以Zn(NH4)3Cl5为输运剂气相生长ZnSe单晶

以化合物Zn(NH4)3Cl5为气相输运剂,ZnSe多晶为原料,用化学气相输运技术(CVT)在封闭石英管中生长出直径9 m m、长度25 mm的Zn1+0 031Se单晶晶体生长区的温度为898～915℃,温度梯度为1.5℃@cm-1,生长周期为21 d.晶体生长端由{111}和{100}单形包围.用RO-XRD技术研究了晶体的结晶质量,ZnSe(111)的RO-XRD谱的FWHM为24 s.光致发光特性研究表明,Zn1+0.031Se单晶体的PL谱由Fx(439 nm)和BBT(418 nm)等发光峰组成,晶体的短波吸收限位于465 nm处,腐蚀点密度为(5～7)×104cm-2.化合物Zn(NH4)3Cl5具有较高的热稳定性,是一种适合气相生长ZnSe单晶的新型输运剂.     

ZnSe单晶的气相生长及光学性质

用改进的化学气相输运技术(CVT),以Zn(NH4)3Cl5为新的气相输运剂,直接从单质Zn和Se一步在封密管中生长了ZnSe单晶,升华温度1001～1020℃,管内温差<4℃。经过两周生长,得到8mm×7mm×0.8mm的绿色ZnSe晶体。XRD表明晶体表面为(111)面;受气固界面形貌影响,双晶衍射半高峰宽为50s;PL谱由DPA和SA两个发光峰组成;并研究了晶体片的吸收光谱、荧光光谱、反射光谱和红外透过等光学性质。     

ZnSe多晶料的合成方法及其工艺研究

简述了单晶生长用ZnSe多晶料的制备方法.分别以颗粒状和粉末状的高纯单质Zn和Se为原料,采用元素直接合成法合成了ZnSe多晶料,分析了直接合成的困难所在.理论分析和实验研究均表明:前期H2-O2焰下高温灼烧(～1500℃)使Zn和Se充分反应,是合成工艺的关键;延长后期恒温时间(不少于2周),使扩散反应进行完全,有利于获得更接近化学计量比的ZnSe多晶料.     

水热合成Sb_2Se_3纳米线及其对Bi_2Te_3纳米粉末热电性能的影响

以SbCl3和Se粉为原料,水合肼(N2H4·H2O)为还原剂,采用水热法在150℃下,分别保温不同的时间合成Sb2Se3纳米粉末.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射电子扫描电镜(FESEM)、透射电镜(TEM)以及高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)等分析方法对产物的物相成分和微观形貌等进行了表征,实验结果表明保温时间达到24h时,获得产物为单相Sb2Se3纳米线晶体.根据实验结果还研究了水热合成Sb2Se3纳米线晶体可能的反应及生长机理,结果表明一维纳米线沿[001]方向生长,纳米线的形成与其独特的层状晶体结构有关.最后采用放电等离子体快速热压烧结法将水热合成的Bi2Te3纳米粉末与不同含量Sb2Se3纳米线进行复合,分析了Sb2Se3纳米线对Bi2Te3纳米材料热电性能的影响,发现复合约1at%Sb2Se3纳米线可以使Bi2Te3纳米材料热电性能有一定提高.     

半导体纳米材料Zn(en)3 Se,ZnSe及其光学性能研究

以有机溶剂热技术制备片状Zn（en）3Se（en为乙二胺）纳米材料,DTG、IR、XRD分析结果表明该化合物中乙二胺与中心离子Zn^2＋通过配位键相结合;以制得的纳米Zn（en）3Se为母体,在氮气氛中煅烧至980℃,热分解制得棒状纳米ZnSe;以TEM、ED初步研究了两者的形貌、结构;以提拉法分别将Zn（en）3Se、ZnSe纳米材料涂布在ITO导电玻璃上,制得纳米颗粒／ITO复合膜,并研究其光学特性。结果表明,Zn（en）3Se属立方晶系,呈片状结构;ZnSe属六方纤锌矿型,棒直径在40nm左右;可能的生长机理是乙二胺作为模板分子,首先嵌入到ZnSe无机结构框架中,接着受热分解逃逸出无机框架形成一维纳米棒。PL分析表明Zn（en）3Se的荧光红移至448nm处。     

溶剂热法合成ZnSe纳米材料

以乙酸锌为锌源, Na₂SeO₃•5H₂O或Se粉为硒源, 采用溶剂热法在乙醇胺(EA)溶剂中一步合成晶型和形貌可控的闪锌矿和纤锌矿结构的ZnSe纳米材料。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、能量色散X射线谱 (EDS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对产物的晶型、成分和形貌进行了表征。结果表明, Se源的选取直接决定了ZnSe纳米材料的晶型和形貌: 以Na₂SeO₃•5H₂O为源, 产物为立方相闪锌矿结构的ZnSe纳米颗粒, 直径30 nm左右; 以Se粉为源, 产物为六方相纤锌矿结构的ZnSe纳米片, 厚度约50 nm。进一步的研究表明, 具有合适配位能力的乙醇胺溶剂和Se源对ZnSe纳米结构的合成起重要作用。通过紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)和室温光致发光光谱(PL)表征了产物的光学性质。     

汞灯辅助MOCVD SnO2薄层晶体的结构与透明导电性研究

采用x—射线衍射(XRD)、高能电子衍射(RHEED)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和紫外可见吸收谱(UV)等技术研究了在汞灯(ML)辅助下进行有机金属化学气相沉积(MOCVD)所得本征及掺杂SnO_2薄层晶体的结构和透明导电性。实验指出,采用汞灯辅助有机金属化学气相沉积(ML-MOCVD)SnO_2薄层晶体比无汞灯辅助的有机金属化学气相沉积(MOCVD)膜层生长速度快,结晶粒度大且其透明导电性能更好。本文对ML-MOCVD SnO_2薄层晶体的结晶粒度与生长温度的关系、掺杂对结晶取向的影响以及可见光透过率、导电性能等进行了较详细的研究。结果指出,ML-MOCVD是获得透明导电优质薄层SnO_2晶体材料的最佳途径。     

用热壁外延法在CaAs(100)上生长ZnSe薄膜

用封闭和开口两种热壁外延法在GaAs(100)衬底上生长ZnSe薄膜。着重讨论了这两种方法对所生长薄膜质量的影响。α台阶仪的测量、X-射线衍射结果和Raman光谱的分析等一致表明,当实验偏离严格热壁外延技术时,所长薄膜的质量明显下降。在源温Tso=700℃、壁温Tw=550℃、衬底温度Tsu=320℃时,用封闭(严格)的热壁外延法成功地长出质量较佳的ZnSe(100)单晶薄膜。XPS测量分析表明此单晶薄膜中Zn和Se的成分比为1:1。     

Cu掺杂ZnSe高效量子点的合成及其光学特性研究

采用生长掺杂方式制备了Cu掺杂ZnSe高效量子点, 探索了不同Zn、Se前驱体配比对ZnSe晶核以及ZnSe:Cu量子点质量的影响, 并研究了Cu离子掺杂过程中的光谱特征。研究表明, 进一步通过在表面掺杂的ZnSe:Cu量子点上同质包覆ZnSe壳层, 能够实现其发光效率和稳定性的有效提高; 采用配体交换能够实现ZnSe:Cu量子点由油溶性到水溶性的转变。这种新型的掺杂量子点有望替代传统含Cd量子点应用于环境友好型固体发光器件和生物标记。     

Cd补偿垂直布里奇曼法生长Cd0.9Zn0.1Te晶体

采用传统垂直布里奇曼法和Cd补偿垂直布里奇曼法,分别生长出两根尺寸为 30mm×130mm的Ccd0.9Zn0.1Te晶锭.测试了晶体的结晶质量、成分分布、位错腐蚀坑密度(EPD)、红外透过率及电阻率.结果表明,Cd补偿垂直布里奇曼法生长的晶体结晶质量好、成分分布均匀、EPD低、红外透过性能好且电阻率高.这说明Cd补偿垂直布里奇曼法是一种生长高阻值CZT晶体的优良方法.     

Chemical Interaction in the ZnSe-ZnTe-Se-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>-C System

Thermodynamic analysis is used to identify the possible chemical reactions in the ZnSe-ZnTe-Se-H₂-C system. The results suggest that one very likely process in this system during ZnSe〈Te〉 synthesis is the formation of fine, fullerene-like particles of hydrided soot, which will persist during the crystal growth of ZnSe〈 Te〉 and may have a significant effect on the physical, optical, and physicochemical properties of the crystals.     

Physicochemical Properties of (CuAlSe2)x(2ZnSe)1 – xSolid Solutions

(CuAlSe₂) _x (2ZnSe)_{1 – x} solid solutions were prepared by a single-zone method. According to x-ray diffraction characterization, the solid solutions had the chalcopyrite structure for x> 0.7 and sphalerite structure for x< 0.7. CuAlSe₂, ZnSe, and (CuAlSe₂) _x (2ZnSe)_{1 – x} crystals were grown by chemical vapor transport and were used for microhardness tests and transmission measurements near the fundamental edge. The results demonstrate that the microhardness and band gap of the solid solutions pass through a maximum and minimum, respectively.     

Structural and photoluminescence investigation of ZnSe nanocrystals dispersed in organic and inorganic matrices

In this work, we report on the investigation of the effect of dispersion of zinc selenide (ZnSe) nanocrystallites into polystyrene (PS) and silica (SiO₂) thin films on their structural, morphological and photoluminescence properties. The ZnSe/PS nanocomposites thin films were synthesized by a direct dispersion of ZnSe crystallites into polymers solution, whereas the ZnSe–SiO₂ films were prepared on glass substrates by the sol–gel dip-coating technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-rays (EDX), UV–visible spectrophotometry and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) techniques have been used to study the structural, morphological and optical properties of the prepared nanocomposite thin films. XRD patterns have demonstrated the incorporation of cubic ZnSe in both organic and inorganic matrices. SEM micrographs have indicated that ZnSe dispersion in the films is homogeneous. UV–visible absorption spectra of the nanocomposite thin films have put into evidence that the dispersion of ZnSe nanocrystals in the thin film matrices improved their optical absorption. Room temperature PL spectra have shown that the addition of ZnSe enhanced the UV emission of PS and all the emission of SiO₂ thin films.     

Luminescence of N-doped ZnSe withp-n junction

Photoluminescence bands ascribed to nitrogen were observed in the layers prepared by N⁺ ion implantation into ZnSe crystals, followed by heat treatment in atomic oxygen or nitrogen. The ionization energy of the shallow donorN _Se was found to be about 105 meV.p-ZnO/p-ZnSe:N/n-ZnSe structures emitting light at forward biases of ≥3 V were prepared. The emission bands in the photo- and electroluminescence spectra were assigned.     

ZnSe单晶CVT法生长与系统优化

采用热力学数值计算的方法, 分析了ZnSe-I₂、H₂、HCl和NH₄Cl化学气相输运系统的特性. 对比计算结果表明, ZnSe-NH₄Cl系统具有压力高、输运反应焓变适中的特点. NH₃分解产生的H₂起着调节输运组分H₂Se分压的作用. 以ZnSe-I₂输运系统中实际输运组分分压值为参考, 确定了ZnSe-NH₄Cl系统中单晶生长工艺参数范围: 温度在1000℃左右, NH₄Cl的浓度范围在0.5~1.0mg/mL之内. 采用该工艺生长了尺寸约为8mm×6mm×4mm的ZnSe单晶, 生长态(111)面摇摆曲线半峰宽为60.48’’, 蚀坑密度(EPD)为(4.5~5.0)×10⁴/cm².     

Crystal Growth and Properties of (CuInSe2) x (2ZnSe)1 – x Solid Solutions

(CuInSe₂) _x (2ZnSe)_{1 – x} crystals are grown by the horizontal Bridgman process and chemical vapor transport, and their composition and structure are determined. The transmission and reflection spectra of the crystals are measured near the intrinsic edge. The results are used to determine the band gap of the (CuInSe₂) _x (2ZnSe)_{1 – x} solid solutions, which is found to vary nonlinearly with composition.     

The use of de-aggregating agents in ZnSe mechanochemical synthesis

Conventional mechanochemical synthesis of zinc selenide, ZnSe nanoparticles was performed in a planetary ball mill by high-energy milling of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) powders with the de-aggregating agents ZnCl₂ and phthalic acid (aromatic dicarboxylic acid, C₈H₆O₄). Physical–chemical and optical properties of the prepared ZnSe nanoparticles were studied and compared. The mechanochemically synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) that confirmed the presence of cubic-Stilleite and hexagonal ZnSe phases after 18, 25, 30, 40, 45 and 50 min of milling with various amounts of the added de-aggregating agents. Size of crystallites calculated from XRD patterns was from 20 to 31 nm for cubic ZnSe prepared with ZnCl₂. For ZnSe synthesized with phthalic acid the crystallite size ranged from 16 to 73 nm. Size, phase composition, morphology, and crystallinity of ZnSe nanoparticles were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Photoluminescence spectra (PL) at room temperature have shown a broad red emission bands, and the presence of de-aggregating agent has altered the intensity of the PL signal as well.     

Indium doping of ZnSe single crystals during vapor phase growth

A process for indium doping of ZnSe single crystals during vapor phase growth is described. The solubility limit of indium in ZnSe is determined as a function of temperature and zinc selenide stoichiometry. The conclusion is drawn that the entire homogeneity range of ZnSe in the equilibrium phase diagram lies at selenium-enriched compositions.     

Effect of Tellurium Doping on the Structural Perfection of ZnSe

Isovalent doping with Te is shown to have an advantageous effect on the structural perfection of ZnSe crystals, causing the wurtzite–sphalerite phase transition to reach completion. The optimum Te content of ZnSe crystals is 0.3–0.6 wt %. According to x-ray diffraction results, ZnSe_{1 – x} Te _x crystals doped with less than 0.3 wt % Te contain twins and stacking faults. Doping with 0.6 wt % Te leads to tetragonal distortions of the ZnSe lattice.