国内PVD技术应用与研究现状

在总结目前国内商业应用刀具PVD技术的发展状况的基础上,介绍了国内纳米超硬薄膜的研究现状及特点;分析了国内当前PVD技术应用与研究所存在的问题,提出了研究、开发的新思路。     

刀具涂层技术的现状与展望

综述了国内外切削刀具涂层技术的现状 ,展望了涂层技术的发展前景 ,分析了CVD和PVD工艺各自具备的优点和不足。指出 ,开发新的涂层材料和CVD、PVD两种工艺相互补充 ,可获得较理想的涂层效果     

PVD涂层刀具切削天然砂岩失效机理分析

论文针对涂层刀具与石材加工的研究现状,提出了使用PVD涂层刀具加工天然石材。通过实验得到不同切削参数条件下切削力的变化,分析具体切削参数下刀具的磨损情况,得到了PVD涂层刀具切削天然砂岩的磨损机理及失效机理。     

PVD涂层刀具及其寿命研究进展

结合PVD涂层刀具的发展现状,从单层涂层(二元氮化物涂层、多元氮化物涂层、碳化物涂层、氧化物涂层)、多层涂层等类别出发,分别介绍了5类PVD涂层刀具及其寿命的研究现状,并对PVD涂层刀具发展方向进行了探讨,展望了涂层向着多元化、复合化、超高硬度、摩擦系数低的发展趋势。     

氮化钛PVD涂层高速钢刀具

<正> 成都工具研究所近期开发研究的刀具氮化钛物理气相沉积(PVD—physicalvapor Deposition)涂层工艺,是属于八十年代的新技术。氮化钛具有高硬度、化学稳定性较好、与被加工材料摩擦系数小等优点,一直被选用制作化学气相沉积(CVD—Chemical vaporDeposition)硬质合金涂层刀片的涂层材料。但由于CVD 涂层温度较高(900—1100℃),不适合制作涂层高速钢刀具(尤其是精密刀具),直到七十年代后期,国外研究成功刀具氮化钛PVD 涂层技术,才使涂层高速钢刀具的设想得以实现。涂层高速钢刀具的出现,被称为高速钢刀具的革命,它可成倍提高刀具寿命,并可提高切削速度30%左右。因此,在国外工具制造业中它正处于迅速发展的阶段。工具所研究的氮化钛PVD 涂层技术,系标用空心阴极电子枪反应离子沉积原理,采用与南充机器厂协作研制的刀具涂层试验设备。该技术包括:(1)刀具表     

欧洲刀具涂层最新状况及发展模式

介绍了欧洲刀具涂层技术最新发展状况,总结了近几年PVD技术的发展特点,叙述了欧洲涂层技术的发展模式,并对我国该技术的发展提出了建议     

切削刀具PVD涂层技术的研究与发展

PVD涂层技术较之CVD具有显著优点,成为新型刀具涂层的主流技术之一。低温沉积最有效的磁控溅射方法,沉积速率高,工作气压低,镀膜质量高,工艺稳定,便于大规模工业生产,在切削刀具涂层应用中发展迅速。切削加工技术发展对刀具涂层硬度耐磨性抗氧化性与基体结合强度等综合机械性能的要求不断提高,超硬多元和多层等新型涂层得到开发,尤其是基于低温PVD沉积技术的纳米复合涂层正在成为研究热点,并显示出良好的发展前景。     

以涂层改善模具品质

在制造行业中,真空涂层技术出现的时间并不长,20世纪60年代才出现将CVD技术应用于硬质合金刀具上的案例。到了70年代末,开始出现PVD技术,在短短的二三十年间PVD涂层技术得到迅猛发展,究其原因,是因为其在真空密封的腔体内成膜,几乎无任何环境污染问题,有利于环保;     

经新型PVD理后的刀具磨损试验

<正> 硬质合金可转位刀具中,涂层刀具已占60～70%,几乎全是化学涂层(CVD)。CVD处理时,合金基体表面承受高温,抗弯强度下降50%,为防止尖崩刃和破损,需进行倒棱和钝化。物理涂层(PVD)结合强度低,涂层易剥离,未广泛使用。为克服这一缺点,新近开发了阴极电弧PVD涂层技术。下表是使用刀具与加工条件。这里的数据是各种涂层刀具的比较数据。试验刀具是Kennametal公司的K-2S和N-60,其中N-60是Multi-Are3341(即MAV32)物理涂层,K-2S是阴极电弧PVD涂层。切削试验机床为Cazenueve HB725。被加工材料为不锈钢4340。     

涂层刀具在筒节半精加工中的应用

综述涂层技术的现状,分析PVD在筒节加工中的优点与不足,对筒节加工中涂层与无涂层刀具进行了对比。     

Wear resistance and anti-sticking properties of duplex treated forming tool steel

The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of using hard physical vapour deposition (PVD) coatings on forming tools, as well as to determine the influence of plasma nitriding on the load-carrying capacity and wear resistance of coated tool surfaces. A load-scanning test rig was used for evaluation, where duplex treated cold work tool steel samples were loaded against soft austenitic stainless steel and hardened ball bearing steel, respectively. Four different coatings (TiN, TiB₂, TaC and DLC) and two substrate treatments (hardening and plasma nitriding in two different gas mixtures) were included.Plasma nitriding alone significantly improved the friction, wear, and anti-sticking properties of the tool steel. PVD coating, and especially PVD coating of nitrided tool steel further improved the performance. Therefore, from the point of view of tool life as well as work peace surface quality, the DLC coating with its excellent anti-sticking properties and sufficiently good wear resistance represent the best solution for forming tool applications of austenitic stainless steel.     

PVD涂层硬质合金钻头钻削SKD61模具钢试验的研究

涂层技术在切削刀具中得到越来越广泛的应用,性能优异的涂层可以显著改善刀具表面性能,提高其高温硬度、隔热性能、热稳定性及冲击韧性,从而可大幅度提高刀具的切削速度和寿命。基于常见的钻削加工方式以及难加工材料SKD61模具钢,采用应用广泛的刀具涂层工艺PVD(物理气相沉积)涂层,进行了系统的切削试验。分别从切削力、加工表面质量、切屑变形机理等方面,对不同涂层刀具的切削性能做出了对比分析和基于试验结果的合理判断。     

Comparative evaluation of machinability characteristics of Nimonic C-263 using CVD and PVD coated tools

Machining of Nimonic C-263 has always been a challenging task owing to its hot strength, low thermal conductivity, tendency to work harden and affinity towards tool materials. Although coated tools have been used to overcome some of these challenges, selection of coated tool with appropriate deposition technique is of immense significance. The current study attempts to comparatively evaluate various performance measures in machining of Nimonic C-263 such as surface roughness, cutting force, cutting temperature, chip characteristics, and tool wear with particular emphasis on different modes of tool failure for commercially available inserts with multi-component coating deposited using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and physical vapour deposition (PVD) techniques. Influence of cutting speed (V_c) and machining duration (t) has also been investigated using both coated tools. The study demonstrated remarkable decrease in surface roughness (74.3%), cutting force (6.3%), temperature (13.4%) and chip reduction coefficient (22%) with PVD coated tool consisting of alternate layers of TiN and TiAlN over its CVD coated counterpart with TiCN/Al₂O₃ coating in bilayer configuration. Severe plastic deformation and chipping of cutting edge and nose, abrasive nose and flank wear along with formation of built-up-layer (BUL) were identified as possible mechanisms of tool failure. PVD coated tool successfully restricted different modes of tool wear for the entire range of cutting speed. Superior performance can be attributed to the hardness and wear resistance properties, thermal stability due to presence of TiAlN phase and excellent toughness owing to PVD technique and multilayer architecture.     

Statistical model to determine surface roughness when milling hastelloy C-22HS

The aim of this study is to develop the surface roughness prediction models, with the aid of statistical methods, for hastelloy C-22HS when machined by PVD and CVD coated carbide cutting tools under various cutting conditions. These prediction models were then compared with the results obtained experimentally. By using response surface method (RSM), first order models were developed with 95 % confidence level. The surface roughness models were developed in terms of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth using RSM as a tool of design of experiment. In general, the results obtained from the mathematical models were in good agreement with those obtained from the machining experiments. It was found that the feed rate, cutting speed and axial depth played a major role in determining the surface roughness. On the other hand, the surface roughness increases with a reduction in cutting speed. PVD coated cutting tool performs better than CVD when machining hastelloy C-22HS. It was observed that most of the chips from the PVD cutting tool were in the form of discontinuous chip while CVD cutting tool produced continuous chips.     

刀具 PVD 涂层技术的发展

介绍了刀具ＰＶＤ涂层技术和材料的发展现状及趋势,指出在进一步开发新型超硬涂层的同时,具有良好应用前景的软涂层已成为研究开发的另一热点。     

Tribological compatibility and improvement of machining productivity and surface integrity

Machining process productivity and machined part quality improvement is a considerable challenge for modern manufacturing. One way to accomplish this is through the application of PVD coatings on cutting tools. In this study the wear rate and wear behavior of end milling cutters with mono-layered TiAlCrN and nano-multilayered self-adaptive TiAlCrN/WN PVD coatings have been studied under high performance dry ball-nose end-milling conditions. The material being machined in this case is hardened H13 tool steel. The morphology of the worn surface of the cutting tool has been studied using SEM/EDX. The microstructure of the cross-section of the chips formed during cutting was analyzed as well. The surface integrity of the workpiece material was also evaluated. Surface roughness and microhardness distribution near the surface of the workpiece material was also investigated. The data presented shows that achieving a high degree of tribological compatibility within the cutting tool/workpiece system can have a big impact on tool life and surface integrity improvement during end milling of hardened tool steel.     

活塞环表面离子镀硬质膜的摩擦学性能研究

为了改善发动机活塞环的摩擦学性能和提高其使用寿命,采用离子镀技术在活塞环表面制备了CrN硬质膜,并利用SRV摩擦磨损试验机考察了硬质膜的摩擦学特性,研究结果表明离子镀硬质膜的摩擦系数基本与镀铬层一致,但磨损量远低于镀铬层的磨损量,与两种涂层活塞环配副的缸套试样的磨损量基本相当。     

Experiences from scratch testing of tribological PVD coatings

The use of PVD coatings in tribological applications becomes more and more widespread. Thus also the need to fully understand the relationships between the intrinsic properties of the coating, the properties of the coating/substrate composite and the tribological performance of the composite in different tribological systems becomes increasingly pressing. One of the tools available for tribological characterization of coatings and coating/substrate composites is scratch testing. In the current paper, Uppsala University presents a selection of results from many years of scratch testing of PVD coated components. Applications range from adhesion assessment and coating quality determination to estimation of coating fracture resistance. Examples in the form of scratch studies of PVD coatings on various high speed steels and tool steels - including failure mode anaiysis in situ SEM - are given.