共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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阐述了原子力显微镜(AFM)、化学力显微镜(CFM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、飞行时间二次离子质谱(ToF-SIMS)几种先进表面分析技术的基本原理以及用于纸浆纤维表面研究的新进展。 相似文献
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本文采用原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了经冷等离子处理的PET织物的表面形态变化,定量地测出了处理后试样的表面均方根粗糙度和表面积的值。研究了PET织物的表面形态(均方根粗糙度和表面积)随着空气等离子处理时间和气体压力的变化规律。同时研究了He、Ar、SF6和CF4等气体作用条件下,PET织物表面特征随着气体压力的变化情况。在空气、He、Ar等气体作用下,主要是由于织物刻蚀作用而引起的表面形态的变化。对SF6和CF4两种气体来说,可能是由于氟原子接枝而在PET织物表面沉淀而不同。 相似文献
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采用低温磁控溅射技术在丙纶(熔喷法非织造布)表面沉积铝、氧化锌和聚四氟乙烯纳米薄膜,用原子力显微镜观察纤维基材及三种纳米薄膜沉积在纤维表面的微观结构,为进一步对聚合物纤维材料磁控溅射功能化加工的工艺参数优化调整,以及对沉积材料在纤维表面的结合机理的研究提供理论依据。通过对原子力显微镜图像分析发现,丙纶(熔喷法非织造布)表面比较平滑,而丙纶长丝的表面则成一定的周期性条纹状结构;低温磁控溅射技术在丙纶(熔喷法非织造布)表面构建的功能性纳米薄膜随着沉积材料的不同,其在纤维表面的聚集形态不同。铝和氧化锌在纤维表面形成纳米颗粒状结构,而高分子材料聚四氟乙烯则形成纳米条带状形貌。分析和测量了金属颗粒和聚四氟乙烯条带的尺寸。 相似文献
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Umit Huner 《Journal of Natural Fibers》2018,15(6):808-821
The aim of this study is to examine the impact of surface modification on properties of flax fiber and flax-reinforced composites. For this purpose, acetic anhydride, sodium hydroxide, and silane were used to treat surface of the flax fiber. The effects of treatments on fiber were investigated by using contact angle, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Contact angle and AFM results revealed that sodium hydroxide-treated flax fibers have higher adhesion force on the fiber surface. Particularly, NaOH treatment improved the mechanical properties of the epoxy matrix composite. 相似文献
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将无机盐、无机矿物纤维2种淀粉替代剂分别应用于瓦楞原纸表面施胶,研究了淀粉-无机盐、淀粉-无机矿物纤维表面施胶对瓦楞纸应用性能的影响;探讨了无机盐及无机矿物纤维的不同替代量对施胶后纸样环压、耐破强度性能的影响,并对纸样进行了扫描电镜分析,对施胶成本进行了探讨. 相似文献
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Chen J 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2007,47(6):583-598
Surface texture is generally accepted as a key sensory factor of food materials and has great impact on consumers' perception and expectation of a food product. However, no authentic definition has been given in the literature for the term surface texture. Its real meaning is often rather confusing, varying from case to case and from person to person. A general consensus is that surface texture is a multi-parameter sensory factor composed of those surface-related features which can be perceived by visual, tactile handfeel, and tactile mouthfeel senses. A list of such surface-related features has been produced in this review, and of those, topographical properties are probably the most intensively investigated features in literature and are discussed in detail in this paper. The surface texture of a food can be characterized by either sensory panel tests or by physical instrument tests. The former uses panellists (trained or untrained) for sensory assessment, while the latter applies physical techniques to characterize the surface. While sensory tests are widely used for studies on consumers' perception and preference of foods, instrumental characterization uses one or few parameters to define a surface (either qualitatively or quantitatively). Physical techniques used for surface characterization are categorized into two groups: surface contacting and non-surface contacting. The former include tribometer, surface force apparatus, contact profilometry, atomic force microscopy, friction force microscopy, etc. Non-surface contacting techniques include gloss metre, fiber optic reflectometer, angle-resolved light scattering apparatus, surface glistening points method, electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, etc. The principles and application examples of these techniques were discussed in this review. 相似文献
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以木薯淀粉为原料,松香酸为酯化剂,氯仿为溶剂,以液态脂肪酶为催化剂,在两相体系中直接在原木薯淀粉表面进行酯化修饰合成松香淀粉酯(RAS),并利用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、热重差分析(TGA)、接触角、乳化能力及乳化稳定性等对RAS的结构及理化性能进行分析。结果表明:与原淀粉相比,FT-IR谱图中RAS在1728 cm-1附近出现羰基特征峰,SEM图中RAS表面的酯化斑点表明木薯淀粉表面成功接上了松香酸基团;XRD和TGA结果显示木薯淀粉经松香酸修饰后结晶度下降;对比原木薯淀粉,RAS(DS=0.0502)的接触角提高了63.40%,乳化能力、乳化稳定性分别由原木薯淀粉的1.53%、1.50%,提高至31.91%、23.08%。且随着DS的升高,RAS疏水性能及乳化性能也随之提高。 相似文献
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氮等离子体处理对腈纶纤维表面性能的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
以氮气辉光放电等离子体技术处理腈纶纤维 ,利用SEM、BET和XPS等测试方法 ,分析等离子体处理前后纤维表面形态、元素组成及官能团的变化。结果表明 ,腈纶纤维经等离子体处理后表面粗糙度增加 ,大量的含氧和含氮极性基团被引入到纤维表面 ,使纤维表面吸湿性能得到显著改善。 相似文献
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通过预试验和扫描电镜法分析得出超声波提取可提高芥子中硫苷的提取率,进而采用Plackett-Burman(PB)试验和响应面法研究芥子中硫苷的超声波提取最佳工艺条件,并以硫苷的提取率作为响应值。在单因素试验的基础上,采用PB试验从影响超声波提取的因素中筛选出超声功率和乙醇浓度两个显著因素,在此基础上,通过最陡爬坡试验逼近最大硫苷提取率区域,然后通过中心组合设计试验对显著因素进行优化,得出最佳超声波提取工艺条件为:仪器(超声波细胞粉碎机)参数为超声功率300 W、超声工作时间4 s(间歇时间6 s),提取总时间25 min(即超声150次),液料比15:1(mL/g)和乙醇体积分数48%。在此条件下,硫苷提取率为2.902%,与预测值2.894%相对误差为0.276%。这表明PB试验结合响应面法可以很好地优化芥子中硫苷的超声波提取工艺。 相似文献