基于EPICS的磁铁电源控制系统

本文介绍了在EPICS软件环境下实现的磁铁电源控制系统,详细分析了基于DeviceNet现场总线的磁铁电源控制器原理、硬件结构及软硬件系统的集成。测试结果表明该系统的精度、分辨率和稳定度均已达到设计指标,目前已成功地应用在100MeV电子直线加速器的磁铁电源控制中。     

基于CODAC的ITER电流引线测控系统

中国科学院等离子体物理研究所(Institute of Plasma Physical,Chinese Academy of Sciences,ASIPP)负责国际热核聚变实验堆(International Thermonuclear Experimental,ITER)60根高温超导电流引线(High Temperature Superconducting Current Lead,HTSCL)产品的研制与测试,并在2013–2015年间开展了三对三种电流等级(68 k A、55 k A和10 k A)的高温超导电流引线认证制造。为检验电流引线的低温大电流性能,ASIPP与印度塔塔咨询服务公司(Tata Consultancy Service,TCS)及ITER合作开发了基于CODAC(Control,Data Access and Communication)框架的ITER高温超导电流引线测控系统。该系统包括传统西门子PLC300工艺过程测控系统、基于Lab VIEW的失超保护系统、基于PLC400冗余设计的互锁系统和基于NI c系列模块的快速控制系统(Plant system Controller,Fast Controls,PCF)。目前本系统已通过三轮验收测试并在2015年1月份的ITER CC 10 k A电流引线原型件和同年7月份的ITER TF 68 k A电流引线原型件中成功应用。结果表明,本系统能很好地满足电流引线的实验需求,得到ITER国际认同。电流引线测控系统软硬件遵照ITER的CODAC标准进行设计,是CODAC和互锁保护规范的首次在ITER真实组件物理性能测试的联合应用案例,可作为ITER采购包出厂验收推行的CODAC模范。     

A Novel superconducting toroidal field magnet concept using advanced materials

The plasma physics database indicates that two distinct approaches to tokamak design may lead to commercial fusion reactors: low Aspect ratio, high plasma current, relatively low magnetic field devices, and high Aspect ratio, high field devices. The former requires significant enhancements in plasma performance, while the latter depends primarily upon technology development. The key technology for the commercialization of the high-field approach is large, high magnetic field superconducting magnets. In this paper, the physics motivation for the high field approach and key superconducting magnet (SCM) development issues are reviewed. Improved SCM performance may be obtained from improved materials and/or improved engineering. Superconducting materials ranging from NbTi to high-T _c oxides are reviewed, demonstrating the broad range of potential superconducting materials. Structural material options are discussed, including cryogenic steel alloys and fiber-reinforced composite materials. Again, the breadth of options is highlighted. The potential for improved magnet engineering is quantified in terms of the Virial Theorem Limit, and two examples of approaches to highly optimized magnet configurations are discussed. The force-reduced concept, which is a finite application of the force-free solutions to Ampere's Law, appear promising for large SCMs but may be limited by the electromagnetics of a fusion plasma. The Solid Superconducting Cylinder (SSC) concept is proposed. This concept combines the unique properties of high-T _c superconductors within a low-T _c SCM to obtain (1) significant reductions in the structural material volume, (2) a decoupling of the tri-axial (compressive and tensile) stress state, and (3) a demountable TF magnet system. The advantages of this approach are quantified in terms of a 24 T commercial reactor TF magnet system. Significant reductions in the mechanical stress and the TF radial build are demonstrated.     

新型地那米加速器磁场扫描电源的研制

研制开发了开关型三角波磁场扫描电源。改进后的扫描电源比原有电源的体积缩小近２０倍,重量冯轻约１０倍,同时,扫描均匀度显著提高,且操作方便,能较好地抑制高频干扰,在防止高压打火引起仪器损坏方面效果明显,并增加了电源输出波形的显示功能。同时还探讨了扫描均匀度及保护电路的切换时间问题。     

Design of the dummy coil for magnet power supply

It is necessary to test it on a dummy coil, before using a magnet power supply (MPS) to energize a Poloidal Field (PF) coil in the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) device. The dummy coil should accept the same large current from the MPS as the PF coil and be within the capability of the utilities located at the KSTAR site. Therefore a coil design based on the characteristics of the MPS and other restrictive conditions needed to be made. There are three requirements to be met in the design: an electrical requirement, a structural requirement, and a water cooling requirement. The electrical requirement was that the coil should have an inductance of 40 mH. For the structural requirement, the material should be non magnetic. The coil support structure and water cooling manifold were made of SUS 304. The water cooling requirement was that there should be sufficient flow rate so that the temperature rise ΔT should not exceed 12 °C for operation at 12.5 kA for 5 min. Square cross-section hollow conductor with dimensions of 38.1 mm × 38.1 mm was used with a 25.4 mm center hole for cooling water. However, as a result of tests, it was found that the electrical and structural requirements were satisfied but that the water cooling was over designed. It is imperative that the verification will be redone for a test with 12.5 kA for 5 min.     

高精度磁铁电源的本地智能化控制

针对北京正负电子对撞机二期工程（BEPCII）对电源系统的要求,设计、研制了高精度磁铁稳流电源的本地智能控制器。电源电流给定值通过18位的D／A转换器AD760,电流值的回采通过24位的A／D转换器ADS1210实现。简要介绍了控制器软硬件的设计,并给出了控制器在电源工程样机上测试的数据,验证了设计的合理性和使用的可靠性。     

合肥光源6T超导Wiggler磁铁电源系统

叙述了我国第一台6T超导Wiggler磁铁电源系统的组成、失超保护电路、控制系统的组成及实际操作。     

高精度磁铁稳流电源智能化接口的研制

介绍一台专用于高精度稳流电源的智能化接口的设计方案及样机的研制结果。该接口用单片机作为核心实现对大功率、高精度的磁铁电源进行智能化的本地控制与作为远程遥控接口的功能。具有运行参数的设定、运行状态的检测、故障报警及记录、运行数据的保存及与计算机的通讯等功能。采用了主控机箱与操作面板分离的两体方案,主机与面板之间用串行数字信号进行连接。     

合肥光源6T超导Wiggler磁铁电源系统

叙述了我国第一台６Ｔ超导Ｗｉｇｇｌｅｒ磁铁电源系统的组成、失超保护电路、控制系统的组成及实际操作。     

CPLD和单片机在脉冲磁铁开关电源中的应用

介绍一种利用可编程逻辑器件(CPLD)和单片机相结合的技术而开发的高性能脉冲电源控制系统。     

上海同步辐射装置电源控制系统

上海同步辐射装置电源控制系统是基于EPICS系统开发运行的分布式控制系统。系统中~65 K实时数据库记录分布运行于27个VME总线的IOC控制器中,实现了对600多台各类磁铁电源的访问控制。本文介绍了电源控制系统基于Ethernet的层次式结构与工作原理,分别描述了针对PSI与SINAP电源控制器的控制解决方案,同时介绍了系统的硬件设备、IOC和控制台软件及系统中采用的通讯技术。     

单片机在高精度磁铁稳流电源智能化接口中的应用

介绍了自行研制的高精度稳流电源智能化接口中单片机的应用。将高容量、多功能、高输出能力的PIC16F877单片机分别应用在大功率高精度磁铁电源接口的主控模块和操作面板上,可以大幅度提高智能化接口的性能。研制成功的两体式智能化接口具有体积小、造价低、抗干扰能力强、可嵌入到电源机箱内等优点。     

Proposed high voltage power supply for the ITER relevant lower hybrid current drive system

In the framework of the EFDA task HCD-08-03-01, the ITER lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) system design has been reviewed. The system aims to generate 24 MW of RF power at 5 GHz, of which 20 MW would be coupled to the plasmas. The present state of the art does not allow envisaging a unitary output of the klystrons exceeding 500 kW, so the project is based on 48 klystron units, leaving some margin when the transmission lines losses are taken into account. A high voltage power supply (HVPS), required to operate the klystrons, is proposed. A single HVPS would be used to feed and operate four klystrons in parallel configuration. Based on the above considerations, it is proposed to design and develop twelve HVPS, based on pulse step modulator (PSM) technology, each rated for 90 kV/90 A. This paper describes in details, the typical electrical requirements and the conceptual design of the proposed HVPS for the ITER LHCD system.     

快扫描磁铁电源的输出电流平滑过零研究

通常扫描电源输出电流在零点穿越时,会出现畸变现象,影响输出电流的线性度。为了消除此现象,提出了一种将扫描电源的工作模态设计为电感电流连续且过零技术方案。首先对电流过零畸变现象对电源的工作模态进行了理论分析,发现在电流连续模式(Continuous Current Mode,CCM)下,将脉宽调制(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)控制的开关H桥变换器与滤波电感电流反向过零(Reverse Zero Crossing,RZC)相结合,这种新的技术方案可实现电流的连续平滑过零;然后结合仿真软件对工作在新模态下的电源系统进行仿真,结果表明新方案的合理性和有效性。最后对采用此方案研制的样机进行实验测试,结果表明新方案能够有效解决扫描电源输出电流过零畸变现象。     

Model-predictive control of power supply for particle accelerators

In this paper, model-predictive control （MPC） is proposed for controlling power source of accelerators. The system state equa.tion is employed as the predictive model. With MPC, the difference between possible output and the ideal output is forecasted and decreased, so that the system can trace the ideal trail as closely and quickly as possible. The results of simulations and experiments show that this method can reduce influence of low frequency noise.     

CPLD在HIRFL-CSR电源控制模块中的应用

介绍了一种采用复杂可编程逻辑器件（CPLD）实现HIRFL—CSR电源控制模块中单片机外围电路的方法，将低位地址锁存、地址译码、数据总线、分频电路、比较、计数以及逻辑电路集成于一片CPLD．大大缩小了印制板的面积并提高了系统可靠性．同时，由于CPLD的现场可编程性，使整个系统的灵活性显著增强。     

EBS加速器电源控制系统的研制

EBS(Electron Beam System)加速器是专为橡胶乳液的辐照硫化加工而研制的.本文简述了加速器电源控制系统的软硬件组成,目前该系统已经完成研制组装,并进行了空载试验.     

HIRFL-CSR主环磁铁电源数据采集控制模块设计

介绍了一种基于微处理器TMS320VC5402的磁铁电源电流数据采集控制模块,给出了模块的硬件组成和软件设计.经过测试表明该模块具有非常高的控制精度,处理能力强,速度快,而且集成度高,便于组成网络控制系统,现已应用于HIRFL-CSR主环六极磁铁电源控制系统中.     

Design of the HL-2M power supply control system

The power supply control system is one of the most important local control systems of HL-2M tokamak. The power supply system of HL-2M is composed of four flywheel generator sets with total capacity of 600 MVA, all the magnetic field coil power supplies and high voltage power supplies of auxiliary heating system. The control system of power supply should make sure the large amount of on-site equipment and facilities to operate steadily and reliably.This paper presents the architecture of HL-2M control system and four kinds of established control networks. It describes how the power supply control system is built by using the established hardware structures and software agreements. Specially, it is focused on introducing an application of real-time technology based on the reflective shared memory and the fully digital compact solution for controlling the high power converters. Otherwise, a scheme which adopts PROFINET and Sequence of Events technology to carry out the intellect interlock control system is given.