提取中间组分的吸附分离工艺及应用

提出了用传统ＰＳＡ改良工艺、双级ＰＳＡ联合工艺、ＴＳＡ与ＰＳＡ联合工艺提取中间组分，介绍了工艺过程、工艺流程和工艺特性，并说明了各工艺工业应用场合和实际意义。     

非耦联吸附塔新变压吸附工艺的实验研究

通过提氢实验研究一种新的变压吸附工艺.变压吸附流程的主要特征是通过中间均压罐打开吸附塔之间由均压步骤形成的耦联,从而实现了各塔操作的独立性,并提供了降低吸附压力的可能性.以H₂/N₂/CH₄（60/10/30）混合气模拟石油炼厂干气,进行低吸附压力（≤1 MPa）条件下的提氢操作.针对已有变压吸附工艺的不足和新流程特征,确定了新流程的变压吸附循环时序.分别采用普通活性炭（OAC）和高比表面活性炭（SAC）与5A沸石分子筛（ZMS-5A）的组合吸附剂,研究了不同吸附压力下的变压吸附分离效果,证明此种变压吸附新工艺在1 MPa以下、甚至0.4 MPa的低吸附压力下运行,亦可在较高的回收率下达到99.99%的高氢气纯度,并且显示出更强的对偶然性故障的应变能力.     

变压吸附分离技术的研究进展

简述了变压吸附技术在分离净化方面的应用,及其在分离提纯高沸组分中的研究进展,寻求进一步拓展变压吸附技术的应用领域,开发新型工业装置的途径。     

石脑油吸附分离组分的经济收益分析

文章采用5A分子筛为吸附剂的固定床吸附分离技术将石脑油组分分离,得到较优化工艺条件:压力为0.5 MPa、温度为300℃,对分离得到的脱附油和吸余油等几种油样在乙烯和重整方向分别进行了经济收益的分析,乙烯收率和重整效益增加明显,数据详实可靠,为工业设计提供了参考。     

壳聚糖在酶的吸附提取和分离上的应用

在生物化学和生物工程的基础研究和生产实践中,各种类型的酶的提纯变得日益重要,酶的提取分离方法也在不断更新和改进。随着新材料的研究与开发,用壳聚糖进行吸附提取和分离酶的研究与应用也越来越多。１壳聚糖的结构与性质壳聚糖［Ｃｈｉｔｏｓａｎ,（１,４）－２－...     

Langmuir吸附方程的应用

本文总结了Langmuir方程在吸附分离过程中的应用。利用Langmuir方程得到直观表达混合气组分气体间吸附强弱关系及分离的难易程度的x-y图，推导了Lewis关系式。     

煤焦油轻重组分的分离

介绍了温和条件下煤焦油萃取分离技术,在节约能源和保护环境的前提下实现煤焦油中轻质组分与重质组分的高效分离,并为最终形成规模化生产工艺奠定基础。     

煤全组分的族分离及应用展望

从煤和石油的加工利用方式出发,比较了当前煤和石油加工转化的主要特点,结合煤结构研究的现实需要,论述了进行煤全组分族分离研究的必要性及其理论与应用价值。介绍了族组分分离方法的进展及存在问题,提出了用萃取与反萃取法进行煤全组分族分离的新工艺。     

煤焦油酸性及碱性组分分离方法分析

煤焦油的酸、碱性组分中含有许多高价值的产品,且有些是石油产品所不能替代的。因此对其进行有效分离,提高分离效果,研究其分离方法是十分必要的。本文对煤焦油的酸、碱性组分的进一步分离进行了分析研究。     

吸附树脂提取分离银杏叶提取物的研究进展

银杏叶中含有具有药理作用的黄酮类化合物和银杏内酯类化合物,吸附树脂是提取分离银杏叶提取物（GBE）－银杏黄酮化合物和银杏内酯化合物的有效试,本文综述了树提取分离GBE的机理,比较了用不同树脂提取分离GBE的分离效果,并总结了影响吸附树脂分离提取GBE的多种因素,为树脂提取分离银杏黄酮提供了较为全面的科学信息。     

Comparison study of schemes for separation of intermediate isotope components

ABSTRACT

This paper uses the Q-cascade model to investigate the separation performance of eight schemes, comprising variations of two single-cascades and two double-cascades, to separate an intermediate isotope component. Optimization determines the relationship between the minimum relative total flow and concentration for different concentration requirements of the intermediate component. The results show that single-cascade schemes are not efficient. Rather, the optimal scheme is a double-cascade scheme that uses a three-stream cascade and a cascade with two feeds and an intermediate withdrawal. The successful optimization of all schemes indicates that this approach can be generalized to optimize various multistep separation processes.     

Analysis of a piston PSA process for air separation

The piston driven PSA process offers the potential for achieving productivity improvement by rapid piston action. In the present work, experiments were performed on a laboratory scale piston driven PSA test rig with provisions to vary all the important operating variables, namely, phase angle configuration, stroke length, cycling speed duration and angles of feed introduction and product withdrawal. Air separation on 13X zeolite was chosen as the model experimental system. Experiments with adsorbent particles of two different sizes confirmed that mass transfer resistance is important and may significantly affect the separation performance. A mathematical model was developed to simulate the process. The numerical solution was verified by simulating limiting conditions that had analytical solutions. Some basic model assumptions related to piston motion were verified by comparing with experiments conducted at well-defined limiting conditions like empty column and total recycle. Flow resistance in the connecting tubes seemed to explain the observed difference in both phase and amplitude of the pressure profiles measured at the two ends of the column. The model predictions were generally in good agreement with the experimental observations. The model was used to perform a parametric study in the operating regions that were not covered in the experiments. General inferences are made regarding the operating configurations that are expected to improve system performance.     

A non-Gaussian pattern matching based dynamic process monitoring approach and its application to cryogenic air separation process

Principal component analysis (PCA) based pattern matching methods have been applied to process monitoring and fault detection. However, the conventional pattern matching approaches do not specifically take into account the non-Gaussian dynamic features in chemical processes. Furthermore, those techniques are more focused on fault detection instead of fault diagnosis. In this study, a non-Gaussian pattern matching based fault detection and diagnosis method is developed and applied to monitor cryogenic air separation process. First, independent component analysis (ICA) models are built on the normal benchmark and monitored data sets along sliding windows. The IC subspaces from the benchmark and monitored data are then extracted to evaluate the non-Gaussian patterns and detect process faults through a mutual information based dissimilarity index. Further, a difference subspace between the two IC subspaces is computed to characterize the divergence of the dynamic and non-Gaussian patterns between the benchmark and monitored data. Subsequently, the mutual information between the IC difference subspace and each process variable direction is defined as a new non-Gaussian contribution index for fault identification and diagnosis. The presented approach is applied to a simulated cryogenic air separation plant and the monitoring results are compared against those of PCA based pattern matching techniques and ICA based monitoring method. The application study demonstrates that the developed non-Gaussian pattern matching approach can effectively monitor the complex air separation process with superior fault detection and diagnosis capability.     

热循环吸附装置的初步氢同位素分离

设计建立了热循环吸附法(TCAP)氢同位素分离实验装置,并通过初步实验验证其分离性能。分离柱为双排圆形排列钻孔管结构,总长度约16 m,封装涂钯氧化铝1 558 g。全回流模式的初步实验结果显示,该分离实验装置可有效实现氢同位素分离,全回流模式下,分离柱热/冷循环温度为150℃/10℃,体积分数50.7%H2—49.3%D2的混合气体经30个循环后,柱底部的氘丰度达到98.8%,顶部氕丰度达到98.4%。初步实验结果表明,该分离装置可有效实现氢同位素分离。     

基于ReliefF的主元挑选算法在过程监控中的应用

传统的主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA（算法选取包含大部分方差信息的成分作为主元,并将其应用到过程监控中。但是故障信息不一定会投影到方差较大的成分上,使用方差贡献度挑选主元会导致严重的信息丢失和监控效果的恶化。因此使用ReliefF-PCA算法,其中ReliefF算法从故障角度出发,挑选出在区分正常样本和故障样本上权重更高,效果相对更好的成分作为主元。这样挑选出的主元避免了传统PCA算法在主元挑选过程中出现的主观性、盲目性以及重要信息的丢失。ReliefF-PCA算法在过程监控中主要有两个优势,第1,监控效果更好;第2,对原始数据降维效果更好。随后,基于ReliefF-PCA算法,提出一种加权的故障变量贡献图方法。最后,通过Tennessee Eastman（TE（仿真实验测试,ReliefF-PCA算法达到了预期效果。     

多孔壳聚糖微球的制备及其在污水处理中的应用

以液体石蜡为有机分散介质,戊二醛为交联剂,环己烷为致孔剂,制备了微米窄分布多孔壳聚糖微球,研究了多孔壳聚糖微球对污水中金属离子的吸附特性,测定了吸附动力学和吸附等温线。结果表明,多孔壳聚糖微球对污水中的金属离子具有很好的吸附特性,污水在pH值为2~5时吸附率接近100%。     

纳滤膜分离技术的发展与工业应用

膜分离技术是新型的高科技分离手段,介绍了纳滤膜的特点、发展过程以及在工业生产中的应用。     

玻璃体的分相机理及其在陶瓷釉中的应用

阐述了玻璃体液相分离的基本概念、分相机理与分相范围 ,并以此为基础 ,对分相机理在陶瓷釉中的应用作了较为深入的探讨     

乳状液膜分离技术的发展与应用

乳状液膜分离技术综合了固体膜分离法和溶剂萃取法的特点,是一种新兴的节能型分离手段。介绍了乳状液膜的组成和分类,并对其传质机理和分离过程中的影响因素进行了分析。对乳状液膜在废水处理和冶金工业方面的应用进行了具体介绍。     

变压吸附分离提纯CO_2技术的应用

本文叙述了变压吸附提纯ＣＯ２技术的基本原理和工艺过程，介绍了我国ＰＳＡ－ＣＯ２的开发过程及发展前景，对已开发的ＰＳＡ－ＣＯ２工业装置的生产成本和经济性进行了分析