HPLC检测葡萄酒中12种单体酚的方法研究

试验建立了一种用HPLC测定葡萄酒中没食子酸、原儿茶酸等12种单体酚的方法。采用C18色谱柱,乙腈-冰醋酸-水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长280 nm。检测结果表明,在该色谱条件下各单体酚在40 min内能得到较好分离,各物质的含量与峰面积间呈良好的线性关系,方法的检出限在0.028~0.216之间,回收率均在85%以上,且相对标准偏差均小于4%,重复性好。采用该种方法测定6种相同地区、不同年份、不同品种葡萄酒中单体酚的含量。结果表明,不同年份、相同品种葡萄酒中12种单体酚含量各不相同,没食子酸、儿茶素含量均较高;葡萄酒中除个别酚酸含量有所增加以外,大部分单体酚含量均随储藏时间的增长而有所降低。     

广西都安野生毛葡萄酒中单体酚的测定

为研究毛葡萄酒中主要酚类物质的组成,试验采用高效液相色谱测定了野生毛葡萄酒及其杂交种NW196葡萄酒中没食子酸、儿茶素等10种重要单体酚的含量,结果表明,野生毛葡萄酒及NW196葡萄酒中10种单体酚的含量高于栽培品种赤霞珠,但各葡萄酒中的主要单体酚的组成和比例有所不同,其中没食子酸、安息香酸和儿茶素在两者中含量均较高.     

海拔对黄土高原地区赤霞珠和品丽珠葡萄酒中酚类物质及抗氧化活性的影响

以源于黄土高原地区3种海拔条件下的赤霞珠和品丽珠葡萄酒为研究对象,通过对其理化指标、酚类物质含量、抗氧化活性及非花色苷单体酚物质含量进行测定,比较葡萄园海拔对葡萄酒中酚类物质含量及抗氧化活性的影响。研究结果表明:与2种坡地葡萄酒相比,谷地和平地葡萄酒中总酚、总类黄酮和总黄烷醇含量高;随海拔上升,赤霞珠酒中总花色苷含量增加,而品丽珠酒彼此间无显著差异;2种葡萄酒的抗氧化能力随海拔的上升呈下降趋势;海拔对2种葡萄酒中非花色苷单体酚物质的组成无显著影响,而对其含量有不同程度的影响。谷地和平地的葡萄酒中儿茶素和表儿茶素的含量高于2种坡地的30%以上;坡地葡萄酒的黄酮醇含量也高于平地和谷地条件。海拔对赤霞珠和品丽珠葡萄酒的品质有一定影响,对不同品质指标间的影响存在差异。在黄土高原地区,低海拔葡萄园的赤霞珠和品丽珠葡萄酒中酚类物质含量及抗氧化能力均优于高海拔坡地葡萄酒。     

不同年份干红葡萄酒单宁结构特性与涩感强度的关系

为探究不同年份干红葡萄酒单宁的含量和结构与涩感强度之间的关系,以内蒙古产区不同年份的赤霞珠和蛇龙珠葡萄酒为材料,测定其总单宁、游离态黄烷-3-醇单体含量及缩合单宁结构组分,并对涩感强度进行评价。结果表明：新酒的总单宁含量和游离态黄烷-3-醇单体总量均高于陈酿酒,且新酒的儿茶素和表儿茶素没食子酸酯含量较高,陈酿酒的表棓儿茶素和棓酸儿茶素含量较高。在缩合单宁的结构特性中,新酒的原花青素占比较高,陈酿酒的原翠雀素占比较高,且陈酿8～9年酒样的单宁结构趋于稳定。葡萄酒中各组分与涩感强度间的主成分分析表明：总单宁、平均聚合度、单体表棓儿茶素没食子酸酯、延伸单元表儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯及没食子酰化程度对涩感影响较大,总酸、pH值、酒度、总酚、花色苷及游离态单体对涩感影响则较小。     

RP-HPLC法同时测定葡萄酒、果酒、果醋中16种单体酚的含量

新建一种同时适用于天然果蔬饮品葡萄酒、果酒、果醋中8种酚酸、4种黄烷-3-醇、3种黄酮醇、1种芪类含量测定的HPLC分析方法。使用Waters XBridgeTM Shield RP18(4.6×250 mm,3.5μm)色谱柱,乙腈-冰乙酸-水溶液为流动相,流速0.8 m L/min,进样量20 u L,梯度洗脱,柱温30.0℃,DAD检测器同时采集280 nm和320 nm下的信号。16种单体酚均可有效分离,各物质的含量与峰面积线性关系良好,且回收率高,重复性好,具有定量准确、快速等特点。运用该方法测定了3种葡萄酒、3种果酒、3种果醋中16种单体酚的含量。结果表明,干红葡萄酒、干白葡萄酒、桃红葡萄酒能被定量的单体酚分别有14种、14种、9种单体酚;苹果酒中能被定量的单体酚有7种,樱桃酒7种,石榴酒8种;苹果醋中能被定量的单体酚有8种,柿子醋9种,猕猴桃醋中8种。该法准确、可靠,可同时适于不同天然果蔬饮品葡萄酒、果酒、果醋中酚类物质含量的分析。     

UPLC法同时检测新疆葡萄酒中的7种单体酚

建立了一种测定葡萄酒中7种单体酚含量的超高效液相色谱（UPLC）检测方法。采用ACQUITY BEH C18色谱柱,以甲醇/乙酸铵-乙酸缓冲溶液为流动相,0.2 mL/min梯度洗脱,变波长检测,各化合物线性关系较好（R2＞0.993）,不同的添加水平的回收率在84.0%~108.4%范围,方法重复性较好（RSD≤6.08%）。该文利用UPLC法分析了不同地区、不同年份的葡萄酒中7种单体酚的含量,结果表明,葡萄酒中含有丰富的单体酚,单体酚的含量因酒样含糖量、品牌、厂家和原料产地不同而差别很大。     

灭活酵母对干红葡萄酒酚类物质及其抗氧化活性的影响

以河北省昌黎县华夏长城葡萄园的赤霞珠葡萄所酿干红葡萄酒为研究对象,设计4种不同的试验处理,测定葡萄酒中酚类物质含量及其抗氧化活性,研究灭活酵母对葡萄酒中酚类物质含量及其抗氧化活性的影响。试验结果显示,第5天添加灭活酵母3 g/L(处理1)的葡萄酒中总酚、总花色苷和总单宁的含量最高;单体酚含量测定时,第25天添加灭活酵母3 g/L(处理3)的葡萄酒中咖啡酸、绿原酸、芦丁、(+)-儿茶素、鞣花酸和没食子酸含量最高;不同处理下样品的总还原能力、DPPH·清除率和ABTS~+·清除率都有不同程度的提高。因此,灭活酵母能提高赤霞珠干红葡萄酒中酚类物质的含量,增强其抗氧化活性。     

德钦、沙城、烟台3个产地赤霞珠干红葡萄酒的品质分析

以云南省德钦县、河北省沙城镇和山东省烟台市3个产地的赤霞珠葡萄为原料酿造干红葡萄酒。分析了3个产地赤霞珠干红葡萄酒的滴定酸、p H值、酒精度、总酚、单宁、花青素、5种花色苷单体和11种单体酚。结果表明:3个产地赤霞珠干红葡萄酒的品质指标间存在显著性差异。就酒精度、总酚和单宁而言,烟台德钦沙城酒样;而聚合指数和色调也表现出相同的趋势。德钦产地葡萄酒中5种花色苷单体总量及各单体含量(矢车菊素葡萄糖苷除外)均显著高于其他2个产地。德钦和沙城两产地赤霞珠干红葡萄酒中总单体酚含量无显著性差异,但均显著高于烟台产地葡萄酒中的含量。     

贺兰山东麓不同陈酿年份赤霞珠干红葡萄酒中酚类物质对涩感质量的影响

为了探究赤霞珠干红葡萄酒陈酿过程中酚类物质的变化规律及其与涩感质量变化之间的联系。选取宁夏贺兰山东麓同一酒庄10个垂直年份的赤霞珠干红葡萄酒,分析总酚、总单宁、总花色苷含量,利用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾多级质谱(ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization multi-stage mass spectrometry,UHPLC-ESI-MSn)法分析了该系列葡萄酒中的儿茶素、表儿茶素、表棓儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、原花青素B1、B2的含量,通过二级质谱分析鉴定了(表)儿茶素三聚体,并对样品涩感质量进行了感官分析。通过相关分析建立酚类物质与涩感质量的相关性。结果表明,随着葡萄酒年份的增加总酚、总单宁和总花色苷的含量呈逐渐减少的趋势。在陈酿过程中葡萄酒的口感呈现干涩下降绒涩上升的趋势。不同质量的涩感强度与总酚及总单宁的含量没有显著的相关性(p 0. 05)。干涩强度与葡萄酒中儿茶素、表儿茶素、表棓儿茶素及原花青素B1、B2含量显著正相关(p 0. 05)与(表)儿茶素三聚体含量极显著正相关(p 0. 01),绒涩与这些物质没有显著相关性。     

HPLC同时检测葡萄酒中10种单体酚的方法

本研究建立了用HPLC同时测定葡萄酒中没食子酸、( )-儿茶素等10种单体酚的方法.色谱条件为:Hibar RT Lichrospher反相C18柱,流动相A为水:乙酸(98:2),流动相B为乙腈,梯度洗脱,流速为1.0ml/min,检测波长为280nm.在该色谱条件下各个单体酚在30min内得到了良好的分离,各物质的含量与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,且回收率较高,重复性好,且具有定量准确、快速等特点.结果表明,三种葡萄酒均被检测到了这10种单体酚,且它们在红葡萄酒中的含量显著高于白葡萄酒.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the