大型循环流化床锅炉一次风机的设计及分析

通过对大型循环流化床(CFB)锅炉一次风机结构、材质及特点等的研究,确定了CFB锅炉一次风机的设计方案,并进行了一系列的设计与分析计算。现场应用表明,该风机的设计是可行的。     

国外水泥窑余热联合自备电站的应用

0前言 本文介绍了巴基斯坦阿托克水泥有限公司4 000 t/d生产线配套建设一座带CFB锅炉的15 MW余热联合自备电站的设计与应用效果,该项目采用"三炉一机"配置,即两台烟气余热锅炉加一台循环流化床锅炉(CFB锅炉),配置一套中温中压汽轮发电机组.     

神华某煤化工项目热电站单元装置(3×150MW机组)烟气脱硫方案选择的探讨

本文介绍了某新建煤化工项目自备电站中3×480t/h煤粉锅炉烟气脱硫方案选择情况,对目前煤粉锅炉的烟气脱硫技术进行了介绍,重点对石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺及CFB干法烟气脱硫工艺方案进行了技术经济比较。对项目烟气脱硫方案选择进行了分析探讨。     

CFB锅炉一次风机变频器在线无扰动互切

本文主要介绍西门子高压变频器在只配备一台一次风机的循环流化床(CFB)锅炉上的成功应用案例,通过自主设计的变频器切换顺控方案,将工频切变频时间从13S降至4S左右,实现了CFB锅炉正常运行情况下的一次风机变频器工频、变频在线无扰动互相切换功能。     

筹建大型循环流化床锅炉需注意的技术问题

0前言 现在建设的大型循环流化床（CFB）锅炉及系统存在许多问题，这些问题大多来自大型CFB锅炉的设计、制造、安装及电站系统设计和筹建方决策等方面。根据近几年筹建工作及调研掌握的资料，就筹建大型CFB锅炉需注意的技术问题谈些看法，这些问题大多可以在电站筹建时加以注意并解决，最终减少企业对CFB锅炉的投资及运行风险。     

循环流化床锅炉浅床运行技术及大型化分析研究

对小容量循环流化床（CFB）锅炉浅床运行技术进行了分析总结,浅床运行方式适合于燃用褐煤及高挥发分烟煤的CFB锅炉,可降低一次风机压头和风机电耗。对于中等容量CFB锅炉,浅床运行可能会导致密相区结焦及燃烧效率降低等问题,为降低飞灰及底渣可燃物含量,需要维持足够的床层高度或风室压力。对浅床运行模式的大型化问题进行了技术分析。     

循环流化床锅炉热效率在线计算与影响因素分析

提出一种基于正平衡方法的热效率在线计算方法:通过在线采集锅炉运行中主蒸汽、给水、一二次风等锅炉运行参数,计算锅炉有效利用能量和输入能量,实现热效率的在线计算;采用福建某135 t/h工业CFB锅炉发电机组现场数据进行仿真计算,仿真结果验证了算法的有效性.在此基础上采用正交试验设计方法分析影响CFB锅炉热效率的影响因素;由于工业现场采样的操作数据难以得到各个因素不同水平下的热效率的对应值,故首先采用工业数据和热效率计算数据建立基于LM-BP算法的人工神经网络热效率预测模型.根据模型预测数据设计正交试验,结果表明对于该锅炉风煤比、主汽压力和炉床温度对该锅炉热效率的影响最大.最后进行工业调优试验,试验结果验证了分析结果并初步实现了锅炉热效率的在线优化.     

超临界机组锅炉风机降音治理

某厂2×350 MW燃煤机组是上海汽轮机厂和上海锅炉厂联合生产的C159系列超临界第一台、二台供热机组。机组2013年底投产以来,锅炉送风机、一次风机噪音严重超标,结合锅炉送风机、一次风机系统组成及结构特点,引用新型的降噪音材料,对锅炉送风机、一次风机系统进行降噪处理,效果显著,可为其他同类型机组相关降噪音提供借鉴。     

循环流化床燃烧技术在煤矿坑口电厂的应用

介绍了循环流化床（CFB）电站锅炉这一新型清洁煤燃料技术以及在国内外发展应用的情况，并探讨了CFB锅炉在煤矿坑口电厂应用的技术可行性和发展前景。     

过程控制技术在130t/h循环流化床锅炉的应用研究

0前言目前,河南心连心化肥有限公司(以下简称心连心公司)130t/h循环流化床锅炉(CFB锅炉)主要原料是烟煤,通过控制锅炉的主蒸汽温度以及压力来稳定生产负荷并满足汽轮机及后工序(尿素、变换等工序)对蒸汽的需求;同时,不断调整给煤机、引风机、一次风机、二次风机、冷渣机     

Designing of primary air nozzles for large-scale CFB boilers in a combined numerical-experimental approach

The article presents a numerical-experimental approach for designing the primary air nozzles working with a large-scale Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler. An analysis of the criteria that must be satisfied by CFB air grids has been made and it has been demonstrated that the existing correlations which are used in designing air grids are not possible to be utilized for determining the optimal nozzle design. On the example of a prototype nozzle design, based on the proposed design algorithm, the results of both numerical simulations and laboratory tests, whose aim was to determine the optimal geometry of a nozzle operating with a 235 MW_e asymmetric-design CFB boiler, are presented.     

Evaluation of the performance of a commercial circulating fluidized bed boiler by using IEA-CFBC model: Effect of primary to secondary air ratio

The performance of a commercial circulating fluidized bed boiler in the Yeosu thermal power plant, which has been operating since October 2011 by KOSEP, has been evaluated by using the IEA-CFBC model. To validate the calculation procedure of the model, the calculated results were compared with the operation values such as the temperatures, pressures, emissions of SO₂ and NO, particles size distribution and unburned carbon fraction of the CFB boiler at a certain actual condition. The calculated results were comparable to measured values from the CFB boiler, so these could conform to acceptable formats with a good accuracy. The effect of the primary to secondary air ratio on the performance of the CFB boiler was also determined. As the primary air ratio increased, the solid fraction and temperature in the furnace freeboard increased. As a result, the solid circulation rate and the heat absorption in the furnace increased with increasing the PA ratio. In the case of the amount of heat absorption, the wall tube of the furnace absorbed much more generation heat in the furnace than the wing wall tube. The SO₂ emission decreased due to increase of the limestone hold up in the furnace, and the combustion efficiency somewhat increased with increasing the PA ratio. Therefore, from these results, we could expect to control the boiler performance such as the furnace temperature, steam temperatures of superheater or reheater, gaseous emissions and combustion efficiency through the changing the PA ratio of the CFB boiler.     

Unburned carbon fraction with operation variables in a commercial circulating fluidized bed boiler during co-combustion of various anthracites

Reduction of unburned carbon fraction in exhaust during co-combustion of various coals in a circulating fluidized bed boiler (CFB) is required to save energy loss and to optimize coal utilization as well as to improve the boiler efficiency. In this study, the effects of operation variables such as coal, air and heat flow rates, co-combustion ratio of each coal, primary to secondary air ratio on unburned carbon fraction were analyzed and evaluated in two units of 200 MWe circulating fluidized bed boiler in the Tonghae thermal power plant. From the results, the comprehensive correlation among unburned carbon fraction and operation variables in #1 and #2 units of the CFB boiler could be derived with a good agreement. This would be expected to give a good guideline to reduce the unburned carbon content in exhaust in the CFB boiler.     

Air Distributor Pressure Drop Analysis in a Circulating Fluidized-Bed Boiler for Non-reference Operating Conditions

The air distributor plays a key role in circulating fluidized-bed (CFB) boilers providing an even gas distribution in the cross section of the furnace. In most cases, this task under real conditions is very difficult to implement due to the destruction of the tuyeres. For this reason, the air distributors of many CFB boilers operate under conditions deviating from the design recommendations, which has a direct impact on the hydrodynamics of the fluidized bed and heat transfer conditions. This work reports studies on the performance of a tuyere-type air distributor utilized in a CFB boiler and working under non-reference operating conditions. Based on the results of simulation calculations, practical equations for a distributor pressure drop calculation have been derived taking into account a different degree of tuyere destruction.     

降低循环流化床锅炉飞灰含碳量的因素分析

循环流化床锅炉的飞灰含碳量是锅炉燃烧工况好坏的直接反映 ,其对锅炉的热效率的影响是很大的 ,它还直接影响着粉煤灰的综合开发和利用 .在对云天化循环流化床锅炉的生产实验研究中 ,分析了影响循环流化床锅炉飞灰含碳量的各种因素 (床温、煤质煤粒、一次风、二次风、床压和旋风分离器效率等 ) ,通过实验研究找到了降低循环流化床锅炉飞灰含碳量的具体而又行之有效的操作方法 ,以指导实际生产 .     

空气射流在密相实料层中的射流特性试验研究

循环流化床(CFB)布风板的风帽结构设计及其布置方式与风帽出口小孔空气射流在密相区的射流特性密切相关.在一可视化冷态试验台上,采用真实CFB锅炉床料,对不同直径的小孔在密相实料层中的空气射流特性进行了试验研究.提出并验证了小孔空气射流在密相实料层中的射程的定义.试验结果表明:小孔空气射流射程随射流初速和小孔直径的增大而...     

Study on design of Huadian oil shale-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler

On the basis of the physical and chemical performance of Huadian oil shale and the design experience of Huadian 65 t/h oil shale-fired circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler operation, this paper introduces several main characteristics of oil shale, such as platy structure, high volatile and Ca/S content, and low ignition temperature, which are relevant to the design of CFB boiler, and analyses key design technologies of large-scale oil shale-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler. The design principles of large-scale oil shale-fired CFB boiler are suggested: (1) to adopt a II-shape configuration natural circulation mode with medium-temperature cyclone with downward gas exhaust, reliable antiwear technology and self-desulfurization technology; (2) to determine a circulating ratio of 6, hot state superficial air velocity of 5–6 m/s, combustion portion of about 0.5–0.6 in dense phase zone, and air velocity at the nozzle hole of air cap of 50–60 m/s; (3) to adopt an igniting system with hot gas generator below distributor plate and oil guns as auxiliary ignition device above distributor plate, and fluidized bed ash cooler retrieving the heat taken by hot slag. Lastly, the design scheme of 420 t/h superhigh pressure oil shale-fired CFB boiler is put forward and the general configuration and technical data are given at the end of this paper.     

CFB锅炉原煤仓防治堵煤办法研究

鉴于CFB锅炉原煤仓堵煤是普遍存在的问题,为了给CFB锅炉原煤仓的设计和改造提供有益参考,研究了国内常见的几种防治堵煤方式,包括双曲线煤斗、敷设光滑衬板、机械疏通和空气炮等,并详细分析了其适用工况及优缺点,提出了防治CFB锅炉原煤仓堵煤应因地制宜,以期采取最优化的方案。     

Simulation of the 200 MWe tonghae thermal power plant circulating fluidized bed combustor by using IEA-CFBC model

The 200 MWe Tonghae thermal power plant CFB boiler (2-units) is the largest boiler to fire a Korean anthracite coal for generation of electric power. The #1 unit CFB has been operated commercially since October 1998, and the #2 unit CFB, which will begin commercial operation in October 1999, is currently under construction. However, there is little operational data of the large CFB combustor firing anthracite coal, so it is necessary to predict the performance of the CFB combustor with variation of the operation conditions. Therefore, in this study, the simulation of the Tonghae CFB has been carried out to predict the performance with various nominal rates, coal particle size distribution and operating conditions. The simulation results with various loads could be fitted well to the design values at the given operation conditions. At the various operation conditions, the simulation results could explain the performance of the Tonghae CFBC well.