐水性并没有得到很好的理解。事实上关于热固性复合材料的耐海水老化已进行了广泛研究,但是针对由添加很少量橡胶的热塑性基胶制成的弹性复合材料的研究极少,对于纤维补强纯     

石墨烯/聚氨酯复合热界面材料的制备与性能研究

采用原位聚合法,分别以氧化石墨烯(GO)和多层石墨烯为填料,制备了石墨烯/聚氨酯(PU)复合热界面材料。对比了两种石墨烯对聚氨酯弹性材料的补强作用,研究了GO用量对GO/PU复合材料力学性能、导热性能和热稳定性的影响。结果表明:在相同用量下,氧化石墨烯对聚氨酯弹性材料的补强作用好于多层石墨烯; GO质量分数为1. 5%时,复合材料的力学性能最佳,导热系数和热失重5%时的热分解温度达到最大。     

石墨烯材料在重金属废水吸附净化中的应用

石墨烯材料具有较大的比表面积、良好的化学稳定性,近年来在环境污染物深度吸附处理方面的应用逐渐引起了人们的关注。本文综述了石墨烯材料在重金属离子的吸附处理方面的研究进展,包括普通石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、功能化石墨烯以及石墨烯复合物等材料;讨论了石墨烯表面功能化修饰对重金属离子吸附性能的影响;分析了各种材料的优点与缺点;提出了需进一步研究的问题,如石墨烯表面功能化修饰的结构-性能关系、石墨烯材料的循环使用以及石墨烯材料对痕量重金属离子的富集灵敏度等问题,指出合成选择性好、富集灵敏度高且可多次循环使用的石墨烯材料,在重金属废水的深度处理中将得到进一步应用。     

石墨烯基复合材料在新能源转换与存储领域的应用现状、 关键问题及展望

石墨烯具有独特的二维结构、较大的理论比表面积、高载流子迁移率、高杨氏模量以及高热导率等特性,一直以来被视为新能源转换与存储领域的潜在应用材料。这些优势使其可以与一种或多种高活性的无机/有机材料通过共价键/非共价键进行复合,并通过协同效应来改善材料自身的缺陷,实现材料的性能最优化,进而拓展了其应用范围。因此,如何设计并合成具有一定功能作用的石墨烯基复合材料,构筑新型石墨烯结构,满足能源及其相关领域对于材料相关性质的要求,成为石墨烯材料领域的研究热点方向之一。本文综述了近年来石墨烯基复合材料的设计思路及该类材料在新能源转换与存储领域上的应用现状,并对其在各领域存在的关键问题进行了总结。最后,对石墨烯在各领域今后的研究和发展方向进行了展望。     

炭黑在橡胶和塑料中的应用

炭黑是橡胶、特别是合成橡胶的补强剂,塑料的着色剂、紫外线防护剂和抗静电剂,还是合成纤维、油墨、涂料和静电复印机墨粉的着色材料,因此可以说,炭黑是聚合物的一种十分重要的添加剂和改性材料。本文将对炭黑在橡胶和塑料中的应用以及中橡集团炭黑工业研究设计院开发和生产的专用炭黑品种作一简要介绍,供有关应用工作者参考。一、炭黑在橡胶中的应用１．炭黑对橡胶的补强作用在橡胶中,尤其是合成橡胶中添加炭黑,可以显著增强硫化胶的定伸应力、断裂强度、抗撕裂性能和耐磨性能,延长橡胶制品的使用寿命,配合量通常为４０～８０份（…     

北化大研制出新型橡胶补强剂

近日，一种以粉煤炭为主体材料的新型橡胶补强剂(XRF)由北京化工大学研制成功，并已在北京橡胶二厂生产的制品中应用。经过大量实验证明，新型橡胶补强剂(XRF)在天然橡胶、合成橡胶(丁苯橡胶、丁腈橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、氯丁橡胶等)中的应用性能完全达到了同等替代半补强炭黑的水平(半补强炭黑的全国年用量为40万t)。     

碳纳米管在合成橡胶中的应用研究进展

碳纳米管独特的结构使其具有超高的强度、极大的韧性、独特的导电和导热等性能,作为增强材料在橡胶工业中具有重要的应用。介绍碳纳米管单独使用增强丁苯橡胶、乙丙橡胶、丁腈橡胶以及聚异戊二烯橡胶等单一胶种以及增强多种橡胶或者与其他补强材料并用的应用研究进展,指出今后应继续探索碳纳米管的改性方法,提高碳纳米管在橡胶基体中的分散性,增强其与橡胶基体之间的相互作用;进一步探讨碳纳米管与其他助剂的协同作用机理,完善碳纳米管/合成橡胶复合材料的制备技术。     

煤基石墨烯及复合材料在储能领域的应用

石墨烯及复合材料具有比表面积大、电导率高、导热性能和力学性能良好等优点,在电极材料、传感器、储氢材料等领域具有广泛的应用。但以高碳含量的天然资源煤为前体制备煤基石墨烯及复合材料达到煤炭清洁高效利用的研究目前报道有限,尤其是将其作为电极材料应用到储能领域的研究较少。本文重点总结了以不同煤质及衍生物为原料构建不同形貌和结构的煤基石墨烯及复合材料的方法以及存在的问题,详细介绍了煤基石墨烯及复合材料在储能领域,尤其是超级电容器、锂离子电池及钠离子电池领域的应用研究现状,最后提出了当前煤基石墨烯及复合材料的主要研究方向。该综述旨在为煤基新型石墨烯及复合材料的制备开发以及在储能领域的应用提供一定的思路。     

新兴材料石墨烯的制备和应用研究进展

石墨烯作为一种二维原子晶体,自发现以来便引发了科学界的广泛关注,量产石墨烯材料已取得了一系列重要进展。这种单原子厚度的碳结构材料拥有许多独特的性质,例如高力学强度、高电导率、导热率以及不能透过气体等,这也引发了大量石墨烯应用研究。本文综述了石墨烯性质及制备方法的最新研究进展,并分析了相关应用研究的可行性。     

Graphene/carbon black/natural rubber composites prepared by a wet compounding and latex mixing process

The extensively used latex mixing approach to prepare graphene can improve the graphene dispersion but meets some challenges in the preparation of high content carbon black filled rubber system like a rubber tire. Owing to the high melt viscosity of the rubber/graphene masterbatch, the dispersion of carbon black is not perfect during twin-roll mixing and some aggregates will be formed. Here we proposed a wet compounding process, combined with ultrasonically assisted latex mixing, named as the WCL method to prepare reduced graphene oxide/carbon black/natural rubber (rGO/CB/NR) composites. The morphological observations confirmed that both graphene and carbon black can be evenly dispersed in the rubber composites. The incorporation of rGO also improves the hardness, thermal conductivity and anti-aging properties of the composites. The rGO/CB/NR composites prepared by the WCL method possess better mechanical properties compared to conventional latex mixing. The entanglement-bound rubber tube model was utilised to understand the reinforcing mechanism.     

Electrically and thermally conductive elastomer/graphene nanocomposites by solution mixing

The greatest challenge in developing polymer/graphene nanocomposites is to prevent graphene layers stacking; in this respect, we found effective solution-mixing polymers with cost-effective graphene of hydrophobic surface. Since graphene oxide is hydrophilic and in need of reduction, highly conducing graphene platelets (GnPs) of ∼3 nm in thickness were selected to solution-mix with a commonly used elastomer – styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR). A percolation threshold of electrical conductivity was observed at 5.3 vol% of GnPs, and the SBR thermal conductivity enhanced three times at 24 vol%. Tensile strength, Young's modulus and tear strength were improved by 413%, 782% and 709%, respectively, at 16.7 vol%. Payne effect, an important design criteria for elastomers used in dynamic loading environment, was also investigated. The comparison of solution mixing with melt compounding, where the same starting materials were used, demonstrated that solution mixing is more effective in promoting the reinforcing effect of GnPs, since it provides more interlayer spacing for elastomer molecules intercalating and retains the high aspect ratio of GnPs leading to filler–filler network at a low volume fraction. We also compared the reinforcing effect of GnPs with those of carbon black and carbon nanotubes.     

Structure and properties of hollow carbon black and filled rubber nanocomposites

Abstract

Hollow carbon black (HCB) is introduced in this work. It has a special hollow structure, high specific surface area, high structure and high electric conductivity. Hollow carbon black is used to fill styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR). The bound rubber test results show that the bound rubber of SBR/HCB can be measured when the HCB content reaches 25 phr because a strong filler network is formed, which indicates good electric conductivity of SBR/HCB. In comparison, the bound rubber of SBR/N330 can not be measured even when the N330 content is 40 phr. The mechanical measurements show that HCB has very good reinforcing effect on SBR especially when the filler content is low. The electric conductivity and thermal conductivity increase with the increase in filler content. At the same filler content, the properties of SBR/HCB nanocomposites are better than those of SBR/N330 nanocomposites, which suggests that HCB has good application potential.     

离子液体改性石墨烯在橡胶中的应用进展

综述了离子液体改性石墨烯的改性方法,及离子液体改性石墨烯在改善橡胶力学性能、热稳定性、导电性能、导热性能及气体阻隔性能等方面的应用现状及进展.     

A study of graphene oxide‐reinforced rubber nanocomposite

Graphene oxide‐reinforced acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber nanocomposites were prepared via solution mixing. The morphology of the graphene oxide was studied, and its successful dispersion within the rubber matrix was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction studies. The strong rubber‐to‐filler interaction was confirmed by swelling and mechanical reinforcing behaviors and thermal stability. Dielectric spectroscopy test indicated a marked improvement of about five times in the real part of permittivity. The electrical conductivity level was close to that of nonconductive materials. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40640.     

Preparation and properties of styrene‐butadiene rubber nanocomposites blended with carbon black‐graphene hybrid filler

Graphene has become an attractive reinforcing filler for rubber materials, but its dispersion in rubber is still a big challenge. In this work, a novel carbon black‐reduced graphene (CB‐RG) hybrid filler was fabricated and blended with styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) via simple two‐roll mill mixing. The prepared CB‐RG hybrids had a microstructure with small CB agglomerates adsorbed onto graphene surfaces. CB acted as a barrier preventing the RG sheets from restacking even after drying. Homogeneous dispersion of graphene sheets in SBR matrix was observed by the mechanical mixing method based on the application of the CB‐RG hybrid fillers. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that Tg of the SBR/CB‐RG blend was higher than that of the SBR/CB blend indicating strong interfacial interactions between RG and SBR due to the high surface area of graphene and the π‐π interaction between SBR and graphene. The tensile properties of SBR/CB‐RG composites improved significantly and the volume resistivity decreased compared with the SBR/CB blends. The thermal stability of SBR composites filled with CB and CB‐RG showed slight difference. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41309.     

浅色补强填充剂LEE白滑粉在合成橡胶中的应用

介绍了新型浅色补强填充剂ＬＥＥ白滑粉的组成、物化性质、加工特性、硫化胶性能及应用前景。     

室温硫化硅橡胶／石墨烯复合材料的制备与性能

采用溶液共混法制备了以石墨烯和氧化石墨为填料的室温硫化硅橡胶复合材料,并对其导电性能和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,当石墨烯质量分数为3％时,复合材料的拉伸强度提高200％左右;体积电导率提高了9个数量级,复合材料中石墨烯的逾渗阈值为1％。利用原位热还原法处理氧化石墨／硅橡胶复合材料,当处理时间为30min时,其体积电导率提高了3个数量级。     

Covalent hybrid of graphene and silicon dioxide and reinforcing effect in rubber composites

For developing high performance graphene and silicon dioxide (SiO₂)-based green rubber nanocomposites, dispersal of graphene nanosheets and SiO₂ particles in rubber hosts and precise interface control are challenging due to their strong interlayer cohesive energy and surface inertia of graphene and the poor interaction with the organic matrix of SiO₂. Here we report an efficient method to hybrid graphene nanosheets and SiO₂ paticles. The SiO₂ molecules were covalently bonded to the graphene surface via functionalized graphene, using plant polyphenol tannic acid (TA) as stabilizer and functional reagent, followed by further covalent derivatization through the Michael addition reaction between phenolic hydroxyl group on TA and primary amine on silane coupling agents modified SiO₂. Through covalent hybridization, the SiO₂ particles are uniformly decorated on the surface of graphene. The improved dispersion state of hybrid filler was attested by XRD, TEM and FTIR. SEM, DMA, mechanical analysis, thermal conductivity measurements and applied to characterize the hybrid nanocomposites. The results imply that the strategy of using hybrid fillers with covalent interactions has been established to be an efficient way to achieve high-performance rubber nanocomposites. The prominent confinement effect arising from nanosheets resulted in nearly 7.0% increase in the thermal conductivity of the highly synergistic hybridization graphene-SiO₂ nanocomposites than that of the composite of graphene and SiO₂ mixtures. The former possesses 45.4% increase in tensile strength and 32.6% in tear strength and 35.4% in compression set. The covalent hybridization nanocomposites exhibit excellent abrasive resistant capacity with nearly 36.6% increase than that of the composite of graphene and SiO₂ mixtures. These results suggest that SiO₂ and graphene covalent hybrid fillers have a high potential to be used in engineering composits.

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Graphical abstract The synergistic hybridization graphene-SiO₂ and reinforcing effect in rubber