环境温度、电离辐射剂量率对NMOSFET器件特性参数的影响

研究了辐射环境温度、辐射剂量率、退火温度和退火偏置对CC4007NMOS器件阈值电压的影响.研究发现,低温(-30℃)辐照感生的氧化物陷阱电荷比室温(25℃)多,界面态电荷比室温要少;受不同γ剂量率辐射时,阈值电压的漂移程度不一样,在总剂量相同情况下,辐射剂量率高时,阈值电压的漂移量也大;辐照后,NMOS器件100℃退火速度要大于25℃退火速度,+5V栅偏压退火情况要大于浮空偏置情况.并对以上现象进行了分析和解释.     

环境温度、电离辐射剂量率对NMOSFET器件特性参数的影响

研究了辐射环境温度、辐射剂量率、退火温度和退火偏置对 CC40 0 7NMOS器件阈值电压的影响 .研究发现 ,低温 (- 30℃ )辐照感生的氧化物陷阱电荷比室温 (2 5℃ )多 ,界面态电荷比室温要少 ;受不同 γ剂量率辐射时 ,阈值电压的漂移程度不一样 ,在总剂量相同情况下 ,辐射剂量率高时 ,阈值电压的漂移量也大 ;辐照后 ,NMOS器件 10 0℃退火速度要大于 2 5℃退火速度 ,+5 V栅偏压退火情况要大于浮空偏置情况 .并对以上现象进行了分析和解释     

低剂量率下MOS器件的辐照效应

对MOS器件在低剂量率γ射线辐射条件下的偏置效应进行了研究。对不同偏置及退火条件下MOS器件辐照后的阈值电压漂移进行了对比。结果表明，偏置在MOS器件栅氧化层内产生电场，增强了辐照产生电子-空穴对的分离，同时，影响了正电荷（包括空穴和氢离子）的运动状态；此外，偏置对退火同样有促进作用。     

10位双极数模转换器的电离辐射效应

研究了国产互补双极工艺生产的数模转换器(D/A转换器)在不同偏置和不同剂量率条件下的电离辐射效应及退火特性。研究结果表明:D/A转换器对偏置条件和辐照剂量率都很敏感。大剂量率辐照时,电路功能正常,各功能参数变化较小;而在低剂量率辐照情况下,各参数变化显著,超出器件允许范围,器件功能失效。因此,D/A转换器表现出明显的低剂量率辐射损伤增强效应(ELDRS)。零偏时,D/A转换器功能参数损伤变化更加严重。最后,结合边缘电场效应和空间电荷模型对这种不同偏置和剂量率条件下的损伤机理进行了初步的探讨。     

功率VDMOS器件低剂量率辐射损伤效应研究

研究了抗辐射加固功率VDMOS器件在不同偏置条件下的高/低剂量率辐射损伤效应,探讨了阈值电压、击穿电压、导通电阻等电参数在不同剂量率辐照时随累积剂量的变化关系.实验结果表明,此型号抗辐射加固功率VDMOS器件在高/低剂量率辐照后参数的漂移量相差不大,不具有低剂量率辐射损伤增强效应.认为可以用高剂量率辐照后高温退火的方法评估器件的总剂量辐射损伤.实验结果为该型号抗辐射加固功率VDMOS器件在航空、航天等特殊领域的应用提供了技术支持.     

双极线性稳压器(LM317)的电离总剂量效应及剂量率的影响

对一款双极集成、三端线性稳压器LM317进行了不同偏置、不同剂量率条件下的电离辐射效应及室温退火特性研究。研究结果表明:器件输出电压、输入输出压差等敏感参数在电离辐射环境下发生了不同程度的变化,且在零偏偏置辐照下的变化比工作偏置辐照下的变化大;在零偏偏置条件,总剂量相同时低剂量率辐照下的损伤明显大于高剂量率辐照,表现出低剂量率损伤增强效应;在工作偏置条件,高剂量率辐照下的损伤大于低剂量率辐照下的损伤,但随后的退火实验中恢复到低剂量率辐照损伤水平,表现出时间相关效应。对稳压器辐射敏感参数的影响因素和不同偏置下的剂量率影响进行了分析和讨论。     

剂量率对PMOS剂量计辐射响应的影响

研究了不同剂量率下PMOS剂量计阈值电压的响应.在VTH偏置下,观察了剂量率对PMOS剂量计辐射响应线性度和灵敏度的影响规律及其退火特性.试验结果表明:随着剂量率降低,n值趋近于1,表现出较好的线性度,响应灵敏度也增加.分析认为,PMOS剂量计有明显的低剂量率辐射敏感增强效应(ELDRS),对其损伤机理作了进一步的讨论.     

Trench型N-Channel MOSFET低剂量率效应研究

基于抗辐射100V Trench型N-Channel MOSFET开展了不同剂量率的总剂量辐射实验并进行了分析,创新性提出了器件随低剂量率累积以及不同偏置状态下的变化趋势和机理,给出了器件实验前后的转移曲线和直流参数,进行了二维数值仿真比较,证明了实验和仿真的一致性。研究表明：随高剂量率的剂量增加,器件阈值电压(V_TH)发生了明显负向漂移现象,导通电阻(R_DSON)出现5%左右的降低,击穿电压(BV_DS)保持基本不变;低剂量率下总剂量效应与高剂量率有明显不同,阈值电压漂移量减小,同时出现正向漂移现象;此时导通电阻(R_DSON)和击穿电压(BV_DS)较高剂量率变化量进一步下降。研究认为,低剂量率下器件界面缺陷电荷增加变多,使得阈值电压的漂移方向发生改变,同时低剂量率实验周期是高剂量率的500倍,退火效应也较高剂量率的明显,导致器件参数辐射前后差异性减小。     

国产pnp双极晶体管在宽总剂量范围辐照下的ELDRS

研究了不同偏置条件下国产商用pnp型双极晶体管在宽总剂量范围内的辐射损伤特性和变化规律.实验结果表明,在100 rad(Si)/s和0.01 rad(Si)/s剂量率辐照下,总累计剂量达到200 krad (Si)时,这一宽总剂量范围内辐射损伤趋势均随着总剂量值不断累积而增大,且并未出现饱和.相同剂量率辐照下,发射结施加反偏状态时国产商用pnp双极晶体管的过剩基极电流变化最大,正偏下最小,零偏介于二者之间.两款晶体管均表现出明显的低剂量率损伤增强效应(ELDRS),且在反偏下ELDRS更显著.并对出现这一实验结果的损伤机理进行了探讨.     

双极运算放大器ELDRS效应的变剂量率加速模拟方法初探

采用不同的变剂量率加速评估方法,研究了在不同辐照温度、不同辐照总剂量条件下,运算放大器电路随高剂量率转换到低剂率的辐射变化规律.结果表明,辐照时的转换总剂量、辐照温度及辐照剂量率均会对器件的响应特性产生影响,采用合适的变剂量率辐照方法可以达到既缩短辐照时间,又能加速评估器件ELDRS效应的目的.另外,对产生各种响应差异的机理进行了分析.     

Dose-rate effects of p-channel metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors at various biasing conditions

The total-dose response and annealing effect of p-channel metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (PMOSFETs) were investigated at various dose rates and biasing conditions.The results show that the shift of threshold voltage is more obvious when the dose rate is decreased.Under the various dose rates and biasing conditions,some have exhibited a time-dependent effect and others showed enhanced low-dose-rate sensitivity (ELDRS).Finally,using the subthreshold-separating method,the threshold-voltage shift is separated into shifts due to interface states and oxidetrapped charges,and the underlying mechanisms of the observed effects are discussed.It has been indicated that the ELDRS effect results from the different quantities of the interface states generated at high and low dose rates.     

The enhanced low dose rate sensitivity of a linear voltage regulator with different biases

A linear voltage regulator was irradiated by ⁶⁰Coγat high and low dose rates with two bias conditions to investigate the dose rate effect.The devices exhibit enhanced low dose rate sensitivity（ELDRS） under both biases. Comparing the enhancement factors between zero and working biases,it was found that the ELDRS is more severe under zero bias conditions.This confirms that the ELDRS is related to the low electric field in a bipolar structure. The reasons for the change in the line regulation and the maximum drive current were analyzed by combining the principle of linear voltage regulator with irradiation response of the transistors and error amplifier in the regulator. This may be helpful for designing radiation hardened devices.     

Conversion model of enhanced low-dose-rate sensitivity for bipolar ICs

A physical model is proposed for enhanced low-dose-rate sensitivity (ELDRS) in bipolar junction transistors. It is based on the conception of a shallow and a deep set of radiation-induced oxide traps that are converted into interface traps under irradiation at high or low dose rates, respectively. Excess base current is calculated by introducing an exponential or a power-law representation of the impulse response used in a convolution integral. The former representation makes it possible to define time constants of conversion at high or low dose rates, respectively. Values of fitting model parameters are determined that lead to close agreement with previously reported experimental results.     

Non-equilibrium carrier capture, recombination and annealing in thick insulators and their impact on radiation hardness

This paper describes an approach to prediction of the thick insulators'' radiation response based on modeling of the charge yield, which is dependent on irradiation temperature, dose rate, and electric field magnitudes. Temperature behavior of the charge yield and degradation saturation due to the interface precursor depletion has been modeled and simulated. Competition between the time-dependent and true dose rate (ELDRS) effects has been simulated and discussed within a framework of the rate-equation-based mathematical model. It was shown that the precursor trap in the thick insulating oxides can be important at high dose rates. It was also shown that full filling of the shallow hole traps in the insulating oxide bulk can cause suppression of dose-rate sensitivity at relatively high dose rates, especially in thick insulators.     

Investigation of enhanced low dose rate sensitivity in SiGe HBTs by 60Co γ irradiation under different biases

This paper evaluates enhanced low dose rate sensitivity (ELDRS) in Silicon–Germanium heterojunction bipolar transistors (SiGe HBTs) which are isolated by LOCOS process. The ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiations were performed at 80 rad (Si)/s and 0.1 rad (Si)/s respectively in order to investigate dose rate dependence of the SiGe HBT. Devices were set in forward, saturated, cutoff, and all-grounded biases during the irradiation. The degradation mechanism of different dose rate irradiations was analyzed via measurement of forward Gummel mode and inverse Gummel mode both pre- and post- irradiation. The results show that ELDRS exists at forward, saturated, and all-grounded biases irradiations. The dose rate dependences of various irradiated biases are different in the SiGe HBT. The interface-traps both in EB Spacer and LOCOS are the major irradiated damages in the SiGe HBT for the low dose rate irradiation. ELDRS is directly related to the quality, thickness, and shape of oxide layers.     

双极器件和电路的不同剂量率的辐射效应研究

对不同类型和型号的国产及进口双极晶体管和运算放大器的不同剂量率的辐照效应及退火特性进行了研究。结果表明:在辐照的剂量率范围内,无论是国产还是进口的双极晶体管,都有明显的低剂量率辐照损伤增强现象,且NPN管比PNP管明显。双极运算放大器的研究结果显示:不同电路间的辐照响应差异很大,对有些电路而言,剂量率越低,损伤越大。有些电路虽有不同剂量率的辐照损伤差异,但这种差异可通过室温退火得到消除,因而只是时间相关的效应。文中对引起双极器件辐照损伤差异的机理进行了探讨。     

不同偏置状态下4T-CMOS图像传感器的总剂量辐射效应

对不同偏置状态下的国产科学级0.18 m工艺掩埋型4T-CMOS有源像素图像传感器进行钴-60射线辐照和退火实验，研究总剂量效应对图像传感器的性能影响，并观察是否存在总剂量偏置效应。着重分析暗电流、满阱容量等参数随累积剂量的变化规律。实验结果表明随着辐照总剂量累加，暗电流前期缓慢增长，之后退化明显加剧，这主要是由于辐照致界面态和氧化物陷阱电荷密度增加。4T-CMOS图像传感器的暗电流主要由来源于STI界面，而辐照导致耗尽区展宽与STI接触使得暗电流增长加剧，同时，辐照导致的耗尽区展宽也引起满阱容量的下降。并且在4T-CMOS图像传感器的实验中没有发现明显的总剂量偏置效应。