The web-based user interface for EAST plasma control system

The plasma control system (PCS) plays a vital role at EAST for fusion science experiments. Its software application consists of two main parts: an IDL graphical user interface for setting a large number of plasma parameters to specify each discharge, several programs for performing the real-time feedback control and managing the whole control system. The PCS user interface can be used from any X11 Windows client with privileged access to the PCS computer system. However, remote access to the PCS system via the IDL user interface becomes an extreme inconvenience due to the high network latency to draw or operate the interfaces. In order to realize lower latency for remote access to the PCS system, a web-based system has been developed for EAST recently. The setup data are retrieved from the PCS system and client-side JavaScript draws the interfaces into the user's browser. The user settings are also sent back to the PCS system for controlling discharges. These technologies allow the web-based user interface to be viewed by authorized users with a web browser and have it communicate with PCS server processes directly. It works together with the IDL interface and provides a new way to aid remote participation.     

Experiment archive,analysis, and visualization at the National Ignition Facility

The National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is the world's most energetic laser, providing a scientific research center to study inertial confinement fusion and matter at extreme energy densities and pressures. A target shot involves over 30 specialized diagnostics measuring critical x-ray, optical and nuclear phenomena to quantify ignition results for comparison with computational models. The Shot Analysis and Visualization System (SAVI) acquires and analyzes target diagnostic data for display within a time-budget of 30 min. Laser and target diagnostic data are automatically loaded into the NIF archive database through clustered software data collection agents. The SAVI Analysis Engine distributes signal and image processing tasks to a Linux cluster where computation is performed. Intermediate results are archived at each step of the analysis pipeline. Data is archived with metadata and pedigree. Experiment results are visualized through a web-based user interface in interactive dashboards tailored to single or multiple shot perspectives. The SAVI system integrates open-source software, commercial workflow tools, relational database and messaging technologies into a service-oriented and distributed software architecture that is highly parallel, scalable, and flexible. The architecture and functionality of the SAVI system will be presented along with examples.     

基于Web的BEPCⅡ磁铁电源的远程监控系统

目前,国内外加速器控制均采用基于以太网的分布式体系结构,控制软件绝大多数采用组态软件包EPICS。而基于Web的远程监控,在当前国际加速器控制领域是一前沿课题。本工作研究了EPICS系统与Web的接口技术,并在此基础上实现了基于Web的BEPCⅡ磁铁电源的远程监测。     

SSRF数字化电源巡检系统的设计

开发了SSRF数字电源巡检系统,实现远程巡检与本地巡检两种模式,采用LabVIEW软件开发平台设计了简单美观的用户界面,两种硬件结构在数字化电源巡检用户软件界面上不需修改.远程巡检用于模拟数字化电源与中央控制室间远程监控通讯的调试,及时排查远程通讯或电源的故障;本地巡检可同时检测18台数字化电源,长期(24 h)进行故障状态监视,并通过Excel或text记录与保存,进行电源性能指标验收.两种巡检模式已用于SSRF的数字化电源巡检.     

Custom open source solutions for DIII-D data acquisition and control systems

Computer based control and data acquisition systems have long played a critical role in fusion research in the development and operation of experiments such as the DIII-D tokamak in San Diego. These systems require great flexibility in being able to control and tie together the many diverse subsystems that make up a tokamak, including power, cryogenic, vacuum, electrical, water, heating and computers. For well over a decade the DIII-D control and data acquisition systems have been running on Linux-based commodity computing hardware. This has provided DIII-D with a continual path of improvement to computing performance and capability while maintaining the usefulness and productivity of numerous custom developed software applications written over the years. The flexibility provided by these Linux based systems has allowed DIII-D to continue to utilize and support legacy CAMAC hardware in addition to incorporating newer PLC and data acquisition hardware. A number of in-house developed tools and applications have made these systems highly customizable and easily expandable in being able to meet the specific and growing needs of the DIII-D research program. Among the latest improvements to these systems have been upgrades to user interfaces, development of new control capabilities and increases to data acquisition capabilities. This paper will describe in detail the present state of the DIII-D computer based control and data acquisition systems and recent improvements that have been made.     

Design of online control and monitoring software for the CPPF system in the CMS Level-1 trigger upgrade

The concentration preprocessing and fan-out(CPPF) system is one of the electronic subsystems of the upgraded Compact Muon Solenoid(CMS) Level-1 trigger system. It includes, in hardware, eight specially designed CPPF cards, one CMS card called AMC13, one commercial Micro-TCA Carrier HUB(MCH) card, and a MicroTCA shelf. Powerful online software is needed for the system, including providing reliable configuration and monitoring for the hardware, and a graphical interface for executing all actions and publishing monitoring messages.Further, to control and monitor the large amount of homogeneous hardware, the SoftWare Automating conTrol of Common Hardware(SWATCH) concept was proposed and developed. The SWATCH provides a generic structure and is flexible for customization. The structure includes a hardware access library based on the IPbus protocol, which assumes a virtual 32-bit address/32-bit data bus and builds a simple hardware access layer. Furthermore, the structure provides a graphical user interface, which is based on modern web technology and is accessible by web page. The CPPF controlling and monitoring online software was also customized from a common SWATCH cell, and provides afinite state machine(FSM) for configuring the entire CPPF hardware, and five monitoring objects for periodically collecting monitoring data from five main functional modules in the CPPF hardware. This paper introduces the details of the CPPF SWATCH cell development.     

基于网络的压水堆核电厂瞬态实时仿真软件NUSOLSIM的开发

为满足核工程与核技术专业相关课程不限时间和空间的仿真教学需求,采用C/S架构开发了基于网络的压水堆核电厂瞬态实时仿真软件(NUSOLSIM)。针对大型压水堆核电厂堆芯、一回路、二回路等系统设备进行建模,此软件具有实时仿真模拟典型核电厂事故的能力,具备暂停、保存和图形输出功能。最后利用NUSOLSIM软件分析了2个典型的预期运行事件,结果表明本软件具有较好的事故进程分析能力。      

Improvement of accident dose consequences simulation software for nuclear emergency response applications

This study integrated the nuclear power plant simulation software, PCTRAN, with an atmospheric diffusion model to efficiently evaluate a nuclear power plant accident and its off-site dose consequences. PCTRAN, with its user-friendly interface, provides a fast simulation scheme that can simulate many kinds of nuclear power plant accidents. Once accident initiation events are activated in the software, the plant parameters are calculated and displayed via animations on the user interface. Based on the simulated plant conditions, the radioactive materials considered in the software may be released from the plant to the environment. In this study, a dispersion algorithm, including a modified atmospheric diffusion model and its programming method, is proposed such that PCTRAN satisfies the application requirements to be used to plan nuclear emergency responses. First, the modified atmospheric diffusion model handles the variations of meteorological conditions (wind direction, wind velocity, and stability category) during a nuclear power plant accident simulation. Furthermore, the proposed programming method promotes calculation capability and efficiency by reducing the computational burden. For demonstration purposes, a postulated accident event was simulated for the Maanshan Nuclear Power Plant in Taiwan. The overall accident evolution, whole plant response, and off-site dose consequences could be predicted much earlier than what actually occurs. The thyroid and whole body dose rates (and their accumulations) as a function of accident time are displayed on the map within the emergency planning zone (EPZ). The influence of the accident on the off-site area can thus be estimated earlier, and the emergency classification can be determined by referring to the emergency action levels (EALs) for a quick nuclear emergency response.     

Unified software development approach for the safety-critical ITER maintenance devices

The RH devices used for ITER divertor maintenance are movers or manipulators composed of electro-hydraulic and electrical actuators. Such devices are CMM, CTM and WHMAN to assist CMM and CTM. These devices execute complex and safety-critical operations while supporting ITER reactor elements weighting several tons. Despite the differences in the load capacity and functionality, the control system of these devices can be categorized as position servo control or force servo control. In this paper we propose the use of unified software development approach currently developed and demonstrated at the DTP2. This new approach takes into account the ITER RH requirements for all maintenance devices, not only the water-hydraulic maintenance devices. The need for extensive software verification and validation utilizing international standards for safety-critical systems is addressed. This applies both to control software architecture and user interface design. In principle, we propose that all ITER maintenance devices are developed and tested with the common software architecture and user interface. This makes it possible to reuse generic software modules that are well documented and tested, resulting decreased verification and validation period and development cost. Utilising this approach also improves reliability and safety of the maintenance operations.     

惰性气体氙β-γ符合能谱分析软件的研制

基于惰性气体氙β-γ符合测量原理,研究建立了基于相关法的符合谱解谱算法,研制了具有图形化用户界面的惰性气体氙β-γ符合能谱分析软件,实现了β-γ符合能谱的分析、能谱的图形化显示和分析结果数据库存储等功能,使北京放射性核素实验室具备了惰性气体氙β-γ符合能谱数据的分析处理能力。并与国际数据中心的β-γ符合能谱自动处理程序bg_analyze进行了比较,结果表明：两种软件的4种氙同位素活度浓度计算结果在1.2%内一致;最小可探测浓度计算结果在1.7%内一致。     

New CAMAC based data acquisition and beam control system for Lund nuclear microprobe

A new CAMAC based data acquisition system has been installed at the Lund Nuclear Microprobe facility. This paper reports on the development and present status of the data acquisition system. The system is a true multiparameter CAMAC based system with fast Fera bus readout and in crate memory buffer. The user interface is based on Sparrow Kmax software for a Power Macintosh platform. The system read out and tag the event data with position on-line, which make fast on-line monitoring of spectra or element maps possible.Simultaneously, all data can be saved event by event for off-line analysis. The beam scanning part is software controlled through a timed D/A converter, this allows fast scanning of the beam. With a CCD-camera and video card the area to be analysed could be defined directly from the image, and the sample position can be moved. Any kind of irregular scan patterns could be defined.     

Study on Modeling Technology in Digital Reactor System

Modeling is the kernel part of a digital reactor system. As an extensible platformfor reactor conceptual design, it is very important to study modeling technology and develop somekind of tools to speed up preparation of all classical computing models. This paper introducesthe background of the project and basic conception of digital reactor. MCAM is taken as anexample for modeling and its related technologies used are given. It is an interface program forMCNP geometry model developed by FDS team (ASIPP & HUT), and designed to run on windowssystem. MCAM aims at utilizing CAD technology to facilitate creation of MCNP geometry model.There have been two ways for MCAM to utilize CAD technology: (1) Making use of user interfacetechnology in aid of generation of MCNP geometry model; (2) Making use of existing 3D CADmodel to accelerate creation of MCNP geometry model. This paper gives an overview of MCAM'smajor function. At last, several examples are given to demonstrate MCAM's various capabilities.     

Modern internal-irradiation dosimetry

A graphical user interface making it possible to create initial data files automatically for calculating the radiation spectrum of a human body using the MCNP program and to perform graphical analyis of the computational results is described. The results of using the program developed to perform spectrometry of human-body radiation and internal dosimetry are desrcribed. The development of precise measurement methods, such as the spectrometry of human-body radiation, and the appearance of new methods for analyzing the results of measurements will make the monitoring of internal irradiation of workers in the nuclear power industry more accurate.Translated from Atomnaya Ènergiya, Vol. 97, No. 4, pp. 286–293, October, 2004.     

GUI2QAD-3D: A graphical interface program for QAD-CGPIC program

GUI2QAD-3D is graphical user interface developed in Visual Basic (VB) version 6.0 to prepare input for the QAD-CGPIC program. QAD-CGPIC is a FORTRAN code that combines QAD-CGGP (RSICC-CCC-493, USA) and PICTURE [Irving, D.C., Morrison, G.W., 1970. PICTURE—an aid in debugging GEOM input data, ORNL-TM-2892] for neutron and gamma-ray shielding calculations by the point kernel method in a consistent fashion to utilize the capabilities of two independent codes. The FORTRAN code calculates fast neutron and gamma-ray penetration through various shield configurations defined by combinatorial geometry specifications. It has provision to estimate buildup factor either from Geometric Progression (GP) coefficients (ANS-6.4.3, 1990) or from Capos’. Capabilities of the FORTRAN code is extended by modifying it to handle off-centred multiple identical sources. Several standard tests of inputs are carried out to validate the modified code. The FORTRAN code executable is created with a Lahey compiler. The user interface facilitates interactive viewing of the geometry of the system with online context sensitive help. Inputs for several practical problems relating to nuclear fuel reprocessing labs are provided. The software runs on Pentium III computers under windows environment and is transmitted in one CD. The software can be obtained from Radiation Safety Information and Computational Centre (RSICC), ORNL, USA with code package identification number CCC-697.     

Comment on Shibata-san's “Evaluation of Neutron Nuclear Data for 3He and 4He”

As advanced monitoring and controlling systems have been developed, accuracy of real-time simulators must be improved and simulation limits must be extended. Therefore the authors have developed a distributed simulation system to achieve high processing performance using low cost hardware. Moreover, the authors have developed a thermal-hydraulic computer code, using drift-flux non-equilibrium model. This code can realize a high precision two-phase flow analysis, to be considered to have the same prediction capability as two-fluid models, while achieving high speed and stability for real-time simulators. The distributed plant simulator for PWR plants was realized as a result. The distributed simulator consists of multi-processors connected to each other by an optical fiber network. Controlling software for synchronized scheduling and data transfer was also developed. In terms of the code development, the numerical calculation method and implemented correlation chosen for this code are described. The simulation results during both code development and validation testing of the four loop PWR simulator are compared with experiment data and real plant data; the agreement was satisfactory for a plant simulator. The simulation speed was also satisfactory being twice as fast as real-time.     

A shared memory based interface of MARTe with EPICS for real-time applications

The Multithreaded Application Real-Time executor (MARTe) is a multi-platform C++ middleware designed for the implementation of real-time control systems. It currently supports the Linux, Linux + RTAI, VxWorks, Solaris and MS Windows platforms. In the fusion community MARTe is being used at JET, COMPASS, ISTTOK, FTU and RFX in fusion [1].The Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS), a standard framework for the control systems in KSTAR and ITER, is a set of software tools and applications which provide a software infrastructure for use in building distributed control systems to operate devices.For a MARTe based application to cooperate with an EPICS based application, an interface layer between MARTe and EPICS is required. To solve this issue, a number of interfacing solutions have been proposed and some of them have been implemented. Nevertheless, a new approach is required to mitigate the functional limitations of existing solutions and to improve their performance for real-time applications.This paper describes the design and implementation of a shared memory based interface between MARTe and EPICS.     

Test bed for real-time image acquisition and processing systems based on FlexRIO,CameraLink, and EPICS

Image diagnostics are becoming standard ones in nuclear fusion. At present, images are typically analyzed off-line. However, real-time processing is occasionally required (for instance, hot-spot detection or pattern recognition tasks), which will be the objective for the next generation of fusion devices. In this paper, a test bed for image generation, acquisition, and real-time processing is presented. The proposed solution is built using a Camera Link simulator, a Camera Link frame-grabber, a PXIe chassis, and offers software interface with EPICS. The Camera Link simulator (PCIe card PCIe8 DVa C-Link from Engineering Design Team) generates simulated image data (for example, from video-movies stored in fusion databases) using a Camera Link interface to mimic the frame sequences produced with diagnostic cameras. The Camera Link frame-grabber (FlexRIO Solution from National Instruments) includes a field programmable gate array (FPGA) for image acquisition using a Camera Link interface; the FPGA allows for the codification of ad-hoc image processing algorithms using LabVIEW/FPGA software. The frame grabber is integrated in a PXIe chassis with system architecture similar to that of the ITER Fast Controllers, and the frame grabber provides a software interface with EPICS to program all of its functionalities, capture the images, and perform the required image processing. The use of these four elements allows for the implementation of a test bed system that permits the development and validation of real-time image processing techniques in an architecture that is fully compatible with that of the ITER Fast Controllers. This paper provides a specific example of a pattern search in a movie, its real-time implementation, and a performance analysis of the entire platform.     

基于国产化PXI模块的松脱部件监测系统软件开发

基于国产化PXI（面向仪器系统的PCI扩展）模块,利用中国核动力研究设计院（NPIC）研制的国产化松脱部件监测系统（LPMS）进行了16通道LPMS软件的开发,本文主要介绍了软件设计要求、设计原则、设计流程,以及主界面的设计,并重点对国产化PXI控制模块接口程序的软件实现进行了详细阐述。开发的基于国产化PXI模块的LPMS软件经测试满足设计要求,并已成功应用在出口国外某核电厂的LPMS中,为保障核电厂安全经济的运行起到了积极的作用。