异山梨醇型聚碳酸酯的制备方法及性能调控研究进展

以石油为基础原料的双酚A型聚碳酸酯(BPA-PC)因双酚A具有不可再生和雌激素效应等问题导致其在食品包装等领域的应用受到限制。近年来,寻求一种无毒无害、可替代双酚A制备聚碳酸酯的单体已成为业内的研究热点。异山梨醇(IS)作为生物基可再生单体、无毒无害,是目前最有希望代替双酚A合成聚碳酸酯的关键原料,用其合成的异山梨醇型聚碳酸酯(IS-PC)具有无毒及优异的光学性能、耐划伤性、热稳定性、生物降解性和生物相容性等,已在包装、汽车、电子电器、生物医学等领域显示出良好的应用前景。本文对异山梨醇型聚碳酸酯（IS-PC）的制备方法及性能调控进行了综述,详细对熔融酯交换法制备异山梨醇型聚碳酸酯（IS-PC）进行了阐述,重点对调控异山梨醇型聚碳酸酯（IS-PC）性能的方法进行了分类归纳,并对异山梨醇型聚碳酸酯的研究方向进行了展望。     

异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的制备及共聚改性研究进展

介绍了异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯对聚碳行业发展的意义,综述了异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的主要制备方法,包括端羟基活化法、光气法和熔融酯交换法。概述了研究较多的熔融酯交换法制备异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯催化剂的进展,包括固体碱催化剂和离子液体催化剂,其中离子液体催化剂被认为是目前最有发展前景的催化剂之一。最后,对异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的共聚改性方法进行了总结,并对今后的研究方向作了展望。     

异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的制备及共聚改性研究进展

介绍了异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯对聚碳行业发展的意义,综述了异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的主要制备方法,包括端羟基活化法、光气法和熔融酯交换法。概述了研究较多的熔融酯交换法制备异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯催化剂的进展,包括固体碱催化剂和离子液体催化剂,其中离子液体催化剂被认为是目前最有发展前景的催化剂之一。最后,对异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的共聚改性方法进行了总结,并对今后的研究方向作了展望。     

日本三菱化学研制生物基PC

<正>日本三菱化学公司近日宣称,已研制出一种生物基聚碳酸酯(PC)树脂。其开发的这种透明生物工程塑料DURABIO的共聚单体为异山梨醇,而非传统的双酚A。东京某原料巨头公司称,DURABIO不能生物降解,适用于一系列工程应用。与传统的PC树脂相比,DURABIO的主要优点为高透明性、优异的光学性能及高耐磨性。三菱化学称,DURABIO的光学性能和抗冲击性优于传统的PC树脂,其优异的光学性能得益于原料异山梨醇。与双     

聚碳酸酯光学零件用紫外光固化耐磨涂料研究

研究了聚碳酸酯光学零件紫外光固化耐磨涂料的配方,分别从低聚物、流平剂、溶剂等方面探讨了它们对涂膜性能的影响,制备了聚碳酸酯光学零件的紫外光固化耐磨涂料。     

偶氮聚碳酸酯的制备与性能研究

以对氨基苯甲酸、亚硝酸钠和苯酚为原料,通过重氮偶合反应合成了对羟基偶氮苯甲酸,并用红外光谱和核磁共振对所合成的对羟基偶氮苯甲酸的结构进行了表征。将羟基偶氮苯甲酸与聚碳酸酯进行熔融混合并进行酯交换反应,制备了偶氮聚碳酸酯。通过光学性能和力学性能研究发现,所制备的偶氮聚碳酸酯具有优异的光致变色性能和透明性,力学性能与聚碳酸酯相当。     

拜耳聚碳酸酯产能将超百万吨

拜耳公司日前宣布,目前世界上已有近1/3的光学存储介质来自于拜耳公司生产的聚碳酸酯材料。鉴于该领域巨大的市场潜力,拜耳公司决定提高聚碳酸酯生产能力,争取到2006年全球产量超过110万t。 拜耳公司是光盘级聚碳酸酯材料最主要生产商之一。在欧洲,聚碳酸酯是制造光学存储介质的首选材料,其优势远远领先于其它材料。     

光学级聚碳酸酯的应用及循环利用技术现状

简述光学级聚碳酸酯的生产消费现状、性能特点和主要用途,针对日益加重的"白色污染"和国家产业技术政策,着重阐述作为光盘使用的光学级聚碳酸酯在国内外的回收技术和循环利用技术,提出由回收的光学级聚碳酸酯制备聚合物纳米复合材料是光学级聚碳酸酯一种有潜力的循环应用技术。     

三菱瓦斯特种聚碳酸酯可替代光学玻璃

三菱瓦斯化学公司透露，即将投资建设特种聚碳酸酯树脂装置。这种新材料可用于替代光学透镜中的玻璃。此前，树脂的光学变形妨碍了其应用于高质量摄影机。特种聚碳酸酯树脂具有极低的双折射性，可避免引起光学变形。产品的高流动性还使其适用于带有摄影功能的手机和数字摄影机，以及运载工具摄影机和监视摄影机。     

PC基光散射材料的制备研究

将丙烯酸、有机硅光扩散等助剂混合后,经过平行双螺杆挤出机制备了光扩散聚碳酸酯,研究不同配比的丙烯酸和有机硅光扩散剂对聚碳酸酯光学性能的影响。结果表明:采用不同含量的丙烯酸和有机硅光扩散剂复配,添加不同的量可得到不同光学性能的光扩散聚碳酸酯。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。