A novel fuzzy clustering algorithm with non local adaptive spatial constraint for image segmentation

Generalized fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm with improved fuzzy partitions (GIFP_FCM) is a novel fuzzy clustering algorithm. However when GIFP_FCM is applied to image segmentation, it is sensitive to noise in the image because of ignoring the spatial information contained in the pixels. In order to solve this problem, a novel fuzzy clustering algorithm with non local adaptive spatial constraint (FCA_NLASC) is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, a novel non local adaptive spatial constraint term is introduced to modify the objective function of GIFP_FCM. The characteristic of this technique is that the adaptive spatial parameter for each pixel is designed to make the non local spatial information of each pixel playing a different role in guiding the noisy image segmentation. Segmentation experiments on synthetic and real images, especially magnetic resonance (MR) images, are performed to assess the performance of an FCA_NLASC in comparison with GIFP_FCM and fuzzy c-means clustering algorithms with local spatial constraint. Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust to noise in the image and more effective than the comparative algorithms.     

Infrared image segmentation algorithm based on distribution information intuitionistic fuzzy c-means clustering

Due to the sensitivity of the traditional intuitionistic fuzzy c-means (IFCM) clustering algorithm to the clustering center in image segmentation,which resulted in the low clustering precision,poor retention of details,and large time complexity,an intuitionistic fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm was proposed based on spatial distribution information suitable for infrared image segmentation of power equipment.The non-target objects with high intensity and the non-uniformity of image intensity in the infrared image had strong interference to the image segmentation,which could be effectively suppressed by the proposed algorithm.Firstly,the Gaussian model was introduced into the global spatial distribution information of power equipment to improve the IFCM algorithm.Secondly,the membership function was optimized by local spatial operator to solve the problem of edge blur and image intensity inhomogeneity.The experiments conducted on Terravic motion IR database and the data set containing 300 infrared images of power equipment show that,the relative region error rate is about 10% and is less affected by the change of fuzzy factor m.The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed algorithm are superior to other comparison algorithms.     

变长度微粒群优化模糊聚类的自适应图像分割方法

模糊C均值聚类(FCM.fuzzy c-means)图像分割方法,对初值选取较敏感,并且需要事先确定聚类数目.为此,提出了一种基于变长度微粒群算法(PSO,particle swarm optimization)优化PBMF模糊聚类的自适应图像分割方法.PBMF指标函数考虑了聚类数目和聚类中心,通过设计变长度PSO算法来实现PBMF指标函数的优化过程,并利用统计直方图将图像从像素窄间映射到灰度直方图特征空间,从而快速地获得图像的最佳聚类数日和聚类中心.对遥感图像的分割实验表明,该自适应分割策略具有全局搜索图像最佳聚类数月和聚类中心的能力,以及较强的抗噪能力.     

一种二型模糊可能性聚类红外图像分割算法

提出了一种新的基于二型模糊可能性聚类的红外图像分割算法。针对受概率约束的模糊聚类算法和不受概率约束的可能性聚类算法在红外图像分割时存在的问题,采用二型模糊系统融合两种分割算法的隶属度函数,将隶属度函数看作一个区间型分布,而不是单独采用两种算法输出的确定模糊值。这种处理方式不但能有效抑制噪声及野值,而且能有效防止红外图像的过分割。实验仿真结果表明,该算法较传统聚类算法能获得更好的分割效果,可有效抑制噪声对目标区域分割的干扰。     

马尔可夫化的多尺度FCM在影像分割中的应用

为了同时处理影像分割问题中的随机性与模糊性,提出了一种多尺度(MR,multi-resolu-tion,马尔可夫随机场(MRF,markov random field)模型下的模糊C均值(FCM,fuzzy C-means)聚类分割算法(MR-MRF-FCM)。利用FCM算法能够处理影像模糊性的优点、MRF模型描述空间关系的长处以及小波的多尺度分析的优点,先对影像进行多尺度小波分解,并对小波系数建立MRF,进而用MR-MRF中的条件概率矩阵代替FCM算法的隶属度矩阵。实验结果从视觉效果和定量指标两方面表明,本文方法优于经典的MRF、多尺度MRF、FCM和核FCM等方法。     

CONSIDERING NEIGHBORHOOD INFORMATION IN IMAGE FUZZY CLUSTERING

Fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm is a classical non-supervised classification method. For image classification, fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm makes decisions on a pixel-by-pixel basis and does not take advantage of spatial information, regardless of the pixels' correlation. In this letter, a novel fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm is introduced, which is based on image's neighborhood system. During classification procedure, the novel algorithm regards all pixels' fuzzy membership as a random field. The neighboring pixels' fuzzy membership information is used for the algorithm's iteration procedure. As a result, the algorithm gives a more smooth classification result and cuts down the computation time.     

多分辨率图像锥的FCM聚类图像分割算法

模糊C-均值（FCM）聚类算法是一种基于像素分类的图像分割方法，在分割的过程中，仅仅利用了像素点的灰度信息，但在灰度密度丰富变化和图像的对比度不明显的情况下，物体和背景的分布将相互重叠而密不可分，往往得不到满意的分割效果。为了解决上述问题，现提出了一种基于多分辨率图像锥的模糊C-均值聚类图像分割算法。该方法利用多分辨技术产生多分辨率图像锥，将图像从空间信息引入，考虑图像的局部特性，使分割算法局限于图像的子图像中，物体和背景比单纯运用FCM更容易区分，且算法稳定性高，速度快。     

基于模糊C均值聚类与空间信息相结合的图像分割新算法

针对传统的模糊C均值聚类（FCM）图像分割方法未考虑图像的空间信息,对噪声十分敏感的问题,本文提出了一种结合空间信息的模糊C均值聚类分割新算法;该算法将图像的二维直方图引入传统的模糊C均值聚类算法中,并对隶属函数做了改进;依据平方误差和最小准则,来确定模糊分类矩阵及聚类中心;最后,依据最大隶属度原则,划分图像像素的类别归属,以改善传统的PCM算法的分割质量。实验结果表明,该算法显示了较好的分割效果和较强的抗噪性能。     

一种基于Ｃ均值的模糊核聚类图像分割算法

模糊核聚类算法是一种结合无监督聚类和模糊集合概念的图像分割技术,已广泛应用于图像分割领域,但其算法对初值敏感,很大程度上依赖初始聚类中心的选择,并且容易收敛于局部极小值,用于图像分割时,隶属度的计算只考虑了图像中当前的像素探值,而未考虑邻域像素探间的相互关系,故对分割含有噪声图像不理想。故提出了一种改进的模糊核聚类图像分割算法,先通过数据约简,不损失数据聚类结构的前提下对数据进行挖掘,然后在模糊核聚类算法中引入特性核函数,将约简后的数据映射到高维非线性特征空间进行划分,最后再利用表征邻域像素的参数来修正当前空间像素的隶属度。实验结果表明,提出的算法较好地解决了模糊核聚类算法在局部极值处收敛和在迭代过程中出现停滞等问题,最终得到最佳全局聚类,迭代次数降低明显,并具有高鲁棒性、对噪声不敏感的特点。     

An adaptive spatial fuzzy clustering algorithm for 3-D MR image segmentation

An adaptive spatial fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm is presented in this paper for the segmentation of three-dimensional (3-D) magnetic resonance (MR) images. The input images may be corrupted by noise and intensity nonuniformity (INU) artifact. The proposed algorithm takes into account the spatial continuity constraints by using a dissimilarity index that allows spatial interactions between image voxels. The local spatial continuity constraint reduces the noise effect and the classification ambiguity. The INU artifact is formulated as a multiplicative bias field affecting the true MR imaging signal. By modeling the log bias field as a stack of smoothing B-spline surfaces, with continuity enforced across slices, the computation of the 3-D bias field reduces to that of finding the B-spline coefficients, which can be obtained using a computationally efficient two-stage algorithm. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by extensive segmentation experiments using both simulated and real MR images and by comparison with other published algorithms.     

Level set formulation for automatic medical image segmentation based on fuzzy clustering

The level set method is widely used in medical image segmentation, in which the performance is seriously subject to the initialization and parameters configuration. An automatic segmentation method was proposed in this paper, which integrates fuzzy clustering with level set method through a dynamic constrained term in the new energy functional. It is able to use the results of fuzzy clustering directly, which can control the level set evolution. Moreover, the added constrained term is changing continuously until getting the final results. Such algorithm eliminates the manual operation a lot and leads to more robust segmentation results. With the split Bregman method, the minimization of the new energy functional is fast. The proposed algorithm was tested on some medical images and also compared with other level set models and the state-of-the-art method such as U-Net. The quantitative and qualitative experimental results show its effectiveness and obvious improvement for medical image segmentation.     

C-means clustering fuzzified by two membership relative entropy functions approach incorporating local data information for noisy image segmentation

In this paper, C-means algorithm is fuzzified and regularized by incorporating both local data and membership information. The local membership information is incorporated via two membership relative entropy (MRE) functions. These MRE functions measure the information proximity of the membership function of each pixel to the membership average in the immediate spatial neighborhood. Then minimizing these MRE functions pushes the membership function of a pixel toward its average in the pixel vicinity. The resulting algorithm is called the Local Membership Relative Entropy based FCM (LMREFCM). The local data information is incorporated into the LMREFCM algorithm by adding to the standard distance a weighted distance computed from the locally smoothed data. The final resulting algorithm, called the Local Data and Membership Relative Entropy based FCM (LDMREFCM), assigns a pixel to the cluster more likely existing in its immediate neighborhoods. This provides noise immunity and results in clustered images with piecewise homogeneous regions. Simulation results of segmentation of synthetic and real-world noisy images are presented to compare the performance of the proposed LMREFCM and LDMREFCM algorithms with several FCM-related algorithms.     

Enhanced kernel-based fuzzy local information clustering integrating neighborhood membership

To enhance the segmentation performance and robustness of kernel weighted fuzzy local information C-means (KWFLICM) clustering for image segmentation in the presence of high noise, an improved KWFLICM algorithm aggregating neighborhood membership information is proposed. This algorithm firstly constructs a linear weighted membership function by combining the membership degrees of current pixel and its neighborhood pixels. Then it is normalized to meet the constraint that the sum of membership degree of pixel belonging to different classes is 1. In the end, normalized membership is used to update the clustering centers of KWFLICM algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed adaptive KWFLICM ( AKWFLICM) algorithm outperforms existing state of the art fuzzy clustering-related segmentation algorithms for image with high noise.     

基于粒子群优化非局部模糊聚类图像分割算法

为提高局部模糊聚类算法(WFLICM)对噪声图像 分割的抗噪性,克服模糊聚类图像分割算法对初 始聚类中心的敏感性及易陷入局部最优问题,在WFLICM算法的基础上提出一种基于粒子群 优化的融合 局部和非局部空间信息的模糊聚类图像分割算法(PSO-WMNLFCM)。首先,利用粒子群优化 算法的全局 寻优能力得到最优粒子,并以此粒子作为模糊聚类算法的初始聚类中心。其次,用像素的非 局部空间信息 替换模糊因子中的局部邻域值,产生新的目标函数。最后,由拉格朗日乘子法最小化目标函 数,得到隶属 度和聚类中心的更新公式,从而完成图像分割。仿真结果表明,PSO-WMNLFCM算法相比于 模糊局部聚 类(FLICM)算法、局部模糊权重(WFLICM)算法、非局部模糊聚类(NLFCM)算法、非局部模 糊聚类 (MNLFCM)算法、基于粒子 群的局部模糊聚类(PSO-FLICM)算法的划分系数提高了20.92%,20.51%,24.84%,1.44%,23.28%左右。     

优化的模糊C均值聚类在民族服饰图像分割中的应用

图像分割是图像处理和图像识别领域的重要研究内容之一.目前成熟的分割算法中,对于具有纹理、背景复杂或受噪声污染的图像分割效果不佳.针对这些问题,在模糊C均值聚类算法基础上,Lei等人[1]提出了一种快速鲁棒的模糊C均值算法(Fast and Robust Fuzzy C-means Clustering Algorith...     

A multiresolution image segmentation technique based on pyramidalsegmentation and fuzzy clustering

In this paper, an unsupervised image segmentation technique is presented, which combines pyramidal image segmentation with the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm. Each layer of the pyramid is split into a number of regions by a root labeling technique, and then fuzzy c-means is used to merge the regions of the layer with the highest image resolution. A cluster validity functional is used to find the optimal number of objects automatically. Segmentation of a number of synthetic as well as clinical images is illustrated and two fully automatic segmentation approaches are evaluated, which determine the left ventricular volume (LV) in 140 cardiovascular magnetic resonance (MR) images. First fuzzy c-means is applied without pyramids. In the second approach the regions generated by pyramidal segmentation are merged by fuzzy c-means. The correlation coefficients of manually and automatically defined LV lumen of all 140 and 20 end-diastolic images were equal to 0.86 and 0.79, respectively, when images were segmented with fuzzy c-means alone. These coefficients increased to 0.90 and 0.93 when the pyramidal segmentation was combined with fuzzy c-means. This method can be applied to any dimensional representation and at any resolution level of an image series. The evaluation study shows good performance in detecting LV lumen in MR images.     

一种基于DFC聚类算法的图像分割方法

图像分割是一种重要的图像技术,在理论研究和实际应用中都得到了人们的广泛重视。图像分割的方法和种类很多,有些分割运算可直接应用于任何图像,而另一些只能适用于特殊类别的图像。目前,图像分割的方法层出不穷。其中,最具代表性的图像分割算法是基于FCM聚类算法的图像分割方法。然而FCM聚类算法从理论上来说存在着聚类数目无法自动确定及运算的开销太大的缺点,因而限制了这种方法的应用。针对其不足,本文将FCM聚类算法引入到图像分割方法中。数值实验结果显示：新方法分割图像的效果是良好的。     

Lip image segmentation using fuzzy clustering incorporating an elliptic shape function

Recently, lip image analysis has received much attention because its visual information is shown to provide improvement for speech recognition and speaker authentication. Lip image segmentation plays an important role in lip image analysis. In this paper, a new fuzzy clustering method for lip image segmentation is presented. This clustering method takes both the color information and the spatial distance into account while most of the current clustering methods only deal with the former. In this method, a new dissimilarity measure, which integrates the color dissimilarity and the spatial distance in terms of an elliptic shape function, is introduced. Because of the presence of the elliptic shape function, the new measure is able to differentiate the pixels having similar color information but located in different regions. A new iterative algorithm for the determination of the membership and centroid for each class is derived, which is shown to provide good differentiation between the lip region and the nonlip region. Experimental results show that the new algorithm yields better membership distribution and lip shape than the standard fuzzy c-means algorithm and four other methods investigated in the paper.     

基于模糊信息原理的纹理图像分割方法

提出了一种基于同步自回归（ＳＡＲ） 模型和模糊信息原理进行纹理分割的方法。利用二阶ＳＡＲ 模型对图像纹理进行描述,用最小平方误差方法对模型参数进行估计,在对模型参数分析的基础上,将估计的参数进行改进后作为纹理的特征向量用于纹理图像的分类与分割。由于实际图像带有许多的模糊信息,组成纹理的基元和基元之间的关系也具有很大的模糊性,文中根据模糊信息原理,分析了纹理图像的模糊特性,给出了一种基于模糊贴近度的纹理分割方法。实验结果表明,与常规的距离方法相比,用文中的方法进行图像纹理分割能取得更好的效果。     

Fuzzy clustering with pairwise constraints for knowledge-driven image categorisation

The identification of categories in image databases usually relies on clustering algorithms that only exploit the feature-based similarities between images. The addition of semantic information should help improve the results of the categorisation process. Pairwise constraints between some images are easy to provide, even when the user has a very incomplete prior knowledge of the image categories that one can expect to find in a database. A categorisation approach relying on such semantic information is called semi-supervised clustering. A new semi-supervised clustering algorithm, pairwise-constrained competitive agglomeration, is presented on the basis of a fuzzy cost function that takes pairwise constraints into account. Evaluations show that with a rather low number of constraints this algorithm can significantly improve the categorisation.