GFRP筋地下连续墙混凝土板受弯性能试验研究及有限元分析

为了解GFRP筋地下连续墙的受弯性能,通过GFRP筋混凝土板和钢筋混凝土板的对比受弯试验,分析了两者的受力-变形过程和破坏形态,对比了两者的挠度、开裂荷载、极限荷载以及混凝土应变。结果表明：GFRP筋混凝土板的受力-变形曲线大致可划分为开裂前和开裂后两个阶段,其破坏表现为脆性;混凝土开裂前两种板的截面应变变化规律均基本符合平截面假定,但开裂后GFRP筋混凝土板的挠度增长速率远大于钢筋混凝土板,且该速率基本不变;两种板的开裂荷载较为接近,而GFRP筋混凝土板的极限荷载为钢筋混凝土板的1.2倍。在试验基础上,建立了GFRP筋混凝土板的有限元模型,通过参数分析表明,GFRP筋混凝土板的抗弯刚度在开裂后随配筋率的增大而增大。图13表6参8     

混杂配筋混凝土梁抗弯承载力计算方法初探

钢筋和GFRP筋合理混杂布置，可较大程度地提高混凝土结构的耐久性。通过对8根梁的抗弯试验研究，证实GH冲筋、钢筋和混凝土可以很好地共同工作。依据实验结果和理论分析，提出了混杂配筋混凝土梁抗弯承载力计算方法。     

GFRP筋钢纤维高强轻骨料混凝土梁受弯性能试验研究

完成了9根配GFRP筋和1根配钢筋的高强轻骨料混凝土梁受弯性能试验,观察其破坏过程与破坏形态,分析了纤维掺量、纵筋类型、配筋率及纵筋直径等参数对试件承载能力、弯矩-跨中挠度曲线、裂缝宽度等受弯性能的影响,采用美国ACI 440.1R-15、中国GB 50608—2010和加拿大CSA S806-12、ISIS-M03-07等规范中的建议模型,通过开裂弯矩、承载力、挠度和裂缝宽度等参数评估了各国规范对该类构件的适用性。结果表明：随配筋率的增大,试件破坏模式依次表现为受拉破坏、平衡破坏和受压破坏,受压区破坏面贯穿骨料内部,较为光滑;掺入钢纤维能够有效抑制混凝土裂缝开展,延缓构件刚度退化,使开裂弯矩平均提高51.71%,承载力平均提高22.10%;增大GFRP筋配筋率能够提高构件刚度,但GFRP筋直径变化对试件变形及裂缝宽度无显著影响;GFRP筋梁开裂后刚度退化较配钢筋的对比试件迅速。各国规范计算结果表明：受拉破坏试件承载力计算结果较离散,且均偏于不安全;对于平衡破坏和受压破坏的试件预测结果均偏于保守,有足够安全储备。考虑轻骨料和钢纤维对构件刚度退化规律的影响,修正有效惯性矩并给出建议挠度计算模型,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

Flexural and shear capacities of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars

This paper reports test results of 12 concrete beams reinforced with glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars subjected to a four point loading system. All test specimens had no transverse shear nor compression reinforcement and were classified into two groups according to the concrete compressive strength. The main parameters investigated in each group were the beam depth and amount of GFRP reinforcement. Two modes of failure were observed, namely flexural and shear. The flexural failure is mainly occurred due to tensile rupture of GFRP bars either within the mid-span region or under the applied point load. The shear failure is initiated by a major diagonal crack within the beam shear span. This diagonal crack extended horizontally at the level of the GFRP bars indicating bond failure.Simplified methods for estimating the flexural and shear capacities of beams tested are presented. The flexural capacity is estimated based on the compatibility of strains and equilibrium of forces. Comparisons between the flexural capacity obtained from the theoretical analysis and that experimentally measured in the current investigation and elsewhere show good agreement. To predict the shear capacity of the beams tested, four methods recently proposed in the literature for GFRP-reinforced concrete beams are used. These methods have been developed by modifying the ACI 318-99 shear capacity formula for steel-reinforced concrete beams to account for the difference in the axial stiffness of GFRP and steel bars. It has been shown that the theoretical predictions of the shear capacity obtained from these methods are inconsistent and further research needs to be carried out in order to establish a rational method for the shear capacity calculation of GFRP-reinforced concrete beams.     

Probabilistic assessment on flexural capacity of GFRP-reinforced concrete beams designed by guideline ACI 440.1R-06

The provisions in the guideline ACI 440.1R-06 (call ACI guideline thereafter) on the flexural design of concrete beams reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rods are assessed from the probabilistic point of view by using the Rackwitz–Fiessler method. The assessment reveals that the design provisions in ACI guideline are really conservative. Among all resistance-related random variables, sectional width and height-to-width ratio have put significant influence on average reliability level in either failure mode. GFRP strength does not have any effect on reliability level in concrete crushing mode. Concrete strength shows a negligible effect in the failure mode of GFRP rupture. In the case of GFRP rupture, as the mean-to-nominal ratio of GFRP strength increases, the average reliability index at first increases and then decreases. Design of GFRP-reinforced concrete components subject to aggressive exposure conditions would achieve higher reliability level. As a result of the investigation on the relation between average reliability index and resistance reduction factor, a modified value of 0.81 for the factor is suggested.     

Deflection and crack-width prediction of concrete beams reinforced with glass FRP rods

Concrete beams reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars exhibit large deflections and crack widths as compared to concrete beams reinforced with steel due to the low modulus of elasticity of FRP. Current design methods for predicting deflections at service load and crack widths developed in concrete structures reinforced with steel bars may not be used for concrete structures reinforced with FRP bars. Thus, the ACI 440 Committee has provided design guidelines for concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars. Verification of the ACI 440 methods for predicting deflections and crack widths for glass fiber reinforced polymer reinforced concrete beams are presented in this paper. In addition, improvement to the crack width equation was suggested to account for 2 layers of reinforcement. This study shows that ACI 440.1R-01 can be effectively used to predict deflections in concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars and crack width in beams with one-layer FRP bars. However, when FRP bars are placed in two layers, ACI 440.1R-01 can be used after some parameters are modified. Six full concrete beams reinforced with different GFRP reinforcement ratios were load tested and the measured deflections and crack widths were analyzed and compared with those predicted by the proposed models. The experimental results compared well with those proposed by the model.     

BFRP筋/钢筋混合配筋混凝土梁抗弯试验与有限元分析

通过抗弯性能试验,分析了玄武岩纤维增强筋(BFRP筋)/钢筋混合配筋混凝土梁的承载力、破坏形态、挠度及裂缝发展情况。在试验基础上利用ANSYS软件建立了BFRP筋/钢筋混合配筋混凝土梁的三维有限元数值分析模型,并与试验结果进行了对比。在数值分析模型基础上研究了FRP筋类型及其布置方式对混合配筋混凝土梁抗弯性能的影响。结果表明:BFRP筋/钢筋混合配筋混凝土梁的破坏形式均为钢筋屈服后受压区混凝土被压碎;配筋面积比Af/As越大,初裂荷载越小,裂缝总数越少,挠度逐渐增加;建立的数值分析模型能较准确地模拟BFRP筋/钢筋混合配筋混凝土梁的抗弯性能;BFRP筋、AFRP筋(芳纶纤维增强筋)及GFRP筋(玻璃纤维增强筋)与钢筋混合配筋混凝土梁的荷载-挠度曲线比较接近;与BFRP筋相比,CFRP筋(碳纤维增强筋)/钢筋混合配筋混凝土梁的开裂荷载和极限荷载分别高14.2%和9.3%,最大挠度小35%左右;BFRP筋的布置方式(单层或双层)对混合配筋混凝土梁抗弯性能的影响不大。     

Influence of fibers on flexural behavior and ductility of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP rebars

This research studies the influence of fibers on flexural behavior and ductility of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars. The experimental program included seven beams. The tested beams were divided into four groups. Each of the first three groups consisted of two beams one of normal strength and the other of high strength while the fourth group consisted of one normal strength beam. The first group is the reference group which had no internal fibers. The second group studied the effect of using internal polypropylene fibers in the concrete mix. The third group studied the effect of using internal glass fibers in the concrete mix while the fourth group studied the effect of using internal steel fibers in the concrete mix. The experimental results of tests showed that using GFRP as the main reinforcement for the concrete beams achieves reasonable flexural strength. Also the theoretical results calculated using ACI 440 code showed good agreement with the experimental results with an error of about 20%. The results of the current research indicated that all types of the fibers used improved the ductility of FRP- reinforced concrete beams. It was found that the span-to-experimental service load deflection ratio is relatively high when compared to the usually accepted ratio of about span/250.     

预应力碳/玻混杂纤维筋混凝土梁受弯性能研究

针对单一纤维的FRP筋延性较差的缺点,在采用碳/玻混杂纤维复合材料(C/G-HFRP)筋的同时,引进预应力技术。通过对2根预应力HFRP筋混凝土梁、1根普通钢筋混凝土梁和1根普通HFRP筋混凝土梁的受弯性能试验研究,分析预应力HFRP筋混凝土梁的受力过程、破坏形态、抗弯承载力和变形等,提出了等效抗弯刚度的计算模型,为HFRP筋的工程应用提供了依据。     

Repair of heat-damaged reinforced concrete slabs using fibrous composite materials

Sixteen under-reinforced high strength concrete one-way slabs were cast, heated at 600 °C for 2 h, repaired, and then tested under four-point loading to investigate the coupling effect of water recuring and repairing with advance composite materials on increasing the flexural capacity of heat-damaged slabs. The composites used included high strength fiber reinforced concrete layers; and carbon and glass fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP and GFRP) sheets. Upon heating then cooling, the reinforced concrete (RC) slabs experienced extensive map cracking, and upward cambering without spalling. Recuring the heat-damaged slabs for 28 days allowed recovering the original stiffness without achieving the original load carrying capacity. Other slabs, recured then repaired with steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) layers, regained from 79% to 84% of the original load capacity with a corresponding increase in stiffness from 382% to 503%, whereas those recured then repaired with CFRP and GFRP sheets, regained up to 158% and 125% of the original load capacity with a corresponding increase in stiffness of up to 319% and 197%, respectively. Control, heat-damaged, and water recured slabs showed a typical flexural failure mode with very fine and well distributed hairline cracks, propagated from the repair layers to concrete compression zone. RC slabs repaired with SFRC layers failed in flexural through a single crack, propagated throughout the compression zone, whereas those repaired with CFRP and GFRP experience yielding failure of steel prior to the composites failure.     

新型玻璃纤维增强塑料砂浆锚杆的黏结性能试验研究

锚杆广泛应用于隧道、边坡、地下硐室开挖及支护工程中。通过锚杆的支护加固，岩土体的强度和稳定性能够得到显著的改善和提高。传统的钢锚杆在不良地质条件下存在锈蚀严重的缺点，给支护结构的安全性和耐久性带来严重威胁。玻璃纤维增强塑料具有轻质、高强、耐腐蚀等优良特性，是代替钢筋制作锚杆的理想材料之一。在经典拉伸试验模型的基础上，结合锚杆本身的受力特性，建立一种改进的拉伸试验模型，并且根据此试验模型，对直径分别为10，13，16mm的表面经过喷砂和缠绕纤维束处理的玻璃纤维增强塑料锚杆，以及直径为25mm的螺纹钢进行拉伸试验，试样的总数量为24组。试验采用强度等级为C60的混凝土模拟岩体，并采用强度等级分别为41．5，55．5MPa的砂浆作为锚固剂。在试验结果基础上，对玻璃纤维增强塑料锚杆的拉拔破坏模式、临界黏结长度、拉拔承载力、平均黏结强度以及与钢锚杆拉拔性能的比较进行研究讨论，对砂浆锚固玻璃纤维增强塑料锚杆的黏结性能进行系统全面的分析评价，为推广玻璃纤维增强塑料锚杆的工程应用、相关规范的制定，以及进一步研究工作提供一定数据储备和理论支持。     

GFRP筋纤维混凝土黏结滑移性能试验研究

与传统钢筋相比,GFRP(glass fiber reinforced polymer)筋与混凝土之间的协同作用相对较差。为充分发挥GFRP筋力学性能,通过在水泥基材料中掺入纤维,以提升混凝土的抗裂性和韧性,从而改善GFRP筋与混凝土的黏结性能。开展FRP筋-纤维混凝土拉拔试验,通过FRP筋-混凝土拉拔试验对比,分析掺入不同纤维种类与含量的混凝土对GFRP筋的黏结性能提升情况;分析FRP筋黏结长度、混凝土中纤维含量比例对黏结 滑移性能的影响;分析相应破坏形式,确定混凝土最佳纤维含量比例,获得聚丙烯纤维混凝土和玻璃纤维混凝土与GFRP筋的黏结应力沿着筋体表面的分布。明确GFRP筋拉拔受力全过程,明确GFRP筋纤维混凝土的黏结滑移机理。     

GFRP筋加固混凝土板的试验分析

本文介绍了GFRP筋混凝土板和钢筋混凝土板的试验室抗弯试验,描述了试件的受力～变形过程和破坏形态,对两种混凝土板的开裂荷载和极限荷载、挠度以及混凝土的应变进行了对比和分析。同时,对不同配筋率GFRP筋混凝土板进行了有限元模拟试验,探讨了配筋率对GFRP筋混凝土板刚度的影响,给出了GFRP筋混凝土板开裂后抗弯刚度的计算公式。     

Flexural strengthening of reinforced lightweight polystyrene aggregate concrete beams with near-surface mounted GFRP bars

Application of near-surface mounted (NSM) fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) bars is emerging as a promising technology for increasing flexural and shear strength of deficient reinforced concrete (RC) members. In order for this technique to perform effectively, the structural behaviour of RC elements strengthened with NSM FRP bars needs to be fully characterized. This paper focuses on the characterization of flexural behaviour of RC members strengthened with NSM glass-FRP bars. Totally, 10 beams were tested using symmetrical two-point loads test. The parameters examined under the beam tests were type of concretes (lightweight polystyrene aggregate concrete and normal concrete), type of reinforcing bars (GFRP and steel), and type of adhesives. Flexural performance of the tested beams including modes of failure, moment–deflection response and ultimate moment capacity are presented and discussed in this paper. Results of this investigation showed that beams with NSM GFRP bars showed a reduction in ultimate deflection and an improvement in flexural stiffness and bending capacity, depending on the PA content of the beams. In general, beams strengthened with NSM GFRP bars overall showed a significant increase in ultimate moment ranging from 23% to 53% over the corresponding beams without NSM GFRP bars. The influence of epoxy type was found conspicuously dominated the moment–deflection response up to the peak moment. Besides, the ultimate moment of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars could be predicted satisfactorily using the equation provided in ACI 318-95 Building Code.     

复合配筋预应力混凝土管桩抗弯性能试验和数值分析

开发研制了复合配筋(GFRP筋)预应力混凝土管桩(以下简称PRC-G桩),并进行了抗弯性能的现场抗弯试验和数值分析。试验研究结果表明,GFRP筋可以明显改善常规管桩的抗弯性能,其开裂荷载和极限荷载均有显著的提高,破坏时PRC-G桩均是受压区混凝土破碎而PRC桩的预应力筋被拉断;数值分析结果表明,PRC桩破坏时,预应力钢筋达到屈服强度1 420 MPa,PRC桩受压区混凝土未达到标准抗压强度,桩身未被破坏;PRC-G桩破坏时,受压区混凝土最大压应力为52.03 MPa,受压区混凝土破碎,管桩破坏。抗弯数值模拟和抗弯试验的结果表明,两者的荷载-挠度曲线的规律基本一致。研究成果可为复合配筋(GFRP筋)预应力混凝土管桩在工程中的推广应用提供理论依据。     

钢筋及GFRP筋锚杆与框架梁连接方式研究

锚杆与框架梁的连接方式影响加固效果和工艺流程。GFRP筋锚杆以其耐腐蚀、高强度特性成为钢筋锚杆腐蚀问题解决途径之一,GFRP筋锚杆与框架梁的有效连接方式是需要研究的问题。通过钢筋折杆、钢筋直杆及GFRP筋直杆的框架梁锚固模型试验,研究钢筋和GFRP筋锚杆框架梁锚固效果的差异。研究结果表明,为施加预应力而研制的锁定装置能够实现FRP筋的预应力张拉和锁定,工作状态稳定,拆装方便操作简单;钢筋折杆的框架梁锚固效果明显优于钢筋直杆锚固形式,相同厚度梁体下,折杆框架梁锚固结构能承担更高的荷载;钢筋直杆与GFRP筋直杆的框架梁锚固效果相近;以GFRP筋直杆等体积取代钢筋锚杆时,按照钢筋弯折锚固形式设计的框架梁厚度不能直接用于GFRP筋锚杆锚固,须根据直杆锚固试验确定框架梁厚度。     

纤维筋与玄武岩纤维混凝土粘结性能

为了对比BFRP和GFRP筋与玄武岩纤维混凝土的粘结强度,选用直径14的FRP筋埋入玄武岩纤维混凝土的立方体试块中进行拉拔试验,通过改变FRP筋锚固长度以及纤维掺量,研究玄武岩纤维混凝土与FRP筋的粘结性能.     

纤维筋与高强纤维混凝土的粘结性能

为了对比BFRP和GFRP筋与高强玄武岩纤维混凝土的粘结强度,选用直径14的FRP筋埋入玄武岩纤维混凝土的立方体试块中进行拉拔试验,通过改变FRP筋锚固长度以及纤维掺量,研究高强玄武岩纤维混凝土与FRP筋的粘结性能.     

GFRP筋与珊瑚混凝土黏结性能的试验研究

针对玻璃纤维增强塑料(GFRP)筋与珊瑚混凝土间的黏结行为研究较少,进而影响到相关结构计算及性能分析等问题,开展了GFRP筋与珊瑚混凝土黏结性能的拉拔试验研究,分析了GFRP筋与珊瑚混凝土黏结破坏的受力过程和黏结-滑移曲线特征,以及相对保护层厚度、黏结长度和珊瑚混凝土材料特性等因素对GFRP筋与珊瑚混凝土黏结强度的影响.结果表明:GFRP筋与珊瑚混凝土的黏结强度能够满足一般工程需要,GFRP筋与珊瑚混凝土黏结破坏的受力过程、黏结-滑移曲线特征、黏结机理、破坏形态与GFRP筋-普通混凝土的黏结行为较为接近;各影响因素中,黏结长度、相对保护层厚度、GFRP筋直径及表面状况对GFRP筋与珊瑚混凝土黏结强度及破坏形态影响较大.     

GFRP锚杆结构预应力锁定装置研制与现场试验

纤维增强聚合物(FRP)筋耐腐蚀,抗拉强度高,弹性模量小,用于边坡加固锚杆结构是解决钢筋锚杆结构耐久性问题的途径之一,预应力FRP锚杆结构是合理型式。FRP筋抗剪强度低,钢筋锚杆施加预应力采用的刚性夹具不能用于FRP锚杆。基于端部封闭的钢套管充填膨胀剂锚固FRP筋法,设计了FRP锚杆预应力施加及锚索装置,并进行了现场试验。试验结果表明:预应力锁定装置的原理可行,结构合理,使用方便,能较好地完成玄武–玻璃纤维增强聚合物(B-GFRP)锚杆的预应力施加和锁定,经历外部环境变化检验,降雨、震动等环境影响产生的预应力损失均缘于杆体界面的黏结蜕化,没有发生锁定装置失效导致荷载明显损失的现象。B-GFRP锚杆的预应力损失百分率在5%~35%间,达到了精轧螺纹钢锚杆预应力损失的控制标准。