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The European Water Framework Directive provides a new impetus to manage river catchments in more integrated, joined-up ways.
This article looks at the role of stakeholders in integrated catchment management. Taking the work of the Environment Agency
as a case study, the article begins by looking at recent successes at managing water related issues and the role of stakeholders
in this. It then looks at ways in which water environments continue to be vulnerable, particularly to diffuse pollution, some
development practices and climatic changes. It argues for the need for more integrated management responses, characterised
by collaborative and inter-disciplinary learning to manage the interdependencies, complexities and uncertainties of catchments
as integrated systems. This will require both the strengthening and streamlining of current approaches to stakeholder engagement,
as well as the development of new approaches. The article concludes by outlining recent work by the Environment Agency to
shape these new arrangements for stakeholder engagement, and by reflecting on the lessons learned from this. 相似文献
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Adaptive management is a structured approach for people who must act despite uncertainty and complexity about what they are managing and the impacts of their actions. It is learning‐by‐doing through deliberate cycles of experimentation, review, and synthesis. However, understanding the processes of learning and how they relate to achieving resource management goals is in its infancy. Reflexive learning—a process of identifying and critically examining assumptions, values, and actions that frame knowledge—is critical to the effectiveness of adaptive management. It involves adaptive feedbacks between stakeholders as they examine assumptions, values, and actions. Adaptive management has been applied to environmental flows because it offers a system for making decisions about tradeoffs. In the Murray Darling Basin (MDB), Australia, adaptive management is applied as a cycle of plan, do, monitor, and learn, facilitated by short‐ and long‐term learning among stakeholders. An alternative conceptualization of adaptive management as an integration of single‐, double‐, and triple‐loop learning across multiple levels of governance is presented. This is applied to environmental flows in the MDB to map adaptive feedbacks of reflexive learning. At the lowest level of governance (Water Resource Planning Area), goals are assessed as Thresholds of Potential Concern related to flow‐ecology responses, which are reviewed every 3–6 years. At the second level of governance (Basin‐States), Water Management Targets are the key goals; reviewed and reframed every 6–10 years. The highest level of governance (the MDB) is concerned with policy targets, with review and reframing over 8–15 years. Feedbacks that generate reflexive learning are complex and require commitment to move through the modes of single‐, double‐, and triple‐loop learning. Effective adaptive management of environmental water requires practitioners to situate themselves within a matrix of information flow across modes of learning, levels of governance, and components of a social‐ecological system, where reflexive learning drives the achievement of management goals. 相似文献
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Deborah J. Bathke Tonya Haigh Tonya Bernadt Nicole Wall Harvey Hill Andrea Carson 《Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Education》2019,167(1):50-67
Sustainable management is a complex process that involves balancing the competing interests of the human, plant, and animal communities that depend on watershed resources. It involves developing and implementing plans, programs, and projects that sustain and enhance watershed functions while taking into account the natural, social, political, economic, and institutional factors operating within the watershed and other relevant regions. Examples of such factors include crosscutting mandates by different levels of government, conflicting objectives across sectors, and the constraints and uncertainty of the availability and accessibility of the resources within the watershed. One way to address these complexities is with public participation processes designed to share knowledge among disciplinary experts, policy‐makers, and local stakeholders and provide outcomes, which inform the creation of sustainable watershed management plans. Serious games (i.e., games played for purposes other than pure entertainment) are an example of such processes. Here, we present a case study of how a serious game, called the multi‐hazard tournament, was used to facilitate watershed management by promoting social learning, cross‐sectoral dialogue, and stakeholder participation in the planning process. 相似文献
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In this paper we discuss the use of system dynamics as a methodology with which to address dynamically complex problems in
water resources management. Problems in regional planning and river basin management, urban water management, flooding and
irrigation exhibit important short-term and long-term effects, and are often contentious issues with high potential for conflict.
We argue that system dynamics combined with stakeholder involvement provides an appropriate methodology to address these issues
effectively. We trace the theoretical and practical evolution of system dynamics in these areas over the past 50 years. From
this review of the literature and selected case studies we identify and discuss a number of best practices and common pitfalls
in applications of system dynamics simulation. 相似文献
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从黄河三角洲自然地理条件出发，结合该区黄河来水日趋减少，且近年又多有断流发生的实际情况，提出解决黄河三角洲灌溉水源紧缺的对策：修建平原水库，搞好渠道防渗，推广节水灌溉技术，做好计划用水，推行蓄淡压盐、种植旱作物等农业措施。 相似文献
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Md. Yeamin Hossain Md. Alomgir Hossen Zannatul Mawa Md. Ataur Rahman Md. Rabiul Hasan Md. Akhtarul Islam Dalia Khatun Md. Ashekur Rahman Sumaya Tanjin Most. Shakila Sarmin Md. Abul Bashar Jun Ohtomi 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2021,26(1):59-69
The present study provides the first indication of the life‐history traits, including, population structure, growth pattern, condition factor, form factor (a3.0), size at first sexual maturity (Lm), natural mortality (MW) and optimum catchable length (Lopt), of three Ambassid (Chanda nama, Parambassis lala and Parambassis ranga) fishes from the Mathabhanga River in southwest Bangladesh. A total of 370 individuals were occasionally collected from August 2017 to July 2018 with cast nets, gill nets, square lift nets, and conical‐ and box‐traps. The total length (TL) ranged from 2.4 to 7.5 cm for C. nama, 1.9–3.8 cm for P. lala and 1.8–6.5 cm for P. ranga. The length‐frequency distributions (LFDs) showed the 4.0–5.0 cm TL size group for C. nama and the 3.0–4.0 cm TL size group were numerically dominant for P. lala and P. ranga. The length–weight relationships (LWRs) indicated isometric growth for C. nama, and positive allometric growth for P. lala and P. ranga. All the LWR values were very significant (p < .001), with all r2 values > .950. Based on the Spearman rank correlation test, body weight (BW) versus Fulton's‐condition factor (KF) was extremely correlated (p < .001), indicating a better wellbeing for these species. The a3.0 value was 0.0082, 0.0138 and 0.0104 for C. nama, P. lala and P. ranga, respectively. Based on the maximum length (Lmax), the Lm was 4.4 cm TL for C. nama, 2.5 cm TL for P. lala, and 4.0 cm TL for P. ranga. Based on the asymptotic length (L∞), the Lm was 4.88 cm TL for C. nama, 2.63 cm TL for P. lala, and 4.28 cm TL for P. ranga. The MW value was 2.2, 3.3 and 2.7/year for C. nama, P. lala and P. ranga, respectively. The optimum catchable length (Lopt) was 5.36 cm TL for C. nama, 2.75 cm TL for P. lala and 4.65 cm TL for P. ranga. The findings of the present study should be very useful for effective and sustainable management of these fishes in the Mathabhanga River and the connecting ecosystems. 相似文献
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Ripan Debnath 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2016,21(2):152-161
Watershed management has evolved during the 1990s in Bangladesh. However, it has not yet achieved much exposure in the country, even though wetlands play a very significant role in its ecology, economy and stakeholder livelihoods. Several watershed management programmes have been initiated in the country with a co‐management and participatory approach, but in a piecemeal basis. Many wetland problems have arisen as a result. This study reviews watershed management programmes and undertakes a sustainability analysis of three recent initiatives, namely MACH, Nishorgo and Tanguar Haor projects, on the basis of the main watershed exchanges. This analysis indicates these projects are/were less environmentally, but more socially and economically, sustainable. Thus, this study suggests first incorporating the unaccounted environmental sustainability indicators. Moreover, the country's future management programme(s) should incorporate stakeholder livelihood improvements and social empowerment via education and training schemes, by ensuring social inclusiveness that makes the management initiatives locally sustainable. 相似文献
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根据感潮河段水文特点,分析了感潮段沿江引水闸传统控制方式存在的缺陷,提出了利用水闸自动监控实现水闸过闸流量的自动调节的方式,较好解决了传统控制方式存在的缺陷。结合高港节制闸流量自动调节控制技术的应用,对该技术进行了全面的介绍。 相似文献
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长江三角洲地区是我国经济最为发达、城市化程度最高的地区之一.城市化的快速发展,有力促进了该地区经济发展.但近年来随着城市化的快速推进,流域不透水面积迅速增加、众多湖泊河网衰退消亡,由此引发的河流水质恶化、洪涝干旱灾害加剧等一系列水文、水资源与水环境问题,已严重威胁到人类的生存环境,并影响经济的可持续发展.为此本文选择该地区内一些典型区域,基于长系列降雨径流资料,以遥感和GIS作支持,通过模拟计算与综合分析,围绕城市化对城市降雨与径流的长期影响、对城市暴雨洪水的影响,以及对河网水系与水环境的影响等方面,重点探讨城市化发展为特征的流域下垫面变化对流域水循环以及水文过程的影响,寻求城市化发展条件下的水文变化规律,以便对该地区城市化水文效应作一个较全面的分析,并为当地的防洪减灾、水环境保护以及水资源持续利用提供技术支持. 相似文献
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Jessica Troell 《国际水》2013,38(3):401-404
This article examines the historical evolution of participatory water management in coastal Bangladesh. Three major shifts are identified: first, from indigenous local systems managed by landlords to centralized government agencies in the 1960s; second, from top-down engineering solutions to small-scale projects and people’s participation in the 1970s and 1980s; and third, towards depoliticized community-based water management since the 1990s. While donor requirements for community participation in water projects have resulted in the creation of ‘depoliticized’ water management organizations, there are now increasing demands for involvement of politically elected local government institutions in water management by local communities. 相似文献
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灌区工程管理的日常维护与养护工作是保证工程正常运行及效益发挥的基础.在灌区工程日常管养工作中潦河灌区管理局根据自身实际需求,进行试点推进管养承包管理模式,在实践过程中取得了一些经验与成效,同时指出在实际操作中应该注意的问题. 相似文献
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为研究近60 a来韩江入海泥沙通量的变化及其环境效应,采用Mann-Kendall方法对潮安水文站1958—2019年入海径流量和泥沙通量进行检验,并分析影响入海泥沙通量变化的主要驱动因素,以及入海泥沙变化对邻近海域的影响。研究结果显示韩江流域入海径流量无显著变化,入海泥沙通量呈现显著的减少趋势,并在1998年开始显著减少,在2001年之后减少更为剧烈。韩江流域大型水电站(青溪、棉花滩水电站)是导致入海泥沙通量开始显著减少的主要影响因素。在入海泥沙自1990s末显著减少的背景下,韩江河口附近海域由1971—2010年的小幅淤积转变为2010—2016年的小幅冲刷。三角洲岸线由1830s—1964年的向海推进(2.40~5.38 m/a)转变为1980s以来的较为稳定。这些都表明韩江入海泥沙的显著减少已经对河口邻近的海域产生了明显的影响。 相似文献
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Simon Mould Kirstie Fryirs Siwan Lovett Richard Howitt 《Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water》2020,7(4)
River champions are people working for better water and river management in a range of capacities, and who are particularly influential and effective in driving progress. The championship concept is not new, but tends to emphasize the bold and highly visible leader. This archetypal champion is at odds with the more humble and quieter forms of leadership that we frequently encounter in our work and communities. These less‐visible champions are in danger of being overlooked. A more inclusive characterization of championship can enrich existing conceptualizations. We argue that many river champions lead quietly and are effective because they build and use social capital to influence others. They are well‐connected and can help to bridge scales of management. We advocate that championship must be recognized and supported within and beyond institutions. This can be enacted by rewarding people for their time in ways that are meaningful and appropriate (i.e., not only financially) and by prioritizing connection between people. We offer specific examples of how this can be done in a river management setting. By recognizing and supporting river champions in all their forms, we can maximize their value as a critical component of participatory water and river management systems. This article is categorized under:
- Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness.
- Engineering Water > Planning Water.
- Human Water > Water Governance.
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燕峒胜 《水利水运工程学报》2011,(2)
在黄河三角洲近代冲积平原上修建水库,一般蓄水深度仅4～5 m.围坝挡水水头虽低,但出现渗透破坏的工程实例并不少见.纯化水库设计蓄水深度8.5 m,防渗安全问题尤为突出.为解决渗透问题,提出2种防渗方案:一是只对坝基做垂直铺塑防渗,二是坝体铺设复合土工膜与坝基垂直铺塑联合防渗.经比较,后一方案的出逸点高度、出逸坡降和单宽渗流量均低于前一方案.这表明坝体和坝基联合防渗具有较好的防渗效果,故将这一方案确定为纯化水库的防渗方案.同时对垂直铺塑距上游坝脚的距离进行了研究.多年渗流安全监测成果表明,纯化水库防渗效果良好. 相似文献
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Mark A. Kaemingk Brian D. S. Graeb Christopher W. Hoagstrom David W. Willis 《河流研究与利用》2007,23(7):786-791
There is an expansive and expanding delta at the confluence of the Niobrara and Missouri Rivers in the Lewis and Clark Reservoir. The delta provides diverse aquatic habitat that is somewhat similar to the historic Missouri River and to remnant river habitats. As such, the delta may have relatively high fish species diversity compared to lentic reservoir habitats. To compare patterns of fish diversity between the delta and reservoir habitats, we collected fish in several nursery habitats in both areas using four gear types (seine, gill net, electrofisher and fyke net) on three occasions (July, August and September) in 2005. Species richness was higher in the delta ( n = 34) than the reservoir ( n = 22). Thirteen species composed more than 1% of delta collections while only four species composed more than 1% of reservoir collections. Species diversity (Fisher's α) was also significantly higher in the delta. Higher species diversity in the delta may be explained by higher habitat diversity. These results suggest that newly forming deltas have the potential to protect and restore fish species diversity, because they retain natural river functions such as sediment transport and habitat formation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Carolyn Palmer;Jane Tanner;James Akanmu;Tena Alamirew;Yazidhi Bamutaze;Noble Banadda;Frances Cleaver;Serigne Faye;Isa Kabenge;Alioune Kane;Ezechiel Longe;Joel Nobert;Venuste Nsengimana;Vanessa Speight;Sally Weston;Kevin Winter;Zerihun Woldu; 《河流研究与利用》2024,40(9):1732-1746
It has become increasingly common to include participatory processes, several academic disciplines, and additional wide-ranging ways of knowing, in using research to tackle the escalating environmental problems of the 21st Century. There are barriers to the success of these efforts. In this paper we present the Adaptive Systemic Approach (ASA). The ASA is designed to provide a clear pathway for research related to sustainability issues, river basin problems and natural resource development, and to deliver change towards improved ecological health and social justice outcomes. The design of the ASA rests on three key concepts: complex social-ecological systems, transdisciplinarity, and transformative social learning, together with Strategic Adaptive Management as the theoretically consistent operational process. We identify logical connections between the concepts and Strategic Adaptive Management so that the ASA emerges as a coherent and practical research and praxis pathway. The ASA process is then outlined to support uptake and wider application. We present findings from ASA praxis in a collaborative African research program considering river basin problems in seven countries, where key contextual learnings led to the recognition of five barriers to effective research impact outcomes: (1) Lack of an integrative conceptual grounding. (2) Participatory stakeholder engagement flawed by epistemic injustice. (3) Inadequate transdisciplinary team building. (4) Insufficient inclusion of learning, reflection, and systemic adaptation. (5) Inflated claims of probable impact in terms of creating change towards improved ecological health and social justice. We reflect on the ways the ASA contributes to breaching these barriers. Early key learnings from ASA praxis leads us to suggest that the ASA has practical value for policy makers, practitioners and researchers seeking pathways for fair and sustainable river management, and more broadly in natural resource development. 相似文献
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Robyn J. Watts Fiona Dyer Paul Frazier Ben Gawne Paul Marsh Darren S. Ryder Mark Southwell Skye M. Wassens James A. Webb Qifeng Ye 《河流研究与利用》2020,36(4):668-680
Adaptive management is central to improving outcomes of environmental water delivery. The Australian Government's Murray?Darling Basin (MDB) Plan 2012 explicitly states that adaptive management should be applied in the planning, prioritisation and use of environmental water. A Long Term Intervention Monitoring (LTIM) program was established in 2014 to evaluate responses to environmental water delivery for seven Areas within the MDB, with evaluation also undertaken at the Basin scale. Adaptive management at the Area scale was assessed using two approaches: (a) through a reflective exercise undertaken by researchers, water managers and community members and (b) through an independent review and evaluation of the program, where relevant reports were reviewed and managers and researchers involved in the LTIM program were interviewed. Both assessment approaches revealed that the scale of management actions influenced the extent to which learnings were incorporated into subsequent actions. Although there were many examples where learnings within an Area had been used to adaptively manage subsequent environmental water deliveries within that Area, there was inconsistent documentation of the processes for incorporating learnings into decision making. Although this likely limited the sharing of learnings, there were also examples where learnings from one Area had influenced environmental water management in another, suggesting that sharing between concurrent projects can increase learning. The two assessments identified ways to improve and systematically document the adaptive management learnings. With improved processes to increase reflection, documentation and sharing of learnings across projects, there is an opportunity to improve management of environmental water and ecosystem outcomes. 相似文献