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ABSTRACTThis paper provides a synthetic presentation of French water governance and its evolution since the 1960s. Through this French experience, it discusses the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) water governance cycle showing disputes as the main drivers of change. France has been a pioneer in introducing water river basin management some 50 years ago. It is also noted for its water services management by local authorities, leaving a significant role to private and public companies. But French water governance has not been frozen since the 1960s and continues to change radically within a framework based upon its unique history. 相似文献
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Chris Seijger Stijn Brouwer Arwin van Buuren Herman Kasper Gilissen Marleen van Rijswick Michelle Hendriks 《国际水》2018,43(1):90-108
ABSTRACTThe OECD Principles on Water Governance aim to contribute to good water governance. Learning and change through assessments are useful ways to strengthen water governance systems. This article presents a methodology for a learning assessment based on the OECD principles. The methodology has been applied to the Dutch Flood Protection Programme. The analysis revealed various functions of the OECD principles, from enhancing understanding to reforming the agenda, reflection and informed action. Recommendations are given on how the OECD principles can be used to come to meaningful action-oriented water governance assessments; they include contextualization, multiple methods, inclusiveness and periodic assessments. 相似文献
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Elizabeth Macpherson;Rosa I. Cuppari;Aurora Kagawa-Viviani;Holly Brause;William A. Brewer;William E. Grant;Nicole Herman-Mercer;Ben Livneh;Kaustuv Raj Neupane;Tanya Petach;Chelsea N. Peters;Hsiao-Hsuan Wang;Claudia Pahl-Wostl;Howard Wheater; 《Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water》2024,11(5):e1734
Global water systems are facing unprecedented pressures, including climate change-driven drought and escalating flood risk, environmental contamination, and over allocation. Water management and governance typically lack integration across spatial scales, including relationships between surface and ground water systems. They also routinely ignore connectivity across temporal scales, including the need for intergenerational water planning. As a global and interdisciplinary group of scientists, we seek to highlight how power and scale dynamics influence and determine water outcomes. We argue that attending to complex water systems challenges requires understanding the function and influence of power at different temporal and spatial scales. Building this understanding is key to designing multi-scalar, reflexive, and pluralistic policy solutions that avoid ineffective or unintended outcomes. We use a co-learning process to reveal important lessons for the challenge of interdisciplinary research and set a pluralist agenda for understanding power and scale in future water governance. 相似文献
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Marleen van Rijswick Jurian Edelenbos Petra Hellegers Matthijs Kok Stefan Kuks 《国际水》2013,38(5):725-742
A three-step interdisciplinary method to assess approaches to water shortage, water quality and flood risks is presented. This method, based on water system analysis, economics, law and public administration, seeks to create common understanding based on newly developed concepts and definitions. First, generating content knowledge about the water system and about values, principles and policy discourses. Second, providing an organizational process with sufficient stakeholder involvement, insight into the trade-off between social objectives, and attribution of responsibilities in addition to regulations and agreements. Finally, implementing the agreed service level through adequate infrastructure, enforcement and conflict resolution. 相似文献
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Review on Regional Water Resources Assessment Models under Stationary and Changing Climate 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
A comprehensive assessment of the water resources available in a region or a river basin is essential for finding sustainable solutions for water-related problems concerning both the quantity and quality of the water resources. Research on the development and application of water balance models at different spatial and temporal scales has been carried out since later part of the 19th century. As a result, a great deal of experience on various models and methods has been gained. This paper reviews both traditional long-term water balance methods and the new generation distributed models for assessing available water resources under stationary and changing climatic conditions at different spatial and temporal scales. The applicability and limitations of the methods are addressed. Finally, current advances and challenges in regional- and large-scale assessment of water resources are presented. 相似文献
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从资源维、社会维、经济维、生态维、环境维5个维度,明确了我国水治理的目标,并系统设计了我国水治理评估指标体系;采用层级等权赋权法和目标一致性法,综合评估我国水治理的现状,并预测2020—2050年水治理的变化趋势。结果表明,改革开放以来,我国水治理指数从低于0. 235快速提升至接近0. 70,其中2010—2015年是我国水治理的加速期,水治理指数提升了50%左右;预期2020年我国水治理指数将超过0. 85,实现水资源消耗利用与经济发展协调; 2030年我国水治理指数将接近0. 95,实现水环境污染排放与经济发展协调,水安全保障能力显著提升,基本实现水治理目标; 2050年我国水治理指数将达到最优值1,实现水资源利用、水污染排放、水灾害损失、水生态退化面积的\"零增长\",全面实现人水和谐。 相似文献
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Sofie A. te Wierik Joyeeta Gupta Erik L. H. Cammeraat Yael A. Artzy‐Randrup 《Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water》2020,7(2)
A review of the literature on water governance reveals that most studies focus on blue water governance; while there is some literature on green and atmospheric water, explicit literature on how to govern green and atmospheric water is lacking. Hence, this paper addresses the question: What are the arguments for governing green and atmospheric water? In order to address this question, we have undertaken a scoping analysis of the literature on green and atmospheric water. We conclude that water governance must proactively address green and atmospheric water since: (a) blue water represents only a part of the available fresh water; (b) blue river basins represent only a subset of the wider systemic nature of water; (c) land use change has significant impacts on various water flows, which all may need to be governed; (d) climate variability and change influences blue, green, and atmospheric water availability; (e) an understanding of the socio‐ecological uses of the different colors of water is critical for a more optimal and legitimate governance of water; (f) new water technologies make it increasingly possible to modify the use of green and atmospheric water; and (g) global trade infrastructures pressurize local green water resources. Neglecting the need for explicit governance of green and atmospheric water could create new forms of “water grabbing” that would impact water availability beyond the basin scale. This article is categorized under:
- Human Water > Water Governance
- Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
- Water and Life > Stresses and Pressures on Ecosystems
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As public and private water policies fail to address urban water insecurity in the Global South, community‐based water governance (CWG) has emerged as an alternative. However, systematic understanding of the current state, performance, and future opportunities of urban CWG remains lacking. We critically review literature (75 case studies from 1990 to 2019) on urban CWG in the Global South, focusing on the current scope and status of knowledge; importance, challenges, innovations, and opportunities; and prospects for scaling up CWG to enhance water security in urban areas. Institutional arrangements, scope and complexity, capacity, and outcomes of CWG varied widely. Most case studies showed improvements in water quantity, supply reliability, pricing, community empowerment, employment, reduced nonrevenue water, and financial viability. Community partnerships with nongovernmental organizations, private‐sector agents, public utilities, and donors; technological innovations; and community autonomy were important for financial sustainability, asset security, and service improvements. Many CWG interventions however remained fragmented, limited in geographic scope, and were undermined by poor funding, weak infrastructure and capacity, political interference, overburdening of poor communities, and collective‐action challenges surrounding elite capture, marginalization, and unequal benefit sharing. We argue that these challenges notwithstanding, CWG interventions offer more benefits than failures and remain critical alternatives for urban water security in the Global South. New research is needed to understand the impact of CWG under diverse settings, the role of incentives and financing mechanisms, and how persistent collective‐action challenges including gendered participation and marginalization undermine CWG. This article is categorized under:
- Human Water > Water Governance
- Engineering Water > Planning Water
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While many studies have investigated governance‐related values such as sustainability, economic efficiency, or social justice as dimensions of good water governance, the concept of governance‐related values as a separate category of values has received considerably less attention. The present study reviews existing, mostly normative work on governance‐related values and water governance from various disciplines, including policy‐oriented and water ethics literature. The review points towards a lack of studies that seek to understand empirically how governance‐related values are perceived and related in the mind of the public as well as among relevant stakeholders. The study proceeds with an illustration of how quantitative research methods can be used to study these linkages in practice. It uses data from a large household survey on public preferences for governance‐related values conducted in the Upper Paraguay River Basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil, and examines these with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis techniques. The results suggest that there may be three relevant broad categories of governance‐related values, namely democratic governance‐related values, economic governance‐related values, and scientific governance‐related values. The article concludes by pointing out the need for further empirical research and academic debate on the fundamental ways in which governance‐related values are interrelated as dimensions of good water governance, and environmental governance more broadly. This article is categorized under:
- Human Water > Water Governance
- Human Water > Value of Water
- Engineering Water > Planning Water
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Walid A. Abderrahman 《国际水》2013,38(4):513-518
Abstract Saudi Arabia experienced extensive and rapid developments in all sectors during the last two decades with a rapid and vast increase in water demand. The country follows the sacred principles of the Muslim law “Shari'a,” where water is considered the common entitlement of all Muslims. In the last decades, however, the traditional methods for satisfying the limited water needs have been modified in accordance with Islamic laws to meet the rise in water demand and organize water management issues. Legislation and institutions, new water pricing policies, demand reduction techniques, and regulations for well drilling have been introduced. Support of cultivation of some crops has been modified to minimize irrigation water use, and modern irrigation techniques have been practiced to reduce water losses and demand. The Council of Muslim Leading Scholars has given pioneering examples of the flexibility of Islam by issuing a special Fatwa to regulate the reuse of treated effluents for different purposes. This has promoted wastewater recycling by the public. The Islamic principles used in Saudi Arabia have helped to improve water demand management, and the gained experience can benefit other countries. 相似文献
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依据丰富的古籍文献和调查资料,详细考证了温州古城水系布局和城市格局,对相关历代治水和古城水系演变的历史渊源进行深入研究与探讨。在此基础上,总结了古城规划格局和河网水系布局特点和风格,提出古城防洪、排涝、治污、供水等功用价值,同时兼顾对外交通、岸线利用、港口开发等功能,从而阐释了温州浓厚的水文化内涵。 相似文献
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A critical legal issue in water governance is who owns and who holds property rights in water. Hence, we address the question: How has the state of legal knowledge on private property rights in water evolved worldwide, and how are these rights embedded in the current existing legal constructions? In answering the question, this article reviews the legal literature to: (i) understand the current state of water ownership and water property rights in the main legal systems, (ii) understand and capture how private water “property” rights are embedded in the existing legal constructions; and (iii) reflect on the application of these rights in practice. We conclude: (a) While most states have placed water in the public domain, past statutory systems of water rights are difficult to abolish, and increasingly Indigenous peoples are successfully demanding recognition of, and reclaiming their water rights. (b) States are (re)allocating water rights through statutory mechanisms, including clearly defined bundle-of-rights. And (c), while the state ostensibly controls the water, the allocation of water through historic and new statutory instruments “encroaches” on state water ownership, and has created confusion affecting the state's power to adaptively govern the water. This confusion reflects the tension between the need of states to own and govern water in the public interest, the rights of Indigenous peoples to their water, with the need of agriculture and industries to have reliable supplies of water, leading to water use rights that imply “quasi-property” rights in water. This article is categorized under:
- Human Water > Water Governance
- Human Water > Rights to Water
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水资源可持续利用的原则与保障条件 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
水资源作为自然资源的重要组成部分之一，其可持续利用是促进可持续发展的基本资源保证。水资源可持续利用的原则应遵循区域公平原则、代际公平原则、需求管理原则、可持续利用原则。在满足上述原则的基础上实现水资源可持续利用，就应努力创造各种保障条件，以社会、经济、环境可持续目标所需要的水资源可持续利用。 相似文献
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制度文化水危机--兼论水的治道变革 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
水安全与水危机体现的是人与自然相互依存的关系.自然气候突变和人类不当活动都会产生并潜伏致灾因子,引发水危机.水危机的产生与演化涉及制度、传统文化、人文价值等深层次原因.解决水危机必须推动水的治道变革,推进文化复兴与环境道德重建,重构政府治理模式. 相似文献
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The saga over exempt wells in the western United States and Canada epitomizes a new type of water conflict – a spaghetti‐western water war. The political melodrama stars local governments to serve as sheriff of water‐supply planning duties. Exempt wells number in the millions, and herding the growing numbers is testing the mettle of the states and provinces responsible for the management, allocation, and protection of natural resources. The separation of laws governing ground water and surface water, coupled with changes in geography and geology within a jurisdiction, compound the administrative riddle and give rise to a broad spectrum of conflicts, from differing interpretations of hydrogeologic data, economic impacts associated with increasing the herd, to differing identities associated with the use of ground water from the exempt wells. Despite the political melodrama of exempt wells, there is room and willingness for other trails and paths to keep the herd intact. This paper describes the different breeds of conflicts associated with exempt wells and gives examples of how the mysterious stranger of collaborative decision making processes and water governance systems can ride into town and lead to successful water management and conflict resolution. 相似文献
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