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Formation control is a cooperative control concept in which multiple autonomous underwater mobile robots are deployed for a group motion and/or control mission. This paper presents a brief review on various cooperative search and formation control strategies for multiple autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) based on literature reported till date. Various cooperative and formation control schemes for collecting huge amount of data based on formation regulation control and formation tracking control are discussed. To address the challenge of detecting AUV failure in the fleet, communication issues, collision and obstacle avoidance are also taken into attention. Stability analysis of the feasible formation is also presented. This paper may be intended to serve as a convenient reference for the further research on formation control of multiple underwater mobile robots. 相似文献
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何锦璇 《计算机技术与发展》2013,(11):30-33
编队和避障控制是机器人路径规划设计中的典型问题,文中提出了将leader—following法和人工势场法相结合的方法,来更好地完成多机器人在未知环境下的编队和避障控制。之前的研究只将leader—following算法用于多机器人的编队控制,而文中提出此方法也可以用于多机器人系统的避障控制。基于leader—following法,多机器人能自动编队并保持队形;而结合人工势场法,多机器人可以保持队形行进,在遇到障碍物的情况下变换队形避障,在避障后恢复原队形,最终到达目标。通过仿真实验证明,该算法实现了多机器人在未知环境下的自动编队和避障,从而证明了leader—following算法可以用于机器人的避障控制。 相似文献
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A large class of problems in robotics, e.g., trajectory tracking with obstacle avoidance, compliant motion control, and complex assembly, can be formulated as a least-squares tracking problem on the Euclidean group subject to constraints on the state and/or control. We develop an optimal control framework for this general class of problems, and derive analytic solutions for the local and global versions of the general optimal control problem. Our formalism can be viewed in some sense as an extension to the Euclidean group of the linear quadratic regulator subject to state equality constraints. Examples from force-guided complex assembly and tracking with obstacle avoidance are given 相似文献
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Jianan Wang 《International journal of control》2013,86(12):2606-2621
Multi-agent consensus problem in an obstacle-laden environment is addressed in this study. A novel optimal control approach is proposed for the multi-agent system to reach consensus as well as avoid obstacles with a reasonable control effort. An innovative nonquadratic penalty function is constructed to achieve obstacle avoidance capability from an inverse optimal control perspective. The asymptotic stability and optimality of the consensus algorithm are proven. In addition, the optimal control law only requires local information from the communication topology to guarantee the proposed behaviour, rather than all agents’ information. The consensus and obstacle avoidance are validated through various simulations. 相似文献
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群机器人执行搜索任务时,为平衡任务分工和提高协同搜索效率,提出预分工与反馈调节的双层分工方法和模拟鸟群觅食的协同搜索方法。在任务分工方面,以探测的目标强度为依据建立目标选择概率函数,使用轮盘赌确定机器人意向目标,将意向目标相同的机器人预分配为同一子群,使用反馈调节法实现分工平衡。在协调搜索方面,模拟鸟群觅食过程,提出粒子群-人工势场的搜索和避障协同控制方法。仿真结果表明,协同搜索方法能够锁定区域内所有目标,与文献[10]方法相比,任务完成平均耗时减少了17.14%,最优耗时减少了18.61%,验证了该方法在任务分工和目标搜索上的优越性。 相似文献
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乔道迹 《计算机测量与控制》2024,32(5):129-136
为了提高巡检机器人在复杂环境下的避障能力,使机器人能够安全地完成巡检任务,设计基于深度学习的巡检机器人避障轨迹自动控制系统。设计由CCD传感器、信号处理芯片等设备组成的工业智能视觉CCD相机,基于FPGA和USB2.0的视频采集卡传输采集数据,完成硬件部分的设计。在软件设计中,对采集的图像实施目标分割、双目目标匹配等预处理,通过对摄像头实施双目视觉标定获取障碍物空间位置三维信息,基于深度学习中的CRNN设计机器人自主避障规划网络模型,并设计模糊轨迹控制器,实现避障中的轨迹自动控制。系统测试结果表明,设计系统最终成功避开了三个动态障碍物,最大轨迹控制误差的最大值为1.45°,最小轨迹控制误差的最大值为0.62°,动态避障巡检速度始终在3.5m/s左右,表现出了精准而稳定的轨迹控制效果。 相似文献
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为解决无人机飞行过程中障碍物规避问题,提出一种新的三维自主避障算法.首先,根据障碍物的若干信息利用标准凸面体对不规则障碍物进行数学建模,用一个或多个标准凸面体覆盖障碍物整体或关键部分;然后,根据障碍物模型设计圆弧规避航路算法,将避障问题转化为跟踪规避航路控制问题,并定义避障判定、避障方向判断和成功避障规则;最后,结合非线性制导律和高度通道控制,实现无人机实时三维航路跟踪与自主避障.非线性数值仿真结果表明,避障算法能够有效地规避障碍物且三维航路跟踪精度好,能够应用于无人机的避障飞行任务. 相似文献
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在机器人自主避障过程中,由于传感器数据的误差会降低机器人感知和决策的准确性,从而影响机器人自主避障能力。为此,提出高精度激光测距下的机器人自主避障控制方法。通过设计机器人体系结构,建立机器人运动学模型,为机器人避障控制提供依据。采用高精度激光测距技术,构建机器人移动场地地形。通过自适应阈值方法,完成机器人的自主避障控制。实验结果表明,所提方法的机器人自主避障控制效果好,且障碍物位置测试值与实际位置值的误差保持在0.5m以内,具有较高的避障控制精确度。 相似文献
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Yanyan Dai Suk Gyu Lee 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2014,12(5):1077-1089
This paper deals with the problem of formation control for nonholonomic mobile robots under a cluttered environment. When the obstacles are not detected, the follower robot calculates its waypoint to track, based on the leader robot’s state. The proposed geometric obstacle avoidance control method (GOACM) guarantees that the robot avoids the static and dynamic obstacles using onboard sensors. Due to the difficulty for the robot to simultaneously get overall safe boundary of an obstacle in practice, a safe line, which is perpendicular to the obstacle surface, is used instead of the safe boundary. Since GOACM is executed to find a safe waypoint for the robot, GOACM can effectively cooperate with the formation control method. Moreover, the adaptive controllers guarantee that the trajectory and velocity tracking errors converge to zero with the consideration of the parametric uncertainties of both kinematic and dynamic models. Simulation and experiment results present that the robots effectively form and maintain formation avoiding the obstacles. 相似文献
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《Robotics and Autonomous Systems》2006,54(10):805-814
This paper presents the design of a stable non-linear control system for the remote visual tracking of cellular robots. The robots are controlled through visual feedback based on the processing of the image captured by a fixed video camera observing the workspace. The control algorithm is based only on measurements on the image plane of the visual camera–direct visual control–thus avoiding the problems related to camera calibration. In addition, the camera plane may have any (unknown) orientation with respect to the robot workspace. The controller uses an on-line estimation of the image Jacobians. Considering the Jacobians’ estimation errors, the control system is capable of tracking a reference point moving on the image plane–defining the reference trajectory–with an ultimately bounded error. An obstacle avoidance strategy is also developed in the same context, based on the visual impedance concept. Experimental results show the performance of the overall control system. 相似文献
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针对多移动机器人的编队控制问题,提出了一种结合Polar Histogram避障法的领航-跟随协调编队控制算法。该算法在领航-跟随l-φ编队控制结构的基础上引入虚拟跟随机器人,将编队控制转化为跟随机器人对虚拟跟随机器人的轨迹跟踪控制。结合移动机器人自身传感器技术,在简单甚至复杂的环境下为机器人提供相应的路径运动策略,实现实时导航的目的。以两轮差动Qbot移动机器人为研究对象,搭建半实物仿真平台,进行仿真实验。仿真结果表明:该方法可以有效地实现多移动机器人协调编队和避障控制。 相似文献
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针对力反馈遥操作中传统人工势场法无法适应于机械臂整体的避障以及在作业过程中操作者难以控制机械臂到达所需位姿的问题,提出了一种基于虚拟力引导的人机协同目标抓取方法。力反馈设备向操作者提供力觉交互。通过结合人工势场法和虚拟夹具,构建管道形虚拟力场,生成实时虚拟力引导,实现协助操作者完成从端机器人的整体避障任务并在完成避障后引导机器人返回预定义路径并趋近目标点。当进行抓取任务时,构建锥形虚拟力场,实现协助操作者操作机械臂到达目标位置和姿态。此外,提出了一种机器人运动限制方法以降低操作者的操作失误对抓取任务的影响。实验证明,该方法能有效提高目标抓取操作的成功率和操作效率。 相似文献
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智能机器人可通过传感器获取周围的地形、温度等信息,并加以分析处理而采取对应策略。然而,机器人可能由于本身不具备定位功能而只能进行简单控制,也可能因为障碍物信息采样不足而导致避障算法失败。面对这一类问题,设计并实现了一套能对智能车进行远程控制并令其自主寻路的系统。该系统通过高效的图像处理与识别对智能车自动定位;对现有避障算法进行了改进,并建立了避让策略来保证智能车总能找到一条抵达目标的安全路径。实验结果表明,该系统定位精度较高,控制与寻路功能具有一定的可靠性与实用性。 相似文献
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The article presents a new and simple solution to the obstacle avoidance problem for redundant robots. In the proposed approach, called configuration control, the redundancy is utilized to configure the robot so as to satisfy a set of kinematic inequality constraints representing obstacle avoidance, while the end-effector is tracking a desired trajectory. The robot control scheme is very simple, and uses on-line adaptation to eliminate the need for the complex dynamic model and parameter values of the robot. Several simulation results for a four-link planar robot are presented to illustrate the versatility of the approach. These include reaching around a stationary obstacle, simultaneous avoidance of two obstacles, robot reconfiguration to avoid a moving obstacle, and avoidance of rectangular obstacles. The simplicity and computational efficiency of the proposed scheme allows on-line implementation with a high sampling rate for real-time obstacle avoidance in a dynamically varying environment. 相似文献
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Temporal logic motion planning for dynamic robots 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper, we address the temporal logic motion planning problem for mobile robots that are modeled by second order dynamics. Temporal logic specifications can capture the usual control specifications such as reachability and invariance as well as more complex specifications like sequencing and obstacle avoidance. Our approach consists of three basic steps. First, we design a control law that enables the dynamic model to track a simpler kinematic model with a globally bounded error. Second, we built a robust temporal logic specification that takes into account the tracking errors of the first step. Finally, we solve the new robust temporal logic path planning problem for the kinematic model using automata theory and simple local vector fields. The resulting continuous time trajectory is provably guaranteed to satisfy the initial user specification. 相似文献
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双轮移动机器人安全目标追踪与自动避障算法 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
设计了双轮移动机器人安全目标追踪算法和双回路的追踪与避障控制方案.内层控制回路是目标追踪的控制律,用来指导机器人追踪到指定目标并保持一定的安全距离,而且兼顾了机器人在运行速度上的限制和追踪的时间效率,其控制的渐近稳定性用Lyapunov函数法进行了证明.当遇到障碍物时,外层控制回路根据超声传感器的信息和阻抗控制的概念产生阻抗虚拟力,将期望目标调整到虚拟位置,使机器人能够自动转向以避开障碍物.仿真研究和实验结果证明了追踪算法的有效性和避障方法的可行性. 相似文献