吉龙草精油的化学成分及抗菌活性研究

采用GC-MS方法对富含柠檬醛的吉龙草精油挥发性成分进行鉴定,共检测出62个成分,鉴定了其中55个成分。吉龙草精油主要化学成分为橙花醛(β-柠檬醛)、香叶醛(α-柠檬醛)、香芹酮、β-蒎烯等。试验也研究了吉龙草精油对大肠杆菌、金黄葡萄球菌、烟曲霉菌、白念珠菌的抗菌活性,结果显示这种精油对大肠杆菌、金黄葡萄球菌有明显的抗菌活性。     

互叶白千层精油GC—MS挥发性成分及抗茵活性研究

通过使用GC—MS联用技术对互叶白千层精油进行分析,从中鉴定了30种化学成分,占总含量的95．78％。主要成分松油烯醇-4,达到了45．81％;其次为1-松油烯,α-松油醇,α-松油烯,对伞花烃,α-蒎烯,1,8-桉叶油素,β-水芹烯。抗菌活性研究发现,互叶白干层精油对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌以及白色念珠菌等具有一定的抗菌能力。     

甜橙精油的挥发性成分分析及抗氧化和抑菌活性研究

使用GC-MS联用技术对甜橙精油进行分析,从中鉴定了24种化学成分,占总含量的92.24%。主要成分为柠檬烯,达到了78.24%;其次为β-蒎烯、(+)-柠檬烯-1,2-环氧化物、β-水芹烯、芳樟醇、α-蒎烯,含量依次为3.22%,1.89%,1.45%,1.28%,1.05%。甜橙精油的DPPH抗氧化研究表明,甜橙精油具有体外清除DPPH自由基的能力,且DPPH自由基的清除能力与精油浓度呈正相关,在精油浓度20%～100%范围内,y=55.11x+12.48,R2=0.994。抗菌实验结果显示,甜橙精油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和白色念珠菌等具有一定的抗菌能力。     

孔雀草精油成分及其抑菌效果研究

针对观赏植物孔雀草应用范围窄,缺少深加工途径,经济附加值低的问题,通过蒸馏法提取其精油,并通过气质联用仪对精油组成进行了分析,鉴定出81种物质,占总峰面积的86.6%,大部分为萜类物质。精油主要成分为萜品油烯、3-甲基-6-(1-甲基乙亚基)环己-2-烯-1-酮、右旋柠檬烯、反式-β-罗勒烯、(Z)-罗勒烯酮、(E)-罗勒烯酮、石竹烯、胡椒酮,物质组成表明孔雀草精油具有增香、抑菌能力。利用菌落计数法验证了孔雀草精油的抑菌能力,结果表明孔雀草精油对埃希氏大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及伤寒沙门氏菌生长有抑制作用。     

薰衣草精油成分分析及其抗菌和抗氧化活性研究

通过使用GC-MS联用技术对薰衣草精油进行分析,从中鉴定了33种化学成分,占总含量的93.55%。其中,乙酸芳樟酯和芳樟醇的质量分数最高,分别达到了32.47%和28.68%;其次为石竹烯,桉叶油醇,4-松油醇,质量分数分别为5.75%、3.58%和2.88%。薰衣草精油的DPPH抗氧化研究表明,薰衣草精油具有体外清除DPPH自由基的能力,其50%抑制率(IC5)0为22.94%。此外,对薰衣草精油的抗菌研究表明,薰衣草精油对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌都具有一定的抗菌能力。     

石墨烯涤纶抗菌性能和抗菌耐洗性研究

通过熔融纺丝方法将石墨烯添加到涤纶中，使涤纶具有抗菌性。选用国标GB/T 20944.3—2008和美国标准AATCC 100—2012分别测试了石墨烯涤纶对大肠埃希菌、白念珠菌、金黄葡萄球菌的抗菌性，确定适合石墨烯涤纶的抗菌测试方法，并测试了石墨烯涤纶的抗菌耐洗性。试验表明：石墨烯涤纶对大肠埃希菌、白念珠菌和金黄葡萄球菌均具有非常好的抗菌效果；石墨烯涤纶经水洗50次以后，仍然对大肠埃希菌、白念珠菌、金黄葡萄球菌保持很好的抑菌率，说明石墨烯涤纶具有良好的抗菌耐洗性；石墨烯涤纶的抗菌测试适合采用GB/T 20944.3—2008振荡法。     

花椒精油成分的GC/MS分析

用气相色谱／质谱分析山东省沂蒙产花椒精油及固体析出物,精油中共分离、鉴定出２５种化合物,１０种主要成分是：β－水芹烯、对－薄荷烯－１－醇－４、冬青油烯、４－羟基－３,５－二甲氧基苯乙酮、洋薄荷酮、β－月桂烯、α－蒎烯、γ－萜品烯、α－萜品烯和沉香醇。固体析出物为４－羟基－３,５－二甲氧基苯乙酮。     

柏木精油的成分分析及其在卷烟中的应用研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取柏木精油,并以气相色谱-质谱联用法对精油成分进行分离和鉴定,面积归一化法测定各成分的相对质量分数,分析了柏木精油的化学成分。结果共鉴定出35个化合物,相对质量分数之和为85.847%,主要成分为α-雪松烯、β-雪松烯、α-大西洋酮、γ-雪松烯、β-大西洋酮和α-柏木烯。柏木精油的卷烟加香试验表明,它能明显改善和修饰卷烟香气,增浓烟香,提高卷烟抽吸的香气品质。     

香叶天竺葵精油和纯露的挥发性成分分析及抗氧化活性评价

分别采用水蒸气蒸馏和同时蒸馏萃取法对香叶天竺葵精油和纯露的挥发性成分进行提取,通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术结合保留指数分析鉴定其化学组成,用峰面积归一化法确定各成分的相对含量。结果表明,香叶天竺葵精油中鉴定出71种化合物,主要成分有香茅醇、甲酸香茅酯、香叶醇、异薄荷酮、β-古芸烯、芳樟醇和惕各酸苯乙酯等;香叶天竺葵纯露中鉴定出39种化合物,主要成分有香茅醇、芳樟醇、香叶醇、异薄荷酮、α-松油醇、顺式芳樟醇氧化物和反式芳樟醇氧化物等。其中香叶天竺葵纯露中的挥发性成分大多存在于香叶天竺葵精油中,但含量存在较大的差异。采用DPPH自由基和羟基自由基清除试验对香叶天竺葵精油和纯露的抗氧化活性进行评价。结果表明,香叶天竺葵精油和纯露均对DPPH自由基和羟基自由基具有一定的清除作用,香叶天竺葵纯露对DPPH自由基和羟基自由基的清除能力稍强于香叶天竺葵精油。     

桉叶素-松油醇型重整复配复合精油制备及其抗菌性研究

以巨尾桉精油和松油烯-4-醇型互叶白千层精油为原料,研究桉叶素-松油醇型重整复配精油的配方、制备工艺、组成含量、质量控制及抗菌作用。通过精馏、重整、复配制成复合精油,采用气相色谱法测定主要成分及其相对含量并控制产品质量。体外抗菌试验证明复合精油对金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌和白色念珠菌6种能引起皮肤感染的病原菌均有不同程度的抑制作用。重整复配复合精油原料来源丰富,制备方法简单合理,产品质量稳定可控,可作为天然抑菌、杀虫剂,有良好的应用前景。     

Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Piper caninum Blume

Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the fresh leaves and stems oils of Piper caninum were investigated. A total of forty eight constituents were identified in the leaves (77.9%) and stems (87.0%) oil which were characterized by high proportions of phenylpropanoid, safrole with 17.1% for leaves and 25.5% for stems oil. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by using β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching, DPPH radical scavenging and total phenolic content. Stems oil showed the highest inhibitory activity towards lipid peroxidation (114.9 ± 0.9%), compared to BHT (95.5 ± 0.5%), while leaves oil showed significant total phenolic content (27.4 ± 0.5 mg GA/g) equivalent to gallic acid. However, the essential oils showed weak activity towards DPPH free-radical scavenging. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity revealed that both oils exhibited strong activity against all bacteria strains with MIC values in the range 62.5 to 250 μg/mL, but weak activity against fungal strains. These findings suggest that the essential oils can be used as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents for therapeutic, nutraceutical industries and food manufactures.     

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) Peel

The aim of this study was to determine the main constituents of the essential oil isolated from Fortunella crassifolia Swingle peel by hydro-distillation, and to test the efficacy of the essential oil on antimicrobial activity. Twenty-five components, representing 92.36% of the total oil, were identified by GC-MS analysis. The essential oil showed potent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative (E. coli and S. typhimurium) and Gram-positive (S. aureus, B. cereus, B. subtilis, L. bulgaricus, and B. laterosporus) bacteria, together with a remarkable antifungal activity against C. albicans. In a food model of beef extract, the essential oil was observed to possess an effective capacity to control the total counts of viable bacteria. Furthermore, the essential oil showed strongly detrimental effects on the growth and morphological structure of the tested bacteria. It was suggested that the essential oil from Fortunella crassifolia Swingle peel might be used as a natural food preservative against bacteria or fungus in the food industry.     

GC and GC/MS Analysis of Essential Oil Composition of the Endemic Soqotraen Leucas virgata Balf.f. and Its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities

Leucas virgata Balf.f. (Lamiaceae) was collected from the Island Soqotra (Yemen) and its essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. The chemical composition of the oil was investigated by GC and GC-MS. Moreover, the essential oil was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity against two Gram-positive bacteria, two Gram-negative bacteria, and one yeast species by using broth micro-dilution assay for minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and antioxidant activity by measuring the scavenging activity of the DPPH radical. The investigation led to the identification of 43 constituents, representing 93.9% of the total oil. The essential oil of L. virgata was characterized by a high content of oxygenated monoterpenes (50.8%). Camphor (20.5%) exo-fenchol (3.4%), fenchon (5.4%), and borneol (3.1%) were identified as the main components. Oxygenated sesquiterpenes were found as the second major group of compounds (21.0%). β-Eudesmol (6.1%) and caryophyllene oxide (5.1%) were the major compounds among oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The results of the antimicrobial assay showed that the oil exhibited a great antibacterial activity against the tested S. aureus, B. subtilis, and E. coli. No activity was found against P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. Moreover, the DPPH-radical scavenging assay exhibited only a moderate antioxidant activity (31%) for the oil at the highest concentration tested (1 mg/mL).     

The Oil from Mentha rotundifolia as Green Inhibitor of Carbon Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid

The corrosion inhibition potentials of Mentha rotundifolia oil on carbon steel in 1 M HCl was studied at different concentrations via gravimetric, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. Polarization curves reveal that Mentha rotundifolia oil is a mixed-type inhibitor. Changes in impedance parameters (charge transfer resistance R_t, and double-layer capacitance C_dl) were indicative of adsorption of Mentha rotundifolia on the metal surface, leading to the formation of a protective film. The effect of the temperature on the corrosion behavior with addition of the optimal concentration of Mentha rotundifolia oil was studied in the temperature range 308 and 338 K. Adsorption of oil on the carbon steel surface is found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Attempts to explain the inhibitory action were carried out using density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level. Quantum chemical parameters most relevant to its potential action as corrosion inhibitor such as E_HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital energy), E_LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy), energy gap (ΔE), and Mulliken charges have been calculated and discussed. The theoretical results were found to be consistent with the experimental data.     

陕西椒样薄荷精油的成分分析及品质研究

本文用GC法对陕西、新疆生产的椒样薄荷精油的组成成分进行分析 ,结果表明 ,陕西产的椒样薄荷精油品质优良 ,完全达到出口日本的标准     

Study of Three Systems of Ozonized Coconut Oil

In the present study, the products from the ozonation of three systems (ozonized coconut oil, ozonized coconut oil with water and ozonized coconut oil with ethanol) are characterized and compared statistically. Peroxide, acidity and viscosity indexes were determined. The reaction products were identified by ¹H NMR and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated. The ozonized coconut oil with ethanol showed the highest peroxide and acidity indexes. This result suggests that in presence of ethanol a greater peroxide decomposition occurs leading to greater acid formation. The variation coefficients obtained in the analysis methods were smaller than 10%. Reaction products were identified as ozonides and aldehydes compounds. The highest action spectrum of antimicrobial activity by Staphylococcus aureus was obtained with the ozonized coconut oil with water and ethanol systems.     

互叶白千层植物精油的研究进展

互叶白千层植物精油(茶树油)是近年来发展较快的植物精油之一,本文概括了茶树油的提取分析、抗菌活性等方面的研究在国内外的研究进展,讨论了用真空间歇精馏和分子蒸馏方法精制茶树油,为茶树油的相关研究提供参考。     

Study of Ozonated Sunflower Oil Using 1H NMR and Microbiological Analysis

Prior studies have proven that ozonated vegetable oils present a high germicidal power. Ozonation of sunflower oil at different applied ozone dosage was carried out and peroxide and aldehydes indices along with antimicrobial activity were determined. The reaction products were identified using Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (¹H NMR). The principal signals intensity values were used for following the reaction course between ozone and sunflower oil. The reaction was following up to peroxide index values of 1202 mmol-equi/kg. The intensities of olefinic proton signals decreased with the gradual increase in ozone concentration but without disappearing completely. The Criegee ozonides obtained at 107.1 mg/g of ozone doses were approximately 3.9-fold higher than that at beginning of the reaction. The aldehyde protons were observed as a weak intensity signal in all the spectra. The signals belonging to olefinic protons from hydroperoxides appeared weak and increased with the increase in ozone doses. Signals from other oxygenated groups were assigned. The highest action spectrum of antimicrobial activity was obtained with the higher peroxide index. It was concluded that at higher applied ozone doses, the higher the antimicrobial activity potential of ozonized sunflower oil     

Essential oils extracted from Phoebe hui Cheng ex Yang: Chemical constituents,antitumor and antibacterial activities,and potential use as a species identifier

The essential oils in Phoebe hui Cheng ex Yang were extracted from its roots, trunk, bark, branches, and leaves by a hydrothermal method and then analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The essential oils extracted from the xylem of the roots and trunks of this species had similar chemical constituents (primarily α-bergamotene, calarene, 3,7-guaiadiene, β-sesquiphellandrene, β-farnesene, β-bisabolene, torreyol, and τ-muurolol) in similar quantities. Meanwhile, the main chemical constituents of the essential oil extracted from the xylem of this species were considerably different from those extracted from Phoebe zhennan. Hence, analysis of the oils extracted from the xylem can be used to distinguish between these species. The essential oils extracted from the bark, branches, and leaves of P. hui Cheng ex Yang had identical chemical constituents. The bark oil comprised mainly cubebene, α-muurolene, δ-cadinene, cadina-1,4-diene, guaiol, δ-cadinol, and α-cadinol, whereas the branch oil mainly included cubebene, α-selinene, δ-cadinene, cadina-1,4-diene, guaiol, δ-cadinol, and α-cadinol. The leaf oil extract consisted of cyclosativene, γ-muurolene, β-selinene, α-selinene, γ-cadinene, δ-cadinene, δ-cadinol, γ-eudesmol, α-cadinol, β-eudesmol, and α-eudesmol. Although the antimicrobial effects of the essential oils extracted from the individual tree parts were unclear, a mixture of these oils exhibited significant antitumor properties.     

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Kauri Pine [ Agathis robusta (C. Moore ex F. Muell.) F.M. Bailey] from India

Agathis robusta (C. Moore ex F. Muell.) F.M. Bailey, commonly known as Queensland Kauri or smooth-barked Kauri, is a coniferous tree in the family Araucariaceae. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of A. robusta from India. The hydrodistilled resin and leaf essential oils were analyzed using GC-FID and GC-MS. Altogether, 34 constituents (forming 98.2% of the resin oil) and 43 constituents (forming 91.2% of the leaf oil composition) were identified. Major constituents of the resin oil were isobornyl acetate (37.9%), limonene (12.3%), bornyl acetate (7.4%), and myrtenol (5.8%), while the leaf oil contained β-selinene (18.1%), rimuene (14.2%), caryophyllene oxide (11.5%), spathulenol (10.5%), α-selinene (9.8%), and γ-muurolene (5.8%) as main constituents. The resin essential oil showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in the range of 250–500 μg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) in the range of 500 to >1000 μg/mL against pathogenic strains of eight bacteria.