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通过化学还原法制备了非晶态Ni-B合金催化剂,考察了催化剂在苯丙酮酸胺化加氢制备苯丙氨酸反应中的活性寿命。结果表明,非晶态Ni-B合金催化剂表现出比传统催化剂如雷尼镍和漆原镍等更为优异的活性与寿命。Ni-B合金催化剂经过简单的过滤回收步骤,重复使用5次后,催化活性没有明显大幅度下降,而雷尼镍和漆原镍分别循环使用3次和2次后,催化活性显著降低。结合XRD、DSC和TEM等手段,针对新鲜和使用回收后的催化剂进行了表征,发现非晶态结构在苯丙酮酸加氢反应环境中没有出现明显晶化现象,而小尺寸纳米颗粒的团聚和部分镍的氧化可能是导致催化剂活性降低的主要原因 相似文献
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针对目前硝基苯、二硝基甲苯催化加氢生产苯胺、甲苯二胺工艺存在的安全隐患和催化剂金属原子利用率低等问题,基于原子尺度金属催化剂和液相有机氢载体构建具有本质安全、环境友好及贵金属减量化等特征的硝基苯、二硝基甲苯催化加氢反应体系。介绍了不锈钢基单原子铂金属催化剂制备方法及在硝基苯加氢反应中的应用,异丙醇为氢源的二硝基甲苯加氢-异丙醇脱氢耦合液相反应催化剂及合成甲苯二胺反应性能,活性金属烧结膜反应器及液相微连续流催化加氢合成苯胺、甲苯二胺反应性能,以及锆基材质上纳米管(坑)阵列铂催化剂制备及合成甲苯二胺反应性能等方面的研究结果;为苯胺、甲苯二胺的绿色安全生产提供了基础。 相似文献
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硝基苯液相催化加氢制苯胺催化剂研究进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
介绍了苯胺生产中硝基苯液相催化加氢制苯胺工艺,着重介绍了液相加氢催化剂体系中的镍系催化剂和贵金属催化剂的研究进展。液相催化加氢多采用贵金属催化剂和高活性、制备工艺复杂的催化剂,生产成本较高,开发价廉、高效并能满足绿色化工要求的新型催化剂是今后工作的重点。 相似文献
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本文选用Ru/C、Ru/Al2O3、Pd/C、Pd/Al2O3、Pt/C、雷尼镍等催化剂用于糠醇加氢的釜式反应研究。研究发现,Ru/C催化剂在糠醇加氢制备四氢糠醇的反应中具有良好的反应性能。研究了在Ru/C催化剂作用下溶剂、反应温度、氢气压力、反应时间、催化剂的用量等因素对反应的影响,并对工艺条件进行了优化。得到最佳工艺条件:异丙醇作溶剂,反应温度为60℃、氢气压力为3 MPa、反应时间为6 h,原料与催化剂的质量比为20:1,糠醇的转化率达到100%,四氢糠醇的选择性大于95%。 相似文献
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Mo改性雷尼镍对2,4-二氟硝基苯液相催化加氢的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
考察了多种普通商用雷尼镍催化剂在2,4-二氟硝基苯液相催化加氢反应的催化性能,研究了Mo改性后的影响。结果表明,雷尼镍催化剂的催化性能与其颗粒尺寸有紧密的联系,颗粒尺寸越小则单位质量催化剂的加氢活性位越多,其2,4-二氟硝基苯液相催化加氢性能(活性和选择性)相应越好,同时反应过程中存在Ni-Al骨架破损引起活性组分Ni流失而造成催化剂失活的现象;经Mo改性后,2,4-二氟硝基苯液相催化加氢反应中的催化活性和稳定性均有明显提高。H2-TPD、XPS等表征实验表明,Mo改性后雷尼镍催化剂活性的提高与其对氢的解离吸附能力增强有关,Mo的添加同时稳定了Ni-Al合金骨架,提高了催化剂的稳定性。 相似文献
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《Catalysis communications》2007,8(3):571-575
A Pd–B/γ-Al2O3 amorphous alloy catalyst was prepared by impregnation and chemical reduction with borohydrine aqueous solution. Crystallized Pd–B/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were obtained by thermal treatment of the prepared amorphous catalyst at elevated temperatures. For comparison, a conventional H2-reduced Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was also prepared. The catalysts were characterized by ICP, XRD, SEM, TEM, DSC and TPD, and were used for the hydrogenation of tricyclopentadiene. All the catalysts demonstrated similar activities for partial hydrogenation of tricyclopentadiene to dihydrotricyclopentadiene. However, the amorphous alloy catalyst showed significantly higher activity for the further hydrogenation of dihydrotricyclopentadiene to the final product tetrahydrotricyclopentadiene. 相似文献
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Suenghoon Han Gyu-Sik Chae Jae Sung Lee 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2016,33(6):1799-1804
Carbon-supported Pd and PdCo (1: 2, 1: 1, 2: 1 and 3: 1) catalysts were synthesized by chemical reduction with NaBH4. Their electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and CO stripping voltammetry in alkaline electrolytes, and compared with commercial Pt/C and PtRu(1: 1)/C catalysts. In electrochemical oxidation of ethanol in an alkaline electrolyte, marked improvements in the current density and onset potential were observed by incorporating Co into Pd/C to form PdCo/C alloy electrocatalysts. The best catalyst PdCo (1: 1)/C showed performance superior to the commercial Pt/C or PtRu/C catalysts. It is shown that the incorporated Co facilitates the oxidation of strongly-adsorbed carbonaceous intermediate species on the surface of Pd by forming OH? group and reacts away the intermediates from Pd surface. Thus, PdCo(1: 1)/C catalyst is a promising anode catalyst for direct ethanol fuel cells with alkaline electrolytes. 相似文献
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Natthida Numwong Apanee Luengnaruemitchai Nuwong Chollacoop Yuji Yoshimura 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2013,90(9):1431-1438
Supported SiO2 catalysts were studied for the partial hydrogenation of rapeseed oil-derived fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for improving its oxidative stability. The effect of metal type: Pt, Pd, and Ni, on catalytic activity and cis–trans selectivity was investigated. Hydrogenation activity was studied in terms of turn over frequency (TOF) of C18:3, C18:2, C18:1, and C18:0 FAME. The highest TOF of C18:3, C18:2, and C18:1 was found for Pd catalyst. However, C18:0 TOF of Pt is higher than that of the Pd catalyst. The higher in C18:0 TOF can explain the low selectivity towards trans-monounsaturated FAME of the Pt catalyst, which is due to the subsequent hydrogenation of the intermediate trans-monounsaturated to saturated FAME. On the other hand, Ni showed the lowest TOFs when compared with the Pt and Pd catalysts. 相似文献
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采用化学还原法,以Ni(Ac)2.4H2O和NH4Mo9O24.4H2O为原料,KBH4为还原剂,制备了Ni-Mo-B非晶态合金催化剂。以硝基苯加氢为探针反应,考察了制备条件对Ni-Mo-B催化剂的结构和性能以及反应温度、压力与催化剂用量等反应条件对催化加氢性能的影响。研究结果表明,适当添加Mo可以提高Ni-B催化剂活性。当Mo掺杂量为Ni质量的5%时,Ni-Mo-B催化剂活性最佳。Mo主要以MoO3的形式存在,MoO3的分散作用可防止Ni-B合金粒子的团聚,提高了催化剂比表面积,稳定了Ni-Mo-B催化剂的非晶态结构。 相似文献
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非晶态Pd-B/Al2O3催化剂用于邻氯硝基苯加氢合成邻氯苯胺的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用化学还原法制得了Pd-B/Al2O3非晶态催化剂,并用于邻氯硝基苯液相加氢反应的研究.采用XRD、SEM、SAED等技术手段对催化剂进行了表征,表明Pd-B以超细颗粒的形式分散在载体上,并且明确了催化剂的非晶态性质、结构形态等.以邻氯硝基苯液相加氢为目标反应,对所制备催化剂的催化性能进行系统评价.在反应温度90℃、氢气压力1.0MPa的反应条件下,邻氯硝基苯的转化率达99.9%,邻氯苯胺的选择性达98.0%;在不加脱卤抑制剂的情况下,脱卤率小于2%,表明负载Pd系非晶态催化剂具有较好的邻氯硝基苯加氢活性及良好的选择性,优于Pd基晶态催化剂和Ni基晶态催化剂.从催化剂的微观结构、金属-载体相互作用、活性组分在载体表面的几何效应和电子效应等方面对非晶态催化剂响影响邻氯硝基苯加氢性能进行了讨论和解释. 相似文献