当前放火犯罪的特点及侦破过程中应把握的重点

当前放火犯罪的特点及侦破过程中应把握的重点李忠仁张万民姚民意内容提要：近年来，放火犯罪逐年增多。如何准确、迅速认定放火案件性质，侦破放火案件，已成为当前火灾调查，刑事侦察工作中需要亟待解决的问题。本文作者通过剖析多起放火案件，论述了在放火案件性质认定...     

消防刑侦协作在一起火灾调查中的应用

根据2013年5月11日安庆市宿松县发生的一起致5人死亡放火嫌疑案件的侦破过程,重点探讨消防部门如何与刑侦部门协作配合,共同开展放火案件的调查工作,并对此类案件侦破提出建议。     

一起放火案件的调查认定

通过分析福建省三明市“2·2”放火案件的调查认定及侦破过程,提出对火灾调查的几点体会,包括放火行为动机与受害人之间不一定有必然的联系,第一时间开展调查对火灾调查的重要性,公安、消防的密切协作是放火案件成功侦破的保证等.     

一起汽车放火案件的调查认定

介绍一起汽车放火案件的调查认定情况,在现场没有直接证据证明放火嫌疑的情况下,调查人员根据收集到的现场燃烧痕迹等间接证据形成了完整的证据体系,认定了起火点、起火原因,确定了火灾性质。案件侦破后,总结了汽车放火案件调查认定和移交侦办的工作体会,为开展汽车放火嫌疑案件的调查认定提供借鉴。     

放火案件及其勘查

放火是对社会危害极大的犯罪行为。近年来,放火案件逐年呈上升趋势。按规定,放火案件应由刑侦部门负责侦破,但案件的定性,则往往是消防部门通过现场勘查,取得足够的、有说服力的证据后,才能认定,并移交刑侦部门。而实际上,经常会碰到由于认定放火案件的证据不足,刑侦部门不接受,不得不将案件挂起来或定个火因不明的现象。 从宁波市来看,1998年1—11月份,由消防部门认定,刑侦部门接受的放火案有6起,直接经济损失近70万元,而由于证据不足,将案件挂起或定为火因不明的,还有数起。因此,本文将主要从放火案件的分类、放火案件的基本特征、放火现场的特点、放火的手段和现场勘查的内容等五个方面,对放火案件进行探讨。     

侦破克拉玛依"11·13"特大放火案的体会

介绍了新疆克拉玛依"11·13"特大放火案的基本情况,分析了火灾现场痕迹物证的特征,根据火灾模拟实验和薄层色谱分析,确定了火灾的原因--助燃剂放火,为火灾案件的侦破提供了技术支持.     

放火案件分析及防范对策

通过对放火案件的规律诱因及特点进行分析,为放火案件提供了调查方向,并提出了预防放火案件的对策。     

对几起放火案件认定过程的思考

当前放火案件因诸多因素呈上升趋势,而放火案件的调查与认定又因为主、客观因素的影响具有复杂性、艰巨性、重要性和因难性。本文通过几起放火案件的认定,探讨分析了放火案件的现场特征以及如何做好现场证据的收集及运用。     

爱火的燃烧——由恋爱婚姻纠纷引起的放火案透视

近几年来,农村放火案件呈明显上升趋势,特别是因恋爱、婚姻纠纷而引起的放火案件更是不断。1992年受理这类放火案件比1991年增长1倍以上,1993年上半年受理这类案件,超过1992年全年受理数的2倍以上。恋爱婚姻纠纷而引起的放火案件是当前农村放火案件中值得重视的一个新动向,它不仅给受害者家庭财产造成巨大损失,还给社会治安带来不安定因素。列举几案例,以警醒世人:     

浅析放火嫌疑案件的火灾调查与刑事侦查

通过分析放火嫌疑案件类型与特点,提出放火嫌疑案件火灾调查与刑事侦查工作的主要内容,阐述了放火嫌疑案件火灾调查与刑事侦查的区别,以及消防、刑侦两部门相互配合的作用。     

汽车放火试验与鉴定技术的研究

针对以往国内汽车火灾放火的特点，模拟汽车放火现场，通过大量的试验，重点研究和分析汽车人为放火的现场痕迹特征，较为系统全面地总结出汽车放火火灾痕迹物证的规律，提出并建立了一套汽车放火火灾现场痕迹勘查、提取物证和技术鉴定方法。     

Sewer pipe defects diagnosis assessment using multivariate analysis on CCTV video imagery

Closed circuit television (CCTV) technology has been commonly used to inspect underground pipe defects, and high CCTV image quality is a prerequisite for accurate defect diagnosis. An acceptance criterion for CCTV inspection videos is critical for ensuring accurate diagnosis and preventing disputes between employers and contractors. This paper used multivariate statistical methods to evaluate the overall quality of CCTV images and to define an acceptance criterion for CCTV videos. Numerous CCTV images from a sewer inspection project were assessed and their quality, consisting of similarity in luminance and contrast distortions, was calculated by comparing a set of ideal images. Principal component analysis (PCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) grouped the CCTV videos into homogeneous segments with similar image quality and provided a visual acceptance criterion for CCTV inspection videos. Furthermore, RDA triplot indicated that the contrast improvement of CCTV images can effectively enhance image quality and increase the diagnosis efficiency.     

助燃剂鉴定方法研究综述

放火案件严重影响人民生命财产安全,受到了火灾调查人员的重视.据统计,80％以上的放火案都采用汽油、柴油、高浓度酒精等易燃液体作为助燃剂.因此,对助燃剂的检验鉴定是认定放火火灾的研究要点.对助燃剂的检验认定方法进行总结,检验方法包括:拉曼光谱法、薄层色谱法、傅里叶红外光谱法、GC-MS、热分析-质谱联用等;同时,对热分析...     

A Swedish investigation of arson

After correction, a Swedish investigation of selected crimes of arson reported to the police in 1988 revealed 6,327 incidences of arson, or 0.075% arson fires per capita, for that year. Based on estimates of the dark factor, which is the ratio between the actual number of crimes and those reported, and on the rising trends, the figure over the next few years is not likely to exceed 0.12%. Using material provided by insurance companies, a total loss volume of Swedish crowns (SEK) 1.1 ± 0.1 × 1000 m, or about U.S. $160 + 16 m, was calculated after correction; this corresponds to 0.09% of the Gross National Product.The loss that resulted from the different types of arson was distributed by size according to the lognormal distribution function. Vandalism accounted for 55% of the incidents and 23% of the cost, while arson committed in connection with another crime accounted for 6% of the incidents and 15% of the cost. Revenge, spite, and conflicts accounted for 5% of the incidents and 10% of the cost. Mental illness accounted for 4% of the incidents and 6% of the cost. And arson for which the motive was unknown accounted for 23% of the incidents and 36% of the cost.Most of the arson fires were set in containers, refuse storage rooms, basements, attics, and so on. Fewer arson fires occurred in commercial properties, but these accounted for a greater proportion of the loss. This was also true for enterprises, dwellings, and schools.Fifty percent of the arson was committed by children and people under age 18, a figure that appears likely to increase. For minor property damage, the figure was 60%, and the rising trend there was more pronounced. A breakdown of arson over the period 1979–1988 by police districts with different population densities showed that the frequency of arson increases as population density increases, particularly for minor property damage. A breakdown of the material for Stockholm by districts clearly showed a higher frequency of arson in problem areas and a lower frequency of arson in high-status areas.     

放火案物证提取技术

本文着重介绍了放火火灾的物征提取技术。物证提取作为火灾原因调查和鉴定的前提,在火灾原因调查中起着极重要的作用。本文根据作者多年来的实际鉴定和试验实践,通过几例有代表性的放火火灾,介绍了放火火灾的物证提取技术。     

Optical flow techniques for estimation of camera motion parameters in sewer closed circuit television inspection videos

This paper discusses a novel approach for automated analysis and tracking of camera motion in sewer inspection closed circuit television (CCTV) videos. This approach represents an important building block for any system that supports automated analysis and defect detection of CCTV videos. The proposed approach employs optical flow techniques to automatically identify, locate, and extract a limited set of video segments, called regions of interest (ROI), which likely include defects, thus reducing the time and computational requirements needed for video processing. Tracking the camera motion parameters is used to recover the operator actions during the inspection session, which would provide important clues about the location and severity of the ROI. Techniques for estimating the camera travelling distance, position inside the sewer, and direction of motion from optical flow vectors are discussed. The proposed techniques were validated using a representative set of sewer CCTV videos obtained from the cities of Regina and Calgary, Canada.     

Preventing and Reducing Bushfire Arson in Australia: A Review of What is Known

Bushfires are the leading cause of death and injuries from natural disasters in Australia, are responsible for hundreds of millions dollars in economic losses every year and seriously affect the country’s ecosystems. National data shows that half of these fires are deliberately lit with a significant proportion of these ignitions due to arson. This indicates the importance of arson research in any attempt to reduce unplanned fires. Strategies to prevent bushfire arson are examined from a criminological perspective. Much of the research on bushfire arson to date has focussed on identifying the motivations of arsonists and the paper shows the lack of utility of this approach. The difficulty of screening arsonists from employment with fire agencies is also discussed. More productive strategies include identifying and working with communities with high arson potential and early interventions with known arsonists or those at high risk of becoming one. The deterrence value of higher penalties is examined. The paper concludes that better data on bushfire ignitions and working with high risk communities and individuals offer the best chance of minimising bushfire ignitions in Australia at the present time.