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We compared the koji-based extracellular carboxymethylcellulases (CM-cellulase), pectinases and xylanases of four Aspergillus oryzae isolates from soy sauce koji, A1, PRB-1 (A2), A3 and A4, with Aspergillus oryzae AS3.951 (A5) via enzyme assays and zymography and determined their correlation to the content of umami-tasting amino acids in high-salt diluted-solid state growth stage leading to soy sauce. In A2 koji, xylanase had the highest activity (28.75 U/g dry weight). Zymogram analysis revealed two different bands of CM-cellulase activity (termed Cel-1 and Cel-2) and one band of pectinase activity (Pec-1) in all koji samples. The intensity of these bands was comparable among all five strains. Interestingly, the same analysis revealed six different xylanase activity bands (termed Xyl-1 to Xyl-6) in all koji samples. After 60 days of cultivation, the free amino acid concentration was highest in soy sauce generated by A4 at 6709.41 mg/100 ml and contained 1690.82 mg/100 ml umami-tasting amino acids (including glutamic acid and aspartic acid), followed by soy sauce generated by A2. Pearson’s coefficient analysis indicated that Xyl-1 and Xyl-2 activities were positively associated with the umami-tasting amino acid content of soy sauce. In conclusion, these data suggested that the xylanases Xyl-1 and Xyl-2 in koji could be important contributors to the umami taste formation of soy sauce. 相似文献
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蒲公英是一种传统的中药材,也是一种药食两用植物。蒲公英富含黄酮、多糖、多酚等活性物质,具有抗氧化、抗菌消炎、抑制肿瘤等功能特性,蒲公英在临床应用、化妆品应用和功能食品开发等方面研究较为广泛。本文对蒲公英化学成分、功能特性和应用等研究最新进展进行综述,以期为蒲公英资源综合利用、蒲公英功能产品开发和蒲公英抑菌保鲜研究提供理论依据和技术支撑。另外,蒲公英还具有抑菌作用,在生鲜食品保鲜中有着很好的应用前景。目前,蒲公英抑菌作用研究报道较少,本研究下一步将从冷冻水产品和鲜切水果保鲜2个方面开展蒲公英的抑菌保鲜作用。 相似文献
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木聚糖酶酶活影响因素的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
研究了两种耐温耐碱的商业木聚糖酶酶活的影响因素:木聚糖酶A和木聚糖酶B酶反应的最适pH值为7.0,酶反应的最适温度分别为65℃和70℃.Fe3 在低浓时对这两种酶有激活作用,Fe3 在高浓时则有抑制作用.Al3 对木聚糖酶A有抑制作用,对木聚糖酶B有激活作用.Cu2 对木聚糖酶A和木聚糖酶B都表现为抑制作用.Mn2 对木聚糖酶A有激活作用,对木聚糖酶B有抑制作用. 相似文献
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肉制品是人们日常膳食的重要组成部分.随着时代日新月异以及人们饮食观念的改变,添加天然成分以改良肉制品成为当代趋势.膳食纤维作为一类功能性营养素已被越来越多的应用于肉品加工中,以优化组成成分、强化营养、提高产品出产率及延长贷架期.本文综述了膳食纤维添加于肉制品中的应用,并以此展望了此类研究的发展趋势. 相似文献
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混合办公废纸酶法脱墨的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
将几种纤维素酶和半纤维素酶应用于混合办公废纸的酶法脱墨中。研究了碎浆时问和碎浆浓度对脱墨效果的影响,并对几种酶对混合办公废纸脱墨浆性能的影响进行了比较。研究表明,与对照浆相比,纤维素酶和半纤维素酶的加入能显著降低脱墨浆的尘埃度。同时,在较低酶用量作用下,酶处理可以改善脱墨浆的抗张强度。几种酶相比,单组分的内切酶DeniMax 401具有最好的脱墨效果,当酶用量为0.2ECU/g时,脱墨浆的尘埃度比对照浆下降了60.6%,并且保持了良好的物理性能。 相似文献
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木聚糖酶在制浆造纸工业中的应用和研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近20年来,随着生物技术的发展,利用微生物及生物酶代替部分乃至全部氯的纸浆漂白研究迅猛展开,并取得了一个又一个的突破。木聚糖酶在植物纤维原料的生物转化和制浆造纸领域的应用已引起全世界的广泛关注,一些成果已进入实用化规模阶段。 相似文献
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对纸浆漂白用木聚糖酶选择性合成的研究现状进行了较全面的总结和评述。系统地介绍了木聚糖酶的酶源和木聚糖酶的多样性以及碳源、培养温度、pH值和碳氮比等培养条件对合成木聚糖酶和纤维素酶的影响,提出了调控这些培养条件选择性合成低纤维素酶活的木聚糖酶,以使木聚糖酶更好地在纸浆漂白中应用。 相似文献
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从实验室保藏的9株黑曲霉菌株和1株宇佐美曲霉菌株中,通过初筛和复筛获得了一株高产酸性果胶酶菌株一宇佐美曲霉(Aspergillus usamii)YL-1。YL-1菌株产酶发酵条件为:29℃静置培养72h,期间在24h翻曲1次。采用单因素试验确定了该茵株固态发酵优化培养基组成为:250mL锥形瓶装发酵基料10g(麸皮8g+豆饼粉2g),食用果胶0.9g,玉米浆0.5mL,吐温-800.15%,(NH4)2SO4 2.0%,KH2PO40.4%(均相对于基料),料水比1:1,自然pH。酸性果胶酶活力最高达4831 IU/g干曲。 相似文献
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Jiao Ge Cui‐Xia Sun Harold Corke Khalid Gul Ren‐You Gan Yapeng Fang 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2020,19(4):1835-1876
In recent years, the development and application of plant proteins have drawn increasing scientific and industrial interests. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important source of high‐quality vegetable protein in the human diet. Its protein components are generally considered hypoallergenic, and many studies have highlighted the health benefits associated with the consumption of pea protein. Pea protein and its hydrolysates (pea protein hydrolysates [PPH]) possess health benefits such as antioxidant, antihypertensive, and modulating intestinal bacteria activities, as well as various functional properties, including solubility, water‐ and oil‐holding capacities, and emulsifying, foaming, and gelling properties. However, the application of pea protein in the food system is limited due to its poor functional performances. Several frequently applied modification methods, including physical, chemical, enzymatic, and combined treatments, have been used for pea protein to improve its functional properties and expand its food applications. To date, different applications of pea protein in the food system have been extensively studied, for example, encapsulation for bioactive ingredients, edible films, extruded products and substitution for cereal flours, fats, and animal proteins. This article reviews the current status of the knowledge regarding pea protein, focusing on its health benefits, functional properties, and structural modifications, and comprehensively summarizes its potential applications in the food industry. 相似文献
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海洋生物活性肽具有抗氧化、抗高血压和抗动脉粥样硬化等生物学特性。海洋来源的抗氧化肽分子质量一般低于3 kDa,多数为胃蛋白酶水解产生。海洋来源的抗高血压肽分子质量一般低于1.5 kDa,具有血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性。小球藻中提取的多肽可抑制内皮细胞选择素的产生,具有抗动脉粥样硬化活性。唇贻贝中性蛋白酶水解多肽可促进血小板内皮细胞黏附分子-1、成纤维细胞生长因子和表皮生长因子增殖,具有皮肤伤口修复功能。在鱼类副产物及其水解蛋白中提取的多肽,水解度越高溶解性越高,起泡和乳化性能良好。本文旨在综述从不同海洋来源分离的生物活性肽的信息,重点介绍其不同的生物活性和功能特性,以及不同的工业应用,以期推动海洋生物活性肽功能产品开发,并为其生物学和功能特性的深入研究提供理论参考。 相似文献