催化结晶型抗渗涂料对水泥基材料性能的影响

研究了催化结晶型抗渗涂料对水泥基材料的力学性能、抗渗性、自修复性和孔隙率的影响。探讨了性能的改善与孔隙率变化的关系。结果表明：经过催化结晶型抗渗涂料处理，试件的力学性能可提高15％以上；一次和二次抗渗性能则分别从0．4MPa、0．1MPa提高到1．5MPa和1．3MPa，显著地增强了水泥混凝土的力学性能和抗渗性，并赋予混凝土养护自愈舍的功能。压汞试验证实，经过催化结晶涂料处理，砂浆试件孔尺寸大大减小，孔隙率从36．4％降低至14．8％。     

注水电测混凝土的相对渗透系数

针对在役混凝土结构抗渗性测定问题,建立注水电测混凝土相对渗透系数室内实验系统,进行了注水孔压力渗水条件下混凝土电阻随渗透时间变化关系试验,并借助达西定律推导出注水电测相对渗透系数Ke的计算式。按渗透深度法规程(DL/T 5150-2001)进行了混凝土抗渗性相对渗透系数Kr对比试验。结果表明:依据渗水过程中不同方位注水孔与观测孔间混凝土电阻值下降特征,能够测定渗水时间,反映渗水各向异性,求得注水电测混凝土相对渗透系数Ke的数值。经试验数据拟合,表明相对渗透系数Ke与Kr之间存在对数函数关系。     

静停时间对长江下游蒸养疏浚砂浆特性的影响

长江下游航道疏浚产生大量疏浚砂,疏浚砂的资源化利用受到重视。利用疏浚砂部分取代机制砂制备砂浆,研究不同静停时间对疏浚砂砂浆特性的影响,测试不同龄期的抗压强度,通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、压汞技术,分析不同静停时间、不同疏浚砂取代率砂浆的微观特性。结果表明：随着静停时间的增加,90 d抗压强度逐渐增加,抗渗性能得到明显改善;掺入疏浚砂使得砂浆的抗压强度有所提高,且随疏浚砂取代率的增加先增大后减小;疏浚砂砂浆的抗压强度与疏浚砂取代率有较大关系,其影响程度与静停时间有关,疏浚砂对低静停时间有较突出的增强效果;疏浚砂有效改善了由蒸养造成的孔结构粗化和孔隙增大等问题,适宜的疏浚砂取代率对蒸养砂浆性能的改善效果明显。     

高阻尼混凝土的抗渗性能研究

制备出高阻尼混凝土并采用快速氯离子渗透法研究了轻集料掺量及其掺入方式对其抗渗性能的影响.结果表明,与同强度等级的普通混凝土相比,高阻尼混凝土具有更好的阻尼功能和抗渗性能,提高轻集料掺量或延长轻集料预湿时间,可较明显地改善高阻尼混凝土的阻尼功能和抗渗性能;利用SEM、孔结构试验探讨了轻集料提高阻尼混凝土抗渗性的作用机理.     

相对湿度对混凝土和砂浆收缩规律的影响

目的研究相对湿度对混凝土和砂浆收缩率和收缩规律的影响，并通过砂浆孔结构分析。阐明孔结构和相对湿度对收缩率及收缩规律的影响机理．方法混凝土收缩按照GBJ82-1985的方法进行；砂浆收缩参照JCA76-2001进行；砂浆孔结构采用BET法测试．结果相对湿度为58％时，掺减水剂砂浆或混凝土的收缩率显著大于不掺减水剂，而当相对湿度大于80％时，收缩率则小于不掺减水剂．孔半径在2．0nm～4．9nm之间的孔体积。掺减水剂砂浆显著大于不掺减水剂的基准砂浆．结论相对湿度对砂浆和混凝土的收缩率及收缩规律影响十分显著，不同相对湿度条件可能导致完全相反的收缩率比试验结果．掺减水剂增大收缩的主要原因之一是微孔体积显著增大．当掺减水剂砂浆或混凝土长期在相对湿度大于80％的环境中使用时．并不增加干燥收缩率．     

水泥砂浆的孔结构与抗渗性

本文根据表面物理化学中的长程作用力原理下，建立了水在砂浆中的渗透高度外加压力及砂浆临界连通孔径三者间的关系。用压汞实验给出的砂浆孔结构数据，实际计算了临界孔径ｒｃ及与之相对应的临界渗透压力ＰＣ和渗透高度的比值。     

邯郸地区再生骨料在混凝土和砂浆中应用

全面研究了邯郸地区用砖混结构建筑垃圾生成的再生骨料的粒径、堆积密度、吸水率、筒压强度等基本性能。通过试验,分别测试了以建筑垃圾为骨料的再生混凝土的干表观密度、抗压强度、抗渗性、抗冻性等相关的物理力学性能、以混凝土废渣为粗骨料的再生混凝土的抗压强度和以建筑垃圾作为细骨料等体积替代砂浆中的砂的再生砂浆的抗压强度,并分别与普通混凝土和砂浆对比分析。试验结果表明：以建筑垃圾为骨料的再生混凝土具有良好的基本力学性能,强度最高可达C30;用混凝土废渣作为粗骨料配制的再生混凝土的强度等级可达C50;再生砂浆的强度不降低。     

轻集料混凝土的抗渗性能研究

利用快速氯离子渗透试验和溶液气压法研究了粉煤灰、矿渣和硅灰三种矿物掺合料对轻集料混凝土抗渗性能的影响.结果表明,掺合料的加入能够显著提高轻集料混凝土的抗渗性能;利用SEM、孔结构试验探讨了掺合料提高轻集料混凝土抗渗性的作用机理,研究结果为深入开展高性能轻集料混凝土的研究提供了参考.     

邯郸地区再生骨料在混凝土和砂浆中应用研究

摘要：全面研究了邯郸地区用砖混结构建筑垃圾生成的再生骨料的粒径、堆积密度、吸水率、筒压强度等基本性能。通过试验,分别测试了以建筑垃圾为骨料的再生混凝土的干表观密度、抗压强度、抗渗性、抗冻性等相关的物理力学性能、以混凝土废渣为粗骨料的再生混凝土的抗压强度和以建筑垃圾作为细骨料等体积替代砂浆中的砂的再生砂浆的抗压强度,并分别与普通混凝土和砂浆对比分析。试验结果表明：以建筑垃圾为骨料的再生混凝土具有良好的基本力学性能,强度最高可达C30;用混凝土废渣作为粗骨料配制的再生混凝土的强度等级可达C50;再生砂浆的强度不降低。研究结果可供工程应用和科学研究参考,为再生混凝土和砂浆的进一步研究提供了一定的理论依据。     

聚合物乳液改性水泥砂浆基本性能研究

为开发高性能的表面修补材料,选用2种聚合物乳液对水泥砂浆进行改性,并对聚合物乳液改性水泥砂浆进行了室内抗压强度、抗折强度、黏结抗折强度、吸水率和孔结构分析等试验.结果表明,聚合物乳液的使用明显提高了砂浆与原混凝土的黏结抗折强度、降低了砂浆的吸水率,改善了砂浆的孔结构分布形态.     

THE IMPERMEABILITY OF CEMENT MORTAR BY DRYTHERMAL CURING

The relationship of unstable osmosis coefficient to time and osmosis deep is derived from the osmosis equation in this paper. Mercury porosimeter is used to study the pore structure of cement mortar. The method of volume density is used to determine the changes of specific pore volume, and therelation between pore structure and impermeability is analyzed. Although the drythermal curing method has many advantages over other curing method, the directional pore along the direction of evaporization of water is formed inside concrete. The harmful pore above 2000(?) is increased and the average diameter of pore rises. As a result, the mortar impermeability loses seriously.     

Effect of fly ash on drying shrinkage of thermal insulation mortar with glazed hollow beads

Drying shrinkage of thermal insulation mortar with glazed hollow beads was measured by a vertical length comparator, and the influences of fly ash with different contents (0, 18%, 36%, and 54% were used) on the long-term drying shrinkage were discussed. The mass loss was measured by the weighting method and the pore structure was characterized using three different methods, including the light microscopy, the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and the nitrogen adsorption/desorption (NAD) experiments, and the correlations among them were researched. The results show that drying shrinkage process of thermal insulation mortar includes three steps with increasing curing time: the acceleration period (before 7 d), the deceleration period (7-365 d), and the metastable period (after 365 d). Drying shrinkage in the first stage (7 d before) increases quickly owing to the fast water loss, and its development in the last two stages is attributed to the increment of the pore volume of mortar with the radius below 50 nm, especially the increment of the pore volume fraction of the pore radius within the size range between 7.3 nm and 12.3 nm. There is no change in the drying shrinkage development trend of mortar with fly ash addition, and three steps in the service life, but fly ash addition in the mortar restrains its value. There is a linear relationship between the drying shrinkage and fly ash content, which means that drying shrinkage reduces with fly ash addition.     

减水剂对CRTSⅡ型CA砂浆强度影响规律研究

高速铁路板式无碴轨道中CA砂浆主要由水泥、沥青乳液和多种外加剂组成,其中减水剂是最重要组分之一.为了探讨不同种类和掺量的减水剂对CRTSⅡ型CA砂浆强度和微观结构的影响,采用聚羧酸系、木质系磺酸钠和萘系3种减水剂,研究了其品种和掺量的变化对CA砂浆抗压强度的影响,并通过SEM观察了其微观型貌特征.结果表明,聚羧酸减水剂对CA砂浆抗压强度降低作用的影响最小;相同品种的减水剂掺量越大,CA砂浆抗压强度降低越明显,流动性越高.SEM微观分析表明,强度性能变化的原因是由于减水剂造成了CA砂浆的孔洞数量、孔径、孔洞连通情况不同.     

水泥砂浆外涂有机硅烷防护效果研究

为了研究外涂有机硅水泥砂浆材料的防护效果,用有机硅涂料对水泥砂浆进行表面涂层处理,并与未涂层水泥砂浆和涂丙烯酸的水泥砂浆相比较,系统研究了改性有机硅涂层对防水抗渗性能、抗碳化性能、抗氯离子渗透等性能的影响。试验结果表明：有机硅外涂水泥砂浆呈现出较好地疏水效果,使用有机硅外涂水泥砂浆的防水抗渗性能大大改善了;与空白组、丙烯酸组相比,涂有有机硅涂层的砂浆的氯离子扩散系数显著降低,约为空白组的1／4,约为丙烯酸组的1／3;随着养护时间的增加,涂有有机硅涂层的试块的碳化程度明显低于空白组和丙烯酸组,而且碳化深度增长速度明显变慢;空白样水泥砂浆密实性较差,表面粗糙多孔,试块结构疏松,而加了硅烷的试块涂料与水泥浆表面粘结紧密,界面区并不明显。为烷氧基有机硅烷作为水泥砂浆防护材料实际工程应用奠定一定的基础。     

Effect of Sand Content on Strength and Pore Structure of Cement Mortar

The effects of four sand contents on the compressive, flexural and splitting-tensile strength of cement mortars were evaluated. Moreover, we experimentally investigated the pore structure of cement mortar brought about by changing the sand content and water/cement ratio. The changes in the pore structure were quantified by measuring the porosity and pore size distribution obtained by using mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP) technique. The test results show that the strengths of cement mortar increase with increasing sand content. It is also suggested that the traditional water/cement ratio law can be applied to cement mortar with different sand contents, provided that a slight modification is introduced. Sand content is an important parameter influencing the pore structure of cement mortar. Moreover, there is a good relationship between the pore structure and strength of cement mortar.     

渗透结晶型涂料对砂浆性能的影响及其机理研究

研究了渗透结晶型防水涂料对水泥砂浆试件的力学性能、抗渗性能以及微观结构的影响,并探讨了渗透结晶型防水涂料的反应机理,结果表明渗透结晶型防水涂料的涂层确实可以通过活性离子传输引发渗透结晶反应,达到堵塞水泥砂浆内部孔隙,增强水泥混凝土性能的目的.     

Comparison of hydration properties between cement-GGBS-fly ash blended binder and cement-GGBS-steel slag blended binder

The hydration properties of cement-GGBS-fly ash blended binder and cement-GGBS-steel slag blended binder were compared. The experimental results show that the hydration rate of cement-GGBS- steel slag blended binder is higher than that of cement-GGBS-fly ash blended binder within 28 days, but lower than the latter after 28 days. The hydration of cement-GGBS-steel slag blended binder tends to produce more Ca（OH）2 than the hydration of cement-GGBS-fly ash blended binder, especially at late ages. Cement-GGBS- steel slag mortar exhibits higher strength than cement-GGBS-fly ash mortar within 28 days, but at late ages, it exhibits similar compressive strength with eement-GGBS-fly ash mortar and even slightly lower bending strength than cement-GGBS-fly ash mortar. Cement-GGBS-steel slag paste has finer early pore structure but coarser late pore structure than cement-GGBS-fly ash paste. Cement-GGBS-steel slag paste can get satisfied late pore structure and cement-GGBS-steel slag mortar can get satisfied late strength as compared with pure cement paste and pure cement mortar, respectively.