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1.
ABSTRACT

In a context where European integration is put into question, under the weight of external (migration, safety issues, economic) and centrifugal forces (Brexit, growing Euroscepticism), European spatial planning has been somewhat sidelined in the debates on the European Union’s goals, cohesion and future. This special issue aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of these dynamics by revisiting the history of European spatial planning – from its origins, gradual institutionalization to its current rolling back – by exploring it both at the European and the national level, stressing its difficulties and idiosyncrasies.

The conceptual framework of historical institutionalism is used across the papers in an attempt to shed more light on this processes, through the analysis of critical junctures and path dependency of planning and cohesion agendas, transnational networks as well as changes to the national institutions and planning systems.

This tightly woven collection of papers touches upon not only the underlying arguments for European cohesion, but also the questions about the future of European spatial planning as an ‘EU microcosm’ in light of current discussions concerning democratic credentials and legitimacy of the EU project as a whole.  相似文献   

2.
    
ABSTRACT

This paper is about a relatively unknown north-west European organization of spatial planning: the (standing) Conference for Spatial Planning in North-Western Europe. The founders of CRONWE tried to create a European spatial planning approach that could influence spatial development in the early years of European integration as the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and later the European Economic Community (EEC) were created. Spatial development, as a topic to be addressed, never reached the negotiation tables though, and CRONWE was created as a permanent platform for discussion with the obvious hope that gradually ‘Europe’ would recognize the relevance and even necessity of European spatial planning. In this paper we use a number of basic concepts of the historical institutionalist approach towards planning research; in particular institutionalization, critical junctures, and path dependency. We apply these concepts to analyse and evaluate the four decades that CRONWE existed. We are particularly interested in assessing why the CRONWE planning agenda remained marginal in the European integration process.  相似文献   

3.
The European Union has always had a territorial agenda, albeit implicit. Existing spatial planning systems in Europe, in particular French aménagement du territoire, have shaped the thinking about how to tackle it more systematically, lately under the flag of an EU territorial cohesion policy. Drawing on work by the European Spatial Planning Observation Network (ESPON), the member states collectively have produced an ‘evidence-based’ document, ‘The territorial state and perspectives of the European Union’. This forms the basis of a political document entitled the ‘Territorial Agenda of the European Union: Towards a more competitive and sustainable Europe of diverse regions’. The subsequent First Action Programme came at a time when it appeared that the Treaty of Lisbon would make EU territorial cohesion policy official. This paper gives an account of the process, pointing out that a turning point has been reached, in that the member states have come to accept the need for EU territorial cohesion policy. Section 1 sets out the theoretical framework and the research approach. Section 2 sets the scene as regards the EU and it institutions. Section 3 looks at spatial planning systems in Europe and, in particular—since it has been instrumental in formulating EU regional and territorial cohesion policy—French aménagement du territoire. Section 4 identifies the implicit EU territorial agenda and how this has been articulated further by the member states formulating the ESDP. Section 5 gives an account of the fledgling EU territorial cohesion policy. Section 6 focuses on the member state initiative to produce the ‘evidence-based’ document, ‘The territorial state and perspectives of the European Union’, which forms the basis for the Territorial Agenda. As a background to this, the section discusses ESPON, which provided the research base for this undertaking. Sections 7 to 9 are about the Territorial Agenda process as such, particularly its making, the substantive policies and the institutional measures proposed therein, and the First Action Programme adopted in the wake of the Territorial Agenda. Section 10 identifies challenges ahead, followed by the final section, which explores issues whose resolution is not immediately in sight.  相似文献   

4.
吴顺民  李进 《城市勘测》2020,(1):45-47,52
党的十八届三中全会通过的《关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》(2013年11月)明确提出要“建立空间规划体系,划定生产、生活、生态空间开发管制界限,落实用途管制;健全能源、水、土地节约集约使用制度”,拉开了新时期国土空间规划的序幕。回顾规划发展历史,总结经验教训,既是推动新时期的国土空间规划工作发展的必要途径,也是新时期国土空间规划建设工作的有益借鉴。  相似文献   

5.
    
One of the most challenging current issues in planning systems is the extent to which they are now being expected to contribute to effective crime prevention, given the importance that both politicians and the public worldwide attach to crime reduction. Recent British initiatives have opened up some of the debates surrounding this matter, and this paper examines key operational elements of these. In particular, the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, has placed a new duty upon British local planning authorities to exercise their functions with due regard both to the effect on, and the need to do all they can to prevent, crime and disorder. The government has subsequently reinforced this initiative by indicating in the Urban Policy White Paper (2000) its intention that crime prevention should become a key objective in planning. This article therefore takes as given the intention that the planning system in Britain should engage more effectively with these matters than it has done to date, noting in passing that there is extensive academic debate particularly around the concept of fear of crime, and begins to address some of the implications for the British planning system of actually doing this.  相似文献   

6.
随着国土空间规划编制和生态文明建设工作的展开,着力保护生态系统已经成为全民共识,构建科学有效的生态安全格局对保护生态系统稳定和区域可持续发展具有重要意义.基于多规合一的内涵,本着"一张蓝图"的原则,将城镇开发边界线、耕地保护红线和生态环境保护红线的划定与生态安全格局构建方法融合,构建哈尔滨的生态安全格局.研究应用三线划...  相似文献   

7.
李云  方晶 《南方建筑》2021,(2):45-50
海洋空间规划作为一种基于生态系统的多用途海洋管理方法和技术手段,也是解决现代社会经济发展中人类行为活动与海洋生态环境保护之间冲突的有效工具。以国土空间规划体系改革和自然资源统一管理为背景,讨论了全要素空间规划体系下的陆海统筹要求,同时对国内外海洋管理及规划研究成果进行综述分析,并结合深圳市海岸带规划编制内容总结了陆海一体化的海洋管理和空间规划优秀经验,从整合海洋空间规划体系、搭建综合管理平台、健全实施监管机制等方面提出了海洋规划管理的框架思路,对未来陆海统筹的海洋空间规划做出发展构想。  相似文献   

8.
    
The paper 1 1. The elaboration of this paper was supported by the European Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement no 217157 (Social Polis). Further information on www.socialpolis.eu. reflects on the EU objective of territorial cohesion, exploring its role as a catalytic concept around which several (spatial and non-spatial) discourses and policy practices have been generated in European Spatial Planning. The assumption is that these discourses act as cultural constructions which define the strategic selectivity of EU institutions and strategically orientate the selective calculation of stakeholders' behaviour and their policy-making activities. The paper further explores the contents of spatial planning discourses related to the territorial cohesion objective analysing the EU official literature and highlighting general trends and main focuses. It provides an interpretative framework based on four categories: “principles”, “territorial dimensions”, “strategic policy options”, and “governance aspects”.  相似文献   

9.
就我国国土空间规划实践而言,近期呈现出快速推进的趋势,学界和业界亦展开了广泛的讨论,相关的研究进展值得梳理并总结。笔者借用CiteSpace文献分析工具,基于中国知网(CNKI)核心数据库,梳理了2010至2020年国土空间规划的相关文献,绘制知识图谱并进行可视化分析。研究内容具体囊括内涵与构建逻辑、行政管理与法规政策体系、编制体系、支撑技术及平台标准、行业及学科展望等5个方面。现阶段国土空间规划的体系构建和学科发展均处于探索求进的初期,需要开展更具外延性的交叉学科研究以及更为深入的内涵式讨论,为加快形成合理的国土空间规划体系、健全国土空间规划制度提供研究依据。  相似文献   

10.
随着中国的城市化进程加快,区域发展面临的机遇促使城乡规划学科中区域规划课程教育面临挑战,目前,区域规划的可持续发展以及综合性国土空间规划的创新发展,迫切需要借助基础研究及其创新成果的推进。从理论、技术和实践三个层面,简要分析了相关基础研究发展对区域规划的显著促进作用。进一步提出,在我国新时代发展的关键阶段,一方面区域规划必须主动与相关基础研究的创新与重大突破相结合,从而有力推动我国区域规划的转型和升级;另一方面区域规划必须主动与国土空间规划体系相融合,根据不同层次国土空间规划发展对区域规划及其课程教学的新需求,从基础研究创新视角,提出区域规划课程教学实践创新的理念和路径,从而为国土空间规划提供不断深化创新的人才准备和理论准备,促进国土空间规划实践的可持续发展。  相似文献   

11.
姚凯  杨颖 《南方建筑》2021,(2):34-38
市级统筹和市县传导是市级国土空间规划编制的重点与难点,通过浙江省地级市规划探索构建 “5+7+5”的规划统筹与传导体系:重点抓住“格局、底线、园区、要素、设施”五大规划核心要素进行市级统筹,依托“结构、指标、分区、边界、名录、位置、规则”七项关键技术支撑规划在市县间传导,同时基于事权体系建立五项配套机制保障规划有效实施。实践表明市级国土空间规划既要遵循自上而下分级的规划传导技术逻辑,更要形成事权对应、上下联动的规划统筹政策逻辑,从而实现空间治理体系与治理能力的全面提升。  相似文献   

12.
国土空间用途管制是国土空间规划实施的关键环节和国土空间开发与保护的核心制度。建设项目用地合规性审查是国土空间用途管制制度改革的重要内容。过去由于城乡规划和土地利用规划的管控对象和机制不同,造成建设项目在规划审批上存在较多不协调,带来建设项目难以落地的问题。随着国土空间规划体系建立和实施,在“多规合一”和全域全要素管控要求下,如何建立统一的建设项目用地合规性审查机制是各级自然资源管理部门关注的重点问题。本研究在梳理过去城乡规划和土地利用规划管控机制特点的基础上,对新时期国土空间体系下建设项目用地合规性审查机制进行了探索,提出基于总—详分层,城镇开发边界内外差异化的项目用地管控思路,并建议按技术修正、一般调整和重大调整等情形分类确定项目用地规划调整方式,为我国国土空间用途管制制度完善提供思路建议。  相似文献   

13.
自然遗产和文化遗产整体保护是全球范围的共识和共同议题。改革开放40年来,在学科建设、学术研究、制度建设和实践发展方面,自然保护和文化保护这2条线索一直相伴相随,但整体上专业领域的分离是比较明显的。近年来,国内相关研究开始关注自然与文化资源的综合价值,诸多国家的空间规划实践也将“美丽宜居国土”作为国家战略目标,尤其关注自然与文化资源的系统性、整体性,以多学科技术支持和多部门协商机制确保美丽国土战略目标的实现。本文强调,为整体塑造更具自然与文化价值的国土空间,自然保护与文化保护相融合是必然的努力方向。包括3个部分:第一部分回顾改革开放40多年来保护制度和理论技术演化的方向;第二部分分析借鉴国际空间规划领域的实践特点;最后一部分提出加强自然遗产和文化遗产保护的综合性和整体性,构建更具自然与文化价值的国土空间策略,包括推进多学科和多主体参与共建,创新全过程的工作方法与数字化技术手段,构建国家遗产空间保护体系和政策保障机制等。  相似文献   

14.
尽管欧盟经济政治一体化成绩斐然,但“去一体化”的声音和活动此起彼伏,始终伴随着一体化的进程。文章从不同主体、不同领域两个角度阐述了欧盟“去一体化”的现实表现,分析了“去一体化”的深层动因,从空间规划视角提出欧盟应对之策。最后从利益协调机制完善创新、地方多元共治合作框架建构以及发挥社会中介组织作用三个方面为国内区域一体化提出相关发展建议。  相似文献   

15.
我国正处于国土空间规划体系完善的进程中,控制性详细规划是国土空间规划“五级三类”体系中承上启下的一环,控制性详细规划课程作为城乡规划专业的核心必修课程,在新的国土空间规划背景下亟待改革和创新。自2020年以来,河北工业大学与时俱进,针对控制性详细规划课程,进行了大量调整和优化,课程结构由之前的纯设计课程调整为“理论课程+设计教学”两部分,然而,课程运行过程中出现了理论课程与设计教学之间衔接不够通顺、教学与行业实践脱节等问题。以国土空间规划相关规范、标准、指南为总引领,优化更新了理论部分的教学内容,调整了学时,并引入OBE理念,从教师、学生两个角色出发,优化了设计课程的教学过程,具体体现为:教师团队“1+1+1”的全过程把控和翻转引导;学生小组“1+1+1”全设计过程的参与协作和自主内化;“学生小组+教学团队”的自主反馈机制和全过程评价机制。强调持续改进是OBE理念的重要内涵之一,控制性详细规划课程的改革与优化将在新的机遇和挑战下持续进行,服务于城乡规划专业人才培养和高质量的人居环境建设。  相似文献   

16.
国土空间规划体系下的绿地系统规划创新趋势   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
党的十九大报告强调,建设生态文明是中华民族永续发展的\"千年大计\",同时将包括\"绿色发展\"在内的\"五大发展理念\"提升到了国家治理的战略高度。继而,《中共中央国务院关于建立国土空间规划体系并监督实施的若干意见》也延续了\"山水林田湖草生命共同体\"理念,明确要求\"保护生态屏障,构建生态廊道和生态网络\"。在此背景下,与以上工作内容密切相关的绿地系统规划,必须及时在国土空间规划体系下进行重新审视,自身地位和作用是否发生了变化?并以此为出发点,思考绿地系统规划在编制过程中,如何支撑国土空间规划以优化国土空间开发保护格局,如何通过绿地布局以实现游憩、生态等产品有效供给,如何协同其他专项规划以形成国土空间开发保护一张图。从解读2019年颁布的《城市绿地规划标准》(GB/T51346—2019)的角度,就管控思维、体系地位和编制创新3个方面对全新规划体系下的绿地系统规划进行剖析。  相似文献   

17.
国土空间规划的推进对学科交叉融合与专业人才培养提出了新要求,城乡规划学科在新时代背景下面临重大机遇和挑战。从国土空间规划切入,论述了城乡规划学科的重要性和人才培养的新要求,剖析了城乡规划本科教育需要解决的四个主要矛盾——传统人才培养模式与创新教学方式、理论类课程与设计实践类课程、旧知识体系与新规划体系、单一学科框架与交叉学科知识,从而得出了城乡规划学科亟待进行人才培养模式转型和课程体系优化的结论。根据新时代城乡规划专业人才培养需求,河北建筑工程学院及时调整培养方案,确定了兼具实践思维、理论思维、逻辑思维和运算思维的复合型高素质人才培养模式,从理清课程体系脉络、增设学科交叉类课程、促进理论和实践的融合三个方面对专业教育课程体系进行了重构。学校依托新的培养方案与课程体系进行了教学改革,取得了良好的教学效果,提升了专业人才培养水平。  相似文献   

18.
为贯彻乡村振兴战略,亟待在国土空间规划中建立村庄分类技术方法与规划指引,本研究提出由“分类标准—指标遴选—分类方法”构成村庄分类的技术思路。文章以南宁市辖区作为实证案例,从社会经济、人文特色、城乡关系、生态保护4大维度,选取11个指标构建村庄类型评价指标体系,基于自组织特征映射网络(SOFM)模型与人工校核修正相结合的方法,将467个行政村分为集聚提升类、城郊融合类、融入城镇类、特殊类和传统发展类5种类型,提出各类村庄差异化的空间管制与发展指引,并探索村庄分类规划传导体系,以期为各层级的村庄规划编制提供宏观村庄规划建议。  相似文献   

19.
日本国土规划实践及对我国的借鉴意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文在分析日本国土综合开发规划的作用、内容、编制审批程序与实施保障体系的基础上 ,结合我国实际情况 ,提出开展国土规划工作需把握开展国土规划的时机、确定国土规划的基本目标和明晰国土规划的法律地位等几个问题 ,以求为我国开展新一轮国土规划工作提供借鉴  相似文献   

20.
法国国土开发政策框架及其空间规划体系——特点与启发   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
刘健 《城市规划》2011,35(8):60-65
法国拥有悠久的空间开发历史和深厚的空间规划传统,自20世纪以来,逐步建立并不断完善了覆盖整个国土、涉及社会经济各个方面的国土开发政策框架,以及从国家到地方的多层次空间规划体系,为促进全面、均衡的国土开发提供了重要的指导和依据,其城乡统筹和区域统筹、特殊地区分区管制、各级地方及职能部门相互协作、城市规划整合落实等特点,对于我国在新形势下建立和完善具有中国特色的空间规划体系,特别是探讨三规合一的可能途径,具有积极的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

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