Ni包MoS_2添加对等离子喷涂Mo涂层组织及性能的影响

针对车轮与钢轨的异常磨耗问题,采用等离子喷涂技术在CL60钢上制备了三种Mo涂层,即纯Mo、Mo+5%Ni/MoS_2、Mo+15%Ni/MoS_2。对三种涂层的微观组织、孔隙率、显微硬度、弹性模量、结合强度、耐磨性能进行表征。结果表明:三种等离子喷涂Mo涂层具有典型的层状结构且涂层与基材之间为机械结合。Ni包MoS_2的加入有效降低了Mo涂层的孔隙率,而且涂层硬度提高,但对涂层的弹性模量没有实质性影响。纯Mo涂层与基材的结合强度为27.07 MPa,随着涂层中Ni包MoS_2增强相的质量分数从5%增加到15%,涂层与基体的结合强度由32.53 MPa增加到39.88 MPa。Mo涂层可有效改善车轮材料的摩擦磨损性能,随着涂层中增强相Ni/MoS_2含量的增加,涂层的磨损量逐渐减小。但增强相Ni/MoS_2的加入增加了Mo涂层与基材的摩擦系数。     

不锈钢表面FeCoCrAlCuNiMo_x激光高熵合金化层的相演变

采用激光高熵合金化技术在2Cr13不锈钢表面制备FeCoCrAlCuNiMox(x=0,0.5,1,摩尔分数)激光高熵合金化层.利用XRD,SEM,EDS及显微硬度计对FeCoCrAlCuNiMox激光高熵合金化层的相转变机制、微观组织形貌及硬度进行研究.结果表明,2Cr13不锈钢基材主元素Fe,Cr在激光辐照条件下参与了表面合金化过程,形成了FeCoCrAlCuNiMox激光高熵合金化层;随着Mo含量的增加,合金化层相结构逐渐由fcc+bcc双相固溶体结构转变为fcc+bcc+hcp三相共存,hcp相主要为Ni3Mo和Co7Mo6,且Ni3Mo相含量高于Co7Mo6相;熔池的凝固温度在激光高熵合金化层相选择过程中起到重要作用.激光高熵合金化层显微组织为典型的枝晶组织;随着Mo含量的增加,枝晶内析出块状Ni3Mo和Co7Mo6相.FeCoCrAlCuNiMox激光高熵合金化层的显微硬度在390~490HV之间,且Mo含量的增加显著提高高熵合金化层的硬度.     

Age Hardening of AlCrMoNiTi High Entropy Alloy Prepared by Powder Metallurgy

采用粉末冶金工艺制备了AlCrMoNiTi高熵合金,并对其铸态和退火态的微观组织和硬度进行了研究。结果表明,铸态合金由富(Cr,Mo)bcc固溶体枝晶相和富(Al,Ni,Ti)fcc固溶体枝晶间相组成。时效合金在900℃高温可获得最高硬度HV约为6150 MPa,在1000℃发生退火软化现象,但是其硬度HV仍保持在5160 MPa的高硬度水平。这表明,AlCrMoNiTi高熵合金具有优异的高温时效硬化特性。该合金在800℃时的时效硬化特性主要归因于细晶强化,在900℃时则归因于第二相(bcc2)的析出硬化。在1000℃时发生退火软化现象,其原因在于第二相的分解和晶粒粗化。     

粉末冶金制备AlCrMoNiTi高熵合金的时效硬化特性（英文）

采用粉末冶金工艺制备了AlCrMoNiTi高熵合金,并对其铸态和退火态的微观组织和硬度进行了研究。结果表明,铸态合金由富(Cr,Mo)bcc固溶体枝晶相和富(Al,Ni,Ti)fcc固溶体枝晶间相组成。时效合金在900℃高温可获得最高硬度HV约为6150 MPa,在1000℃发生退火软化现象,但是其硬度HV仍保持在5160 MPa的高硬度水平。这表明,AlCrMoNiTi高熵合金具有优异的高温时效硬化特性。该合金在800℃时的时效硬化特性主要归因于细晶强化,在900℃时则归因于第二相(bcc2)的析出硬化。在1000℃时发生退火软化现象,其原因在于第二相的分解和晶粒粗化。     

激光熔覆MoFeCrTiWSix多主元合金涂层组织和性能研究

在Q235钢表面激光熔覆制备了MoFeCrTiWSi_x(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0)多主元合金涂层,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和硬度计等系统研究了Si对涂层的组织、相结构、显微硬度及高温抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明:激光熔覆MoFeCrTiW多主元合金涂层为简单bcc结构,组织为等轴晶。添加Si后,涂层主体相仍为bcc结构,当x≥0.4后,会有少量金属间化合物生成,合金涂层由先共晶bcc相和共晶组织(bcc相+Cr5Fe50Mo8.9Si5.2Ti20.4相)组成,随着Si量的增加,先共晶相的形态由胞状树枝晶转变为柱状树枝晶和等轴树枝晶,共晶组织逐渐增多。涂层从表面至结合区的混合熵呈高熵-中熵变化。涂层硬度和900℃时的抗氧化性能随着Si含量的增加有所提高,当x=1时,涂层平均硬度及抗氧化性能最高。     

粉末冶金制备AlNiCrFeCuMo_x高熵合金及其性能(英文)

采用粉末冶金法制备AlNiCrFeCuMox(x=0～0.2)合金,研究Mo含量对合金微观组织以及力学性能的影响。随着Mo含量的增加,AlNiCrFeCuMox合金的微观组织均为典型的花瓣状枝晶,且由于高熵效应,使得体系的相组成十分简单,均为bcc和fcc;bcc最高峰的强度会逐渐降低,相应地fcc的强度有所增加,所以Mo元素促进了fcc结构的生成。同时,当x=0.1时,合金拥有较好的力学性能,硬度达到5160MPa,断裂强度为1161MPa,最大变形率为24.4%。AlNiCrFeCuMox合金的力学性能变化是元素性质与晶体结构综合作用的结果。     

不同(Mo+B)/(Ni+Cr)质量比的原位合成MoB/NiCr涂层的组织结构与性能

采用超音速火焰喷涂技术沉积含3种不同(Mo+B)/(Ni+Cr)质量比（1:1,2:1和3:1）的Mo-B-Ni-Cr球磨复合粉末以原位反应制备获得MoB/NiCr涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）分析了MoB/NiCr涂层的组织结构和物相。同时讨论了不同(Mo+B)/(Ni+Cr)质量比对涂层的组织结构、硬度、结合强度和耐腐蚀性能的影响。研究结果表明,(Mo+B)/(Ni+Cr)质量比为1：1的MoB/NiCr涂层孔隙率最低及涂层厚度最大。在3种涂层中均原位反应生成了Mo₂NiB₂三元硼化物,且随着(Mo+B)/(Ni+Cr)质量比的增加,涂层中三元硼化物含量随之增加,涂层的硬度值增加,结合强度反而随之降低;由于涂层中三元硼化物的原位生成,MoB/NiCr涂层的硬度值均高于316L不锈钢基体。通过能谱和XRD分析发现,经过360 h熔融锌腐蚀试验后,涂层表层中没有发现锌元素及其金属间化合物,然而随着(Mo+B)/(Ni+Cr)质量比的增加,涂层的孔隙率增加及厚度降低。最后,综合分析可得,相比其他涂层,(Mo+B)/(Ni+Cr)质量比为1:1的MoB/NiCr涂层具有更好的耐熔融锌腐蚀能力。     

Mo含量对激光熔覆CoCrFeNiW0.6Mox高熵合金涂层组织与性能的影响

目的 研究Mo含量的变化对激光熔覆CoCrFeNiW0.6高熵合金涂层的影响。方法 使用RFL-C1000光纤激光器,在45钢基体表面制备CoCrFeNiW0.6Mox(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8)高熵合金涂层,并利用Leica DVM6光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能谱仪、显微硬度仪、电化学工作站对熔覆层的宏观形貌与稀释率、相结构、微观组织结构、硬度、耐腐蚀性能进行测试与分析。结果 加入Mo元素后,结合状态与表面形貌良好,当x=0~0.4时,涂层微观组织主要呈树枝晶形态,且晶粒逐渐变细。当x≥0.6时,涂层表面开始有裂纹产生。随着Mo元素的添加,涂层逐渐析出σ相,晶粒尺寸逐渐减小。当x=0.8时,有共晶组织形成。涂层显微硬度随Mo元素的增加而增加,但由于x=0.8时出现较多裂纹,裂纹的出现影响了涂层硬度,导致x=0.8时的硬度减小。当x=0.6时,涂层平均显微硬度最高,达到了959.69HV0.3,约为CoCrFeNiW0.6涂层平均硬度的20.32%。当x=0~0.6时,涂层耐腐蚀性能随着Mo元素含量的增加逐渐提升。当x=0.8时,耐腐蚀性能变差,其原因是裂纹的出现以及σ相的形成使得涂层耐腐蚀性变差。在x=0.6时,涂层耐腐蚀性能最好。结论 Mo元素的加入使得涂层微观组织出现σ相,同时有细化晶粒的作用,可以显著改善涂层的硬度以及耐腐蚀性。     

NiMo粘结的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的组织与力学性能

本文通过粉末冶金法制备Ni Mo粘结的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷,研究Ni Mo粘结相含量和烧结温度对Ni Mo粘结的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着Ni Mo粘结相含量的增加,硬质相颗粒弥散分布更加均匀,黑芯相得到细化,芯-环结构更加完整,环形相变厚,组织更加均匀。当Ni质量分数为30%时,在XRD图谱中出现明显的Ni4Mo类型的金属间化合物的衍射峰。粘结相含量越高,Ni Mo粘结的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的抗弯强度越高,硬度越低。随着烧结温度升高,黑芯相尺寸变小,环形相变厚。抗弯强度随着温度先升高后降低,粘结相含量越高,抗弯强度峰值对应的烧结温度越低。1 430℃烧结的20Ni Mo金属陶瓷硬度HRA达到91,抗弯强度大于2 000 MPa。     

Mo含量对（VFe）48Ti26Cr26-xMox（0≤x≤5）合金吸放氢性能的影响

系统研究了（VFe）₄₈Ti₂₆Cr_26-xMo_x（0≤x≤5）合金吸放氢性能及微观组织结构。XRD及PCT测试结果表明,随着Mo含量增加,合金的晶格常数增大,放氢平台压升高,吸放氢量在Mo含量0≤x≤2范围内不出现显著变化,且有效放氢量（质量分数）均能保持在2%以上。当Mo含量为1at%时,合金吸放氢量均达到最大值,吸氢量为3.59%,放氢量为2.08%,室温下的放氢平台压为0.337MPa。SEM与EDS分析表明,不同Mo含量的合金均由bcc主相、Laves相及稀土氧化物相组成,且Mo主要存在于合金的bcc主相中,而在Laves相中分布相对较少。     

Structural, mechanical and corrosion properties of TiOxNy/ZrOxNy multilayer coatings

Results on the deposition and characterization of TiO_xN_y/ZrO_xN_y multilayers, with bilayer periods of 20 and 400 nm, are presented. The coatings were deposited on TiNiNb alloy substrates by the pulsed magnetron sputtering method. The elemental composition, hardness, adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coatings were analyzed.As resulted from the XPS analysis, the individual layers consisted of a mixture of titanium or zirconium oxynitrides and corresponding oxides. X-ray analysis revealed that the coatings were amorphous. Only slight differences between the microhardness and adhesion values of the coatings with small and large bilayer period Λ were found. The experiments also showed that the multilayered coatings improved the corrosion resistance of the uncoated alloy and reduced the amount of ion release in artificial body fluids.     

Ag/LaNixCo1-xO3触点材料的制备及电接触性能研究

本文运用溶胶-凝胶燃烧法合成了双钙钛矿型LaNixCo1-xO3(LNCO)纳米材料,利用粉末冶金和热挤压技术制备了相应的Ag/LNCO触点材料及元件样品。重点考察了不同Ni、Co含量对Ag/LNCO触点材料微观结构、物相组成、物理性能、力学性能及电寿命服役能力的影响,对其电弧侵蚀失效行为进行了研究,并与SnO2粉体增强Ag基触点材料进行对比。结果表明:溶胶凝胶法合成的LNCO纳米颗粒粒径为20-30 nm,经粉末冶金工艺制备的Ag/LaNi0.5Co0.5O3触点材料电学性能和电寿命都优于Ag/SnO2触点材料,其电阻率低至2.10 μΩ?cm,电寿命性能达到51287次。表明Ag/LaNi0.5Co0.5O3触点材料性能较佳,是一种可以取代Ag/CdO的新型触点材料。     

MOCVD growth and characterizations of BxAl1−xAs and BxAl1−x−yInyAs alloys

Zinc-blende B_xAl_1−xAs and B_xAl_1−x−yIn_yAs alloys have been grown on exactly oriented (0 0 1)GaAs substrates by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD). The influence of susceptor coating, growth temperature and gas-phase boron mole fraction on boron incorporation into AlAs has been comprehensively investigated. It has been found that boron incorporation into AlAs could be enhanced and the optimal growth temperature range of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys changed from 580 °C to 610 °C when SiC-coated graphite susceptors were replaced by the non-coated ones. In this study, the maximum boron composition x of 2.8% was achieved for the pseudomorphically strained B_xAl_1−xAs alloys. AFM measurements show that RMS roughness of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys increased sharply with the increase of gas-phase boron mole fraction. Raman spectra of B_xAl_1−xAs alloys show a linear increase of the BAs shift with boron composition x. Based on BAlAs deposition, bulk B_xAl_1−x−yIn_yAs (x = 1.9%) quaternary alloy was grown lattice-matched to GaAs successfully. Moreover, 10-period BAlAs/GaAs and BAlInAs/GaAs MQW heterostructures were also demonstrated.     

High strength and good ductility of casting Al-Cu alloy modified by PrxOy and LaxOy

A modified Al-Cu alloy with high tensile strength and ductility of about 574.0 MPa and 10.4%, respectively, was obtained by adding multiple rare earth oxides (Pr_xO_y and La_xO_y) as modifier. Compared with the unmodified Al-Cu alloy, the tensile strength and ductility of the modified sample were increased by 24.3% and 42.5%, respectively. The improvement both in the strength and ductility may attribute to the finer crystal grains and dendrites, more homogeneously distributed θ′ phase precipitates and the intermetallic compounds formed at the crystal grain boundaries as well as in the space of the dendrites.     

生物医用NiTi形状记忆合金腐蚀研究进展

镍钛形状记忆合金(NiTi-SMA)具有较好的耐腐蚀和机械性能,在口腔和临床医学中有着大量而广泛的应用。NiTi-SMA腐蚀后释放Ni²⁺会引发细胞毒性和过敏反应,进一步提高NiTi-SMA的耐蚀性是目前生物医学材料领域发展的核心之一。本文对近年来国内外有关口腔医学和临床医学中常用NiTi-SMA的腐蚀研究现状进行了总结,同时也对NiTi-SMA增材制造及表面改性技术进行了评述,以期为开发高性能抗腐蚀生物医用NiTi-SMA提供一定的指导意义。     

CAD／CAE／CAM／PDM应用分析

分析了CAD／CAE／CAMP／PDM的作用和关系,介绍了常用CAD／CAE／CAMPDM软件及选型方法,为企业建立和应用CAD／CAE／CAM／PDM提供了依据。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of superconductors Ba1−xKxBiO3 and double perovskites Ba1−xKxBi1−yNayO3

Superconductors Ba_1−xK_xBiO₃ and body-centered double perovskites Ba_1−xK_xBi_1−yNa_yO₃ have been selectively synthesized by a facile hydrothermal route. The appropriate ratio and adding sequence of initial reagents, alkalinity, reaction temperature and time are the critical factors that influence the crystal growth of the compounds. The purity and homogeneity of the crystals were detected by the ICP, SEM, EDX and TEM studies. Magnetic measurements show that the superconducting transition temperatures T_C of Ba_1−xK_xBiO₃ decrease from 22 K (for x = 0.35) to 8 K (for x = 0.55) with increasing the K doping level.     

Li掺杂Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li(1/7-x))O3高熵陶瓷的制备及介电性能研究

近年来,在高熵合金基础上发展起来的高熵陶瓷逐渐引起了研究者的广泛关注,其出现为开发高性能的无机非金属材料提供了新的设计思路。本文采用固相法制备了BaMO3基钙钛矿型高熵陶瓷Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li(1/7-x))O3 (x = 0, 2.3%, 5.3%, 8.3%, 11.3%),并研究了Li含量对高熵陶瓷物相结构、微观形貌及介电性能的影响。结果表明,Li含量对陶瓷结构的影响不大,陶瓷均保持立方钙钛矿结构,且无杂相产生;陶瓷的晶粒尺寸相对较均匀。当x = 0时,即B位七元等摩尔比Ba(Ti1/7Sn1/7Zr1/7Hf1/7Nb1/7Ga1/7Li1/7)O3高熵陶瓷,其介电常数达到了最大值2920 (@100 Hz),相较于已报道的不掺Li的六元高熵钙钛矿陶瓷Ba(Ti1/6Sn1/6Zr1/6Hf1/6Nb1/6Ga1/6)O3提升了近50倍。     

铸造CAD／CAE／ES／PDM／ERP一体化及集成技术研究

详细阐述了支持铸造工艺设计、工艺优化、工艺信息管理、企业管理的系统研究与应用特点,在此基础上提出了基于PDM平台的铸造CAD／CAE／ES／PDM／ERP一体化框架体系,在华铸实验室现有软件体系（华铸CAE／CAD／PDM／ERP）及应用的基础上,设计与实现了一体化系统关键点及其集成技术。最后,以若干实际案例来证明本研究一体化系统的实用性。     

Thermoelectric properties of Sn1−x−yTiySbxO2 ceramics

Thermoelectric properties of Sn_1−x−yTi_y Sb_xO₂ ceramics were investigated in detail. The addition of Sb into SnO₂ matrix increased the electric conductivity, σ. The increase in the σ value should be caused by the increase in the carrier concentration. The Seebeck coefficients of all the samples were negative, which means that these samples have n-type conduction. The samples of this study have porous structure. The maximum Z value of all the samples measured in this study was 2.4 × 10⁻⁵ K⁻¹.