AHP标度改进研究及其在IDS评估中的应用

传统的层次分析法的“1～9标度”方法不能精确的反映人的实际思维,尤其是在构权时可能会影响最终的判断结果,本文提出了一种基于三角模糊数表示的改进的AHP标度方法,使AHP构权更加符合人的比较思维。最后本文给出入侵检测系统评估指标体系构权实例,结果证明,与传统方法对比,应用三角模糊数方法构权能够更加精确的反应人的实际思维。     

捷联式惯性导航系统性能的综合评价新方法

该文根据捷联式惯性导航系统的组成元件及功能,给出评价其性能的多层次指标体系,具体评价步骤如下：首先由专家采用百分制给出的三角模糊数的初始评价矩阵,选用隶属函数得到三角模糊数隶属关系阵。其次利用AHP确定各层次的指标权重,由此建立了三角模糊数与AHP相结合的多层次模糊评价模型。最后应用Yager方法计算三角模糊数的平均值对各系统的评价结果进行排序。此方法弥补了单纯的AHP法解决多层次问题以及对评价结果排序的不足。为评价实际工程中多系统、多层次问题的研究提供了新的方法。     

FAHP在用户行为信任评价中的研究

针对层次分析法（AHP）的缺点,提出了一种基于三角模糊数的模糊层次分析法,该评估方法通过使用模糊数来反映专家评判的模糊性,弱化了单纯使用AHP方法存在的主观性,并对网络用户行为各属性的权重进行量化计算,使评判结果更加客观,通过实例说明如何在实际中应用该方法。评价结果为基于动态信任的安全控制提供量化分析基础,为服务提供者采取更加安全的策略来响应用户请求提供量化依据。     

三角直觉模糊决策的权重函数方法

研究了属性值为三角直觉模糊数的多属性决策问题,提出了一种基于权重函数的决策方法。给出了三角直觉模糊数的定义、运算法则和截集;定义了三角直觉模糊数关于隶属函数和非隶属函数的精确值和模糊度,以及精确值的指标和模糊度的指标,给出了三角直觉模糊数的排序方法,并将其应用到属性值为三角直觉模糊数的多属性决策问题中;给出了属性值为三角直觉模糊数的多属性决策的步骤;通过数值算例分析和验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于三角模糊数层次分析法与网络仿真的网络整体性能评价研究

结合模糊理论提出了改进的模糊AHP算法——基于三角模糊数层次分析法(Triangular Fuzzy Number Analytic Hierarchy Process,TFAHP),使得结论更加客观、合理,同时简化了AHP算法的步骤。在提出基于THAHP网络整体性能评价模型的基础上,阐述了应用网络仿真技术进行网络整体性能评价的方法。包括性能指标选取、仿真试验设计、仿真性能参数计算和仿真结果处理与分析的方法,并给出了对一个具体的多媒体网络进行网络整体性能评价的应用实例。     

基于模糊AHP的系统仿真可信度评估方法

该文讨论用模糊层次分析法(fuzzy AHP)计算影响系统仿真可信度评估的各因素的权重，fuzzy AHP基于模糊理论，用三角模糊数表示两两判断矩阵。通过比较第1个对象满足m个目标的综合程度计算权重向量。filzzy AHP用法考虑了人们对复杂事物判断的模糊性，能够更好地克服人为主观判断、偏好给决策带来的影响，因而更具有合理性。最后的应用结果表明该方法科学合理，简单实用，具有一定的工程应用价值。     

基于改进三角模糊数的网络安全风险评估方法*

采用改进的德尔菲法对网络安全指标进行选取,在评价指标权重确定上,针对传统的AHP（层次分析法）权重确定方法的缺点,提出了改进的三角模糊数评价IFAHP方法。最后,设计并实现了一个网络安全评价原型系统,并采用二级模糊综合评价对网络系统的安全性进行了评估。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地解决AHP方法的主观随意性和一致性验证的问题,提高网络安全评价的客观性和有效性。     

基于模糊QoS和偏好权重的Web服务组合方法研究

为了充分体现服务质量(QoS)的不确定性和用户偏好的模糊性,本文将模糊集理论引入基于QoS的Web服务组合中,将不适合精确表示的QoS属性和用户偏好等信息用三角模糊数表示.然后基于权重和法计算模糊总目标,通过设计新的模糊数比较方法,改写Pareto支配关系,将基于模糊数比较的单目标优化问题转化为多目标优化问题,并设计模糊多目标遗传算法(FMOGA)求得Pareto最优解集.该方法不仅能够得到更加贴近实际情况的优化解,同时也解决了多属性决策方法无法对大量候选服务进行全局优化的问题.最后通过实验验证了该算法的有效性和优越性.     

基于模糊数和熵权的通信安全设备方案选型方法

利用模糊数运算理论和熵权的概念与方法,对通信安全设备方案选型进行分析。采用三角模糊数来建立判断矩阵和专家评判矩阵,改进了AHP方法。根据水平截集和乐观指标,进行模糊区间运算。并依据熵权的计算确定各论证指标的权重,运用模糊综合评判方法对通信安全设备方案选型进行分析和评判。实例分析结果验证了方法的有效性与可行性。     

AHP 法中判断矩阵的比例标度构造法

指出AHP法中现有标度方法的主要缺陷是：标度“粒度”大粒且标度值不能反映方案间的实际重要程度和关系，容易导致判断信息损失，破坏方案间重要程度的传递性，为此提出一种比例标度和对应判断矩阵构造方法，其特点是标度值能较为准确地标度方案的重要度，所构造的判断矩阵是完全一致的，因而大大提高了AHP方法决策的可靠性和实用性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.