基于稀疏贝叶斯学习的MIMO-OFDM电力线通信系统接收机设计

丰富的脉冲噪声干扰对基于MIMO-OFDM技术的电力线通信系统接收机设计带来了巨大挑战。针对这个问题,提出了一种联合估计电力线信道和脉冲噪声的接收机设计方案。该方案主要利用电力信道多径模型参数在频域上的稀疏性和脉冲噪声在时域上的稀疏性特征,将待估计信道模型参数和脉冲噪声联合视作一个稀疏向量,同时利用MIMO系统的空间相关性,构建了一个基于多测量向量的压缩感知模型,并引入多测量向量稀疏贝叶斯学习理论,设计了一种联合估计MIMO信道模型参数和脉冲噪声的方法。仿真结果表明,与传统的MIMO信道估计与脉冲噪声抑制相互分离的接收机方案相比,新方法在估计性能和误比特率性能上有明显提升。     

联合LDPC解码的宽带电力线信道噪声抑制迭代方法

宽带低压电力线信道的噪声干扰很强,严重影响通信系统性能。本文提出一种联合LDPC解码的宽带电力线信道噪声抑制迭代方法。该方法利用LDPC解码与迭代噪声抑制相互促进的特点,在传统迭代噪声抑制算法基础上,通过增加LDPC解码器来对接收端均衡后的信号进行解码,以抑制信号中的干扰噪声,提高迭代过程中噪声估计的准确性,改善噪声抑制性能。本文方法的迭代收敛较快,噪声抑制性能好。仿真实验验证了本文方法的有效性。      

MIMO-OFDM技术

多进多出(MIMO)系统在发射端和接收端分别设置多副发射天线和接收天线,采用MIMO技术可以提高信道容量和信道可靠性,降低误码率。正交频分复用(OFDM)是一种特殊的多载波传输方案,各子载波在整个符号周期上正交,各子载波信号频谱可以互相重叠,子载波正交复用技术大大减少了保护带宽,提高了频带利用率。MIMO-OFDM技术是OFDM与MIMO技术结合形成的一种新技术,该技术是在OFDM传输系统中采用阵列天线实现空间分集,提高了信号质量。MIMO-OFDM技术将成为下一代移动通信核心技术的解决方案。文中全面介绍了MIMO技术和OFDM技术及两者的结合,分析了实现MIMO-OFDM技术的关键,展望了发展前景。     

A road to future broadband wireless access: MIMO-OFDM-Based air interface

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing is a popular method for high-data-rate wireless transmission. OFDM may be combined with multiple antennas at both the access point and mobile terminal to increase diversity gain and/or enhance system capacity on a time-varying multipath fading channel, resulting in a multiple-input multiple-output OFDM system. In this article we give a brief technical overview of MIMO-OFDM system design. We focus on various research topics for the MIMO-OFDM-based air interface, including spatial channel modeling, MIMO-OFDM transceiver design, MIMO-OFDM channel estimation, space-time techniques for MIMO-OFDM, and error correction code. The corresponding link-level simulation results are encouraging, and show that MIMO-OFDM is a promising road to future broadband wireless access.     

低压电力线载波通信结合滤波器设计

低压电力线作为载波通信信道时,其通信特性并不理想,各种负载、用电设备及外界都将引起大量的噪声,给电力线载波通信带来了严重的干扰问题,从而影响电力线通信系统的性能。为了保证载波通信信号和数据的有效传输,通过电路分析并设计一种低压电力线载波通信结合滤波器,经仿真与实验该滤波器能有效过滤低压电力线载波通信信道中的各种干扰信号,从而达到了保证载波通信信号和数据的有效传输的作用。     

An MIMO-OFDM technique for high-speed mobile channels

In this letter, a new orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) technique for multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) channels is proposed to reduce interchannel interference (ICI) caused by high-speed mobiles in cellular environments. After analyzing the ICI caused by high-speed mobile channels using a simple curve fitting technique, the weighting factor for group transmission is optimized. Then, a new MIMO-OFDM technique, based on the weighting factor optimization, is proposed for reducing ICI caused by time-varying channels. Performances of the proposed technique are verified by using the I-METRA channel, proposed for an MIMO channel to 3GPP, and a MIMO-OFDM simulator designed for macrocellular mobile communication. It is shown by computer simulation that the proposed MIMO-OFDM technique is effective in reducing ICI and noise as well as in obtaining diversity gain even under highly-correlated fast fading channels, compared with the conventional MIMO-OFDM schemes.     

MIMO—OFDM低延迟信道估计改进算法

为了克服多输入多输出正交频分复用（MIMO—OFDM）移动系统中采用空间复用技术的下行链路性能出现衰退现象,提出一种信道估计改进算法。它根据信道状态并通过一个决策指导方案为4×4 MIMO系统提供大约4bit／s／Hz的数据。通过使用LDPC短码,在LDPC译码器输出端采用MIMO—OFDM符号重建方法,达到提高估计精度的目的。在3GPP MIMO空间信道模型下进行了仿真验证,结果表明指定速率下的估计精度得到改善。     

A phase noise mitigation scheme for MIMO WLANs with spatially correlated and imperfectly estimated channels

Applying multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technique to OFDM-based wireless local area networks (WLANs) promises impressive high capacity and spectral efficiency compared with conventional systems. However, similar to SISO-OFDM, MIMO-OFDM suffers significant performance degradation due to the presence of phase noise. Many methods have been developed to mitigate phase noise for a single antenna system with perfect channel estimation, whereas none has been proposed for correlated MIMO-OFDM scenarios. Therefore, in this letter, by using the phase noise correlation function, a new phase noise mitigation scheme is proposed for the general M/sub T//spl times/M/sub R/ MIMO WLANs system with channel estimation errors. Numerical results show that, compared with conventional approaches, the proposed scheme achieves significant performance gain with high spectral efficiency, requiring few pilots, and is robust to spatial correlation and channel estimation errors, which makes it very attractive for practical applications.     

MIMO-OFDM系统定时同步算法

应用MIMO—OFDM无线通信系统的空间信号资源，提出了基于单个前导符号的MIMO--OFDM系统帧定时和符号定时同步的分集算法，以克服高速无线多径信道中深衰落对MIMO—OFDM系统定时同步性能的影响，给出了具体的帧定时、符号定时同步的分集算法以及在高速无线多径信道COST207模型下帧定时和符号定时同步的仿真结果。     

Joint channel estimation and turbo equalisation for MIMO-OFDM-IM systems

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communications are frequently employed to improve the transmitted data rate and the link quality. Index modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM-IM) improves the error rate performance and the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) compared with those of the conventional OFDM system due to the activation of partial subcarriers. The MIMO OFDM-IM can transmit additional information bits via the indices of active subcarriers. Also, in order to reduce the transmission power of the OFDM system, the MIMO OFDM-IM scheme can be employed to approach the demanded data transmission rate and the error rate performance. Multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing index modulation (MIMO-OFDM-IM) is an effective multicarrier transmission scheme and can be proposed as an alternative to conventional MIMO-OFDM system. In this scheme, OFDM-IM is combined with MIMO transmission to take the benefits of these two techniques. In this paper, we propose a joint channel estimation and turbo equalisation receiver for MIMO-OFDM-IM system. Some simulation examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed receiver.     

EM‐based iterative receiver for coded MIMO systems in unknown spatially correlated noise

We present iterative channel estimation and decoding schemes for multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) Rayleigh block fading channels in spatially correlated noise. An expectation‐maximization (EM) algorithm is utilized to find the maximum likelihood (ML) estimates of the channel and spatial noise covariance matrices, and to compute soft information of coded symbols which is sent to an error‐control decoder. The extrinsic information produced by the decoder is then used to refine channel estimation. Several iterations are performed between the above channel estimation and decoding steps. We derive modified Cramer–Rao Bound (MCRB) for the unknown channel and noise parameters, and show that the proposed EM‐based channel estimation scheme achieves the MCRB at medium and high SNRs. For a bit error rate of 10⁻⁶ and long frame length, there is negligible performance difference between the proposed scheme and the ideal coherent detector that utilizes the true channel and noise covariance matrices. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance Evaluation of Adaptive MIMO-OFDM Systems with Limited Feedback Using Measurement Based Channel Models

Performance evaluation of enhanced link adaptation method for MIMO-OFDM systems with limited feedback using measurement based channels and a stochastic channel model is presented in this paper. In particular, impact of practical channel estimation and feedback errors on link performance is analyzed. An adaptive spatial and modulation scheme selection process is based on the effective signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (ESINR). Mutual information effective SINR mapping method is applied for calculating ESINR values due to its capability of accurate estimation of the error rate performance of large variety of MIMO channels. Numerical results show that simple adaptive systems that switch between diversity/multiplexing or beamforming/multiplexing schemes obtain relatively good performance in realistic 2 × 2 MIMO channels. It is also shown that the imperfect channel estimation and feedback errors can have significant impact on the link performance. Furthermore, it is noticed that using the stochastic channel model in performance simulations can give rather pessimistic results compared to true measurement data.     

Robust and Improved Channel Estimation Algorithm for MIMO-OFDM Systems

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique has become a promising method for reliable high data-rate wireless transmission system in which the channel is dispersive in both time and frequency domains. Due to multiple cochannel interferences in a MIMO system, the accuracy of channel estimation is a vital factor for proper receiver design in order to realize the full potential performance of the MIMO-OFDM system. A robust and improved channel estimation algorithm is proposed in this paper for MIMO-OFDM systems based on the least squares (LS) algorithm. The proposed algorithm, called improved LS (ILS), employs the noise correlation in order to reduce the variance of the LS estimation error by estimating and suppressing the noise in signal subspace. The performance of the ILS channel estimation algorithm is robust to the number of antennas in transmit and receive sides. The new algorithm attains a significant improvement in performance in comparison with that of the regular LS estimator. Also, with respect to mean square error criterion and without using channel statistics, the ILS algorithm achieves a performance very close to that of the minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimator in terms of the parameters used in practical MIMO-OFDM systems. A modification of the ILS algorithm, called modified ILS (MILS), is proposed based on using the second order statistical parameters of channel. Analytically, it is shown that the MILS estimator achieves the exact performance of the MMSE estimator. Due to no specific data sequences being required to perform the estimation, in addition to the training mode, the proposed channel estimation algorithms can also be extended and used in the tracking mode with decision-aided method.     

基于OFDM技术的电力线通信系统的相位噪声估计与补偿

OFDM电力线通信系统对相位噪声非常敏感。由于电力线信道噪声大、衰减强,OFDM信号通过后发生严重失真,基于导频的公共相位误差估计效果变差。提出一种更可靠的相位噪声估计和补偿算法,能够更准确地估计公共相位误差。仿真表明该方法能够有效地抑制相位噪声。     

Efficient detectors for MIMO-OFDM systems under spatial correlation antenna arrays

This work analyzes the performance of implementable detectors for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique under specific and realistic operation system conditions, including antenna correlation and array configuration. A time-domain channel model was used to evaluate the system performance under realistic communication channel and system scenarios, including different channel correlation, modulation order, and antenna array configurations. Several MIMO-OFDM detectors were analyzed for the purpose of achieving high performance combined with high capacity systems and manageable computational complexity. Numerical Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate the channel selectivity effect, while the impact of the number of antennas, adoption of linear against heuristic-based detection schemes, and the spatial correlation effect under linear and planar antenna arrays are analyzed in the MIMO-OFDM context.     

MIMO-OFDM系统信道估计算法研究

正交频分复用(OFDM)技术能有效克服多径带来的不利影响,提高频谱利用率;多输入多输出(MI-MO)技术,可以在不增加系统带宽和发射功率的前提下,成倍提高系统容量和带宽利用率。将两者结合的MIMO-OFDM系统是近年来的研究热点,信道估计在提高该系统性能方面发挥着重要作用。基于此,主要介绍MIMO-OFDM系统结构,在此基础上介绍基于导频的信道估计、半盲信道估计和盲信道估计。     

MIMO-OFDM接力通信系统的最优功率分配

针对两跳多入多出-正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)接力通信系统进行研究,每一跳传输采用奇异值分解将多载波上的MIMO信道转化为多个独立子通道,并提出最大化系统容量的最优功率分配问题,其中源节点和中继节点能够在多个子通道上进行联合功率分配;继而采用拉格朗日算法提出最优功率分配算法.由于最优算法涉及一元四次方程组,目前的数学方法不能提供其通解的闭合表达式,因此提出采用迭代过程实现最优功率分配的方法,为MIMO-OFDM接力系统提供了系统容量的上限.数值仿真结果显示,最优功率分配算法能大大提升系统容量,增强系统的传输能力.     

A hybrid relay control mechanism for ribbon topology in low‐voltage power line communication networks

The communication reliability and distance of the low‐voltage power line communication system are seriously affected by the channel interference and the time variant load impedance. Therefore, how to control the relay nodes to reduce the communication delay and improve the communication reliability is mainly considered in the design. A novel hybrid relay control mechanism (HRCM) that includes the static relay pre‐configuration and the dynamic relay selection is designed for the ribbon topology in the low‐voltage power line communication networks. In the ribbon topology, the initial configuration for the communication link is realized through the pre‐configure relay nodes, which guarantees that the concentrator can communicate with the furthest terminal node. During the normal operations, the dynamic relay node is selected according to the sequence number of the uplink or downlink data frame and the data discard strategy. With the relay node dynamical selected mechanism, the frame repeated transmission can be avoided and the communication delay is reduced. The actual test results show that the hybrid relay control mechanism can effectively extend the communication distance, improve the communication real‐time and the reliability of the low‐voltage power line communication. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于HARQ的水声信道链路自适应技术

水声信道的多径扩展严重、环境噪声高、带宽受限、传输时延大等特点,极大地制约了水声通信系统的可靠性和有效性.链路自适应（LA）和混合自动重传（HARQ）常用来改善无线链路的可靠性和有效性,但是它们在水声环境中的性能与影响尚不明确.因此,文中主要研究水声信道中链路自适应和混合自动重传的联合优化.首先分析水声信道中不同的调制编码方式（MCS）的误码率性能.然后通过联合研究LA和HARQ技术在水声信道中的性能,文中提出一种适用于水声信道的联合LA和HARQ技术.     

低压电力线信道噪声特性分析

主要研究了低压电力线信道噪声特性,首先,介绍了电力线通信（PLC）,然后,针对不同种类的噪声进行了建模,测量并分析了电力线信道的噪声特性。通过实验和仿真,得出了低压电力线信道噪声波形及其特点。