基于最优解耦的关联大系统的故障检测

对于关联大系统的故障检测,通常的做法是通过进行观测器的特征结构配置使残差信号与动态关联项完全解耦,这种方法具有很大的局限性.本文将对这一问题作进一步扩展,当系统模型不能满足残差与关联项解耦时,运用最优解耦理论,通过矩阵的奇异值分解实现最优解耦,从而保证故障的检测效果.     

计算机电梯控制器故障检测系统

介绍了一套针对微机电梯控制器的故障检测系统。实际运行结果表明，该系统方便实用，大大提高了电梯检测效率。     

一类非线性系统参数突变故障的检测与诊断

本文针对一类非线性系统提出了一种非线性自适应故障检测滤波器,可以实时检测并分离、估计出其参数的突变故障。仿真实例说明了本文方法的有效性。     

动态系统的故障检测与容错控制

本文详尽地论述了各种容错控制方法,讨论了动态系统的各种故障检测技术及系统重构技术。     

SINS/GPS系统故障检测与分析

本文分析了故障对舰船SINS／GPS系统导航性能的影响，观测了采用残差X^2检验法与状态X^2检验法对系统故障进行检测的效果，并讨论了检测结果与故障源之间的对应关系。     

基于大数据分析的通信网络阻塞故障检测方法

针对通信网络在运行过程中会受到外界攻击,导致通信网络出现阻塞故障问题,以提高通信网络阻塞故障的检测性能为目的,提出了基于大数据分析的通信网络阻塞故障检测方法.在大数据分析的基础上,先对通信网络阻塞故障数据进行降维处理,判别了通信网络阻塞故障数据的特征,采用大数据分析进行通信网络阻塞故障在时间轴和频率轴的联合估计,完成通...     

发电厂直流系统接地故障检测技术

针对传统的变频信号注入法存在的不足,提出了向直流系统母线注入方波信号的波形分析法。根据该方法开发的直流接地故障检测装置在发电厂已取得良好的应用效果。     

动态系统输入环节突发性故障的检测与辨识

在分析输入环节脉冲型故障和阶跃型故障对动态系统的状态变化和测量系统输出信 息的影响的基础上,本文采用正向容错M-型滤波与反向WLS估计结合的方法,建立了输入环 节脉冲型故障的检测与故障幅度辨识算法;对于输入环节的阶跃型故障,文中建立了分别适用 于定常系统和时变系统的差分变换法与扩展状态空间方法.     

在线故障检测技术在电磁调速系统中的应用

针对电磁调速系统的实际特点,提出了一种具有建模不确定性的非线性系统在线故障检测方法.假定该系统仅是输入、输出可测量的,并把故障建模为状态变量和输入变量的函数.文中用一种基于RBF神经网络的在线非线性估计器来跟踪调速系统中出现的故障,从理论上证明了该方法对有建模不确定性的非线性系统的故障检测具备良好的鲁棒性.仿真实例说明了该故障检测方法的有效性.     

非均匀采样数据系统的故障检测

针对目前涉及较少的非均匀采样数据系统故障检测研究,研究了一类基于观测器的故障检测滤波器设计问题;对于非均匀采样数据系统,首先利用提升技术推导出系统的提升状态空间模型,然后选用基于未知输入观测器的故障检测滤波器来作为残差产生器;同时给出一种故障检测滤波器设计的H_∞最优化设计方法,并给出其最优解及存在条件;最后通过一个示例进行验证,结果证明了该方法的有效性;该方法能够有效地实现对非均匀采样数据系统的故障的检测。     

Unknown Input Fault Detection and Isolation Observer Design for Neutral Systems

This paper deals with actuator fault diagnosis of neutral delayed systems with multiple time delays using an unknown input observer. The main purpose is to design an observer that guarantees the asymptotic stability of the estimate error dynamics and the actuator fault detection. The existence conditions for such an observer are established. The main problem studied in this paper aims at designing observer‐based fault detection and isolation. The designed observer enhances the robust diagnosis performance, including rapidity and accuracy, and generates residuals that enjoy perfect decoupling properties among faults. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, the design of the observer is formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities, and the diagnosis scheme is based on a bank of unknown input observers for residual generation that guarantees fault detection and isolation in the presence of external disturbances. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.     

基于观测器的多智能体系统一致性控制与故障检测

针对一类受到未知干扰的非线性多智能体系统,提出了一种鲁棒一致性控制与故障检测算法.首先,针对每个智能体系统设计了一个未知输入非线性观测器.然后,基于观测器的状态估计信息,设计了鲁棒一致性控制协议.控制协议保证了给定的干扰抑制性能指标.接着,考虑智能体出现故障的情形,采用自适应阈值法,提出了一种分布式故障检测算法.最后,以多个直流电机驱动的单摆系统为例进行了仿真实验,仿真结果表明了一致性控制与故障检测算法的有效性.     

Fault Detection and Isolation Method Based on H−/H∞ Unknown Input Observer Design in Finite Frequency Domain

This paper proposes an actuator fault detection and isolation strategy based on a bank of unknown input observers with finite frequency specifications. In order to deal with actuator fault diagnosis problem, a bank of H _?/H _∞ unknown input observers are designed to generate residuals, which are insensitive to the corresponding faults but sensitive to the other actuators faults, and meanwhile robust against the unknown disturbances. In this paper, the actuator faults and unknown disturbances are considered to belong to finite frequency domains, and two finite frequency performance indices are used to measure the fault sensitivity and the disturbance robustness of the residuals. Furthermore, some parameters for extra design of freedom are introduced in the H _?/H _∞ unknown input observers design. Based on the generalised Kalman‐Yakubovich‐Popov (GKYP) lemma, the design conditions of the H _?/H _∞ unknown input observer are derived and formulated as linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, a VTOL aircraft model is used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed fault diagnosis scheme.     

基于观测器的线性系统故障检测方法性能比较研究

已有的故障诊断方法基本是针对开环系统设计的，本文通过仿真实验对输出反馈控制和开环控制下基于观测器的线性系统故障检测方法的性能进行了比较研究。仿真实验与理论分析表明，若线性系统模型精确，闭环控制不影响观测器方法对于加性故障的检测但对乘性故障的检测会产生影响。     

Fault Detection for Nonlinear Systems with Unknown Input

This paper extends the problem of fault detection for linear discrete‐time systems with unknown input to the nonlinear system. A nonlinear recursive filter is developed where the estimation of the state and the input are interconnected. Unknown input which can be any type of signal was obtained by least‐squares unbiased estimation and the state estimation problem is transformed into a standard unscented Kalman filter (UKF) problem. By testing the mean of the innovation process, a real‐time fault detection approach is proposed. Simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.     

一般非线性相似组合大系统的渐近观测器

利用现代微分几何方法和分析法相结合,给出了由一般非线性控制系统经非线性互联而成的相似组合大系统渐近观测器存在的充分条件.     

Robust Unknown Input Observer Design for Linear Uncertain Time Delay Systems with Application to Fault Detection

In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to design a robust fault detection observer for uncertain linear time delay systems. The system is composed of both norm‐bounded uncertainties and exogenous signals (noise, disturbance, and fault) which are considered to be unknown. The main contribution of this paper is to present unknown input observer (UIO)‐based fault detection system which shows the maximum sensitivity to fault signals and the minimum sensitivity to other signals. Since the system contains uncertainty terms, an H_∞ model‐matching approach is used in design procedure. The reference residual signal generator system is designed so that the fault signal has maximum sensitivity while the exogenous signals have minimum sensitivity on the residual signal. Then, the fault detection system is designed by minimizing the estimation error between the reference residual signal and the UIO residual signal in the sense of H_∞ norm. A sufficient condition for the existence of such a filter is exploited in terms of certain linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Application of the proposed method in a numerical example and an engineering process are simulated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results show the validity of the proposed approach to detect the occurrence of faults in the presence of modeling errors, disturbances, and noise.     

AGC系统中的非线性观测器设计

AGC（自动发电控制）系统是一个十分复杂的系统，其具有严重的非线性，且输入（锅炉、轮机等动力产生部分）和输出（频率负载）均存在未知扰动，为了实现对发电系统的精确控制，设计出输入输出扰动的观测器显得尤为重要。在阐述了一种带有未知输入输出扰动的非线性观测器设计方法的同时，是对传统的只能观测输入环节中的未知扰动观测器的一大改进。通过对系统状态方程和输出方程的一系列解偶变换，将输入、输出扰动从系统中分离出来。解偶后，系统分为受扰子系统和无扰动子系统两部分，通过对无扰动子系统的分析，最终设计出输入输出未知扰动观测器。系统观测器增益矩阵则通过求解一个代数Riccati方程（ARE）得到。将设计出的观测器用于故障检测与隔离（FDI）并取得良好的效果。     

故障系统的状态估计

本文讨论故障系统的状态估计问题.文中给出了在故障检测滤波器误差方程基础上,利用未知输入观测器或逆系统算法,根据输出误差估计状态误差,从而得到故障系统状态的估计方法.文中还给出了一个数字仿真例子.