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为考察蛋白胨和酵母浸出膏对酵母耐受超高浓度乙醇发酵胁迫条件的影响,以300g/L起始浓度葡萄糖开展实验。结果表明,与对照组(3g/L蛋白胨+5g/L酵母浸出膏作为氮源)相比,单独提高发酵培养基蛋白胨至6g/L或酵母浸出膏至12g/L,均可明显促进菌体生长和葡萄糖利用,终点乙醇体积分数由对照组的13.1%分别提高至14.4%和14.7%。研究表明,在发酵过程中,生长于提高蛋白胨浓度或酵母浸出膏浓度培养基的菌体,其质膜ATP酶活力和胞内海藻糖积累量明显高于对照组,而且发酵参数(如菌体生长、葡萄糖利用和终点乙醇体积分数)的提高与酶活力和海藻糖含量的增加密切相关,提示质膜ATP酶和胞内海藻糖在酵母耐受超高浓度乙醇发酵胁迫条件中的作用。 相似文献
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控制自絮凝酵母高浓度乙醇发酵过程的氧化还原电位(oxidoreduction potential, ORP)能降低环境胁迫对细胞的影响,提高乙醇生产强度和乙醇收率。实验考察了初始糖浓度为200、250、300 g·L-1及ORP控制为-100、-150 mV和不控制的乙醇发酵情况。结果表明控制ORP的发酵过程,生物量和细胞存活率均高于不控制的系统,相应的发酵速度得到了提高,但是乙醇对糖的收率存在最优值。在实验设定初始糖浓度最高的300 g·L-1的发酵过程中,控制ORP为-150 mV时,取得了最大的净乙醇生成量和乙醇对糖的收率。ORP控制改变了絮凝颗粒的粒径分布,运用多元线性拟合,发现ORP对絮凝的影响是正向的。ORP改变了发酵液中生物量及代谢物的浓度而间接影响了细胞的絮凝状况。 相似文献
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An optimal medium (300 g·L-1 initial glucose) comprising 6.3 mmol·L-1 Mg2+, 5.0 mmol·L-1 Ca2+, 15.0 g·L-1 peptone and 21.5 g·L-1 yeast extract was determined by uniform design to improve very high gravity (VHG) ethanol fermentation, showing over 30% increase in final ethanol (from 13.1% to 17.1%, by volume), 29% decrease in fermentation time (from 84 to 60 h), 80% increase in biomass formation and 26% increase in glucose utilization. Experiments also revealed physiological aspects linked to the fermentation enhancements. Compared to the control, trehalose in the cells grown in optimal fermentation medium increased 17.9-, 2.8-, 1.9-, 1.8- and 1.9-fold at the fermentation time of 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 h, respectively. Its sharp rise at the early stage of fermentation when there was a considerable osmotic stress suggested that trehalose played an important role in promoting fermentation. Meanwhile, at the identical five fermentation time, the plasma membrane ATPase activity of the cells grown in optimal medium was 2.3, 1.8, 1.6, 1.5 and 1.3 times that of the control, respectively. Their disparities in enzymatic activity became wider when the glucose levels were dramatically changed for ethanol production, suggesting this enzyme also contributed to the fermentation improvements. Thus, medium optimization for VHG ethanol fermentation was found to trigger the increased yeast trehalose accumulation and plasma membrane ATPase activity. 相似文献
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在人工筛选得到的4株野生乙醇发酵酵母菌株基础上,加入康宁木霉,运用正交实验方法研究了菌群对乙醇发酵的影响.结果表明转速、转速×温度交互作用对菌群生物量形成具有极显著影响;Saccharomyces kluyveri菌及其与Crypcococcusflavescens菌之间的相互作用对生物量形成具有显著影响;Saccharomyces kluyveri菌株对乙醇形成具有显著影响,是乙醇发酵过程中的关键菌,其他因子对乙醇生成量影响不大;菌群直接发酵秸秆水解物,能获得12.19 g/L的乙醇. 相似文献
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采用合成气发酵生产燃料乙醇具有反应条件温和、产物耐受性好、原料来源丰富等优点,是燃料乙醇生产的一种新型工艺。文章综述了国内外合成气厌氧发酵的微生物种类,常见合成气乙醇发酵微生物的生长、代谢特点以及底物利用范围;分析了合成气乙醇发酵的Wood-Ljungdahl代谢途径,以及Wood-Ljungdahl代谢途径中涉及的关键酶类甲酸脱氢酶和CO脱氢酶/乙酰辅酶A合成酶;探讨了过程工艺参数如培养介质、还原剂、pH、气体组成、终产物、培养基和培养方法对合成气发酵的影响;比较了不同反应器在体积传质系数等方面的差异,并重点分析了搅拌罐式反应器和柱式反应器等的反应特点。 同时,对合成气发酵的未来发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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超重力工程技术应用的新进展 总被引:33,自引:0,他引:33
超重力技术是一种突破性的过程强化新技术,在化工、能源、环保、材料、生物化工等工业领域中有广阔的商业化化应用前景。本文概要介绍了该新技术的特点,国内外应用研究和基础研究的最新进展情况。 相似文献
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Liang Zhang Kong‐quan Shi Gui‐yang Shi 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2011,86(2):213-216
BACKGROUND: A great amount of wastewater with high contents of chemical oxygen demand (COD) are produced by ethanol production. It would be useful to utilize distillery wastewater to produce L‐lactic acid, which could be a high additional value byproduct of ethanol production. The fermentation process of L‐lactic acid production by a newly isolated Enterococcus hawaiiensis CICIM‐CU B0114 is reported for the first time. RESULTS: The strain produced 56 g L?1 of L‐lactic acid after cultivation for 48 h in optimized medium consisting of (g L?1) 80 glucose, 10 peptone, 10 yeast extract, 1.5 Na2HPO4 and 0.2 MgSO4. E. hawaiiensis CICIM‐CU B0114 was isolated and purified by subculture for growing and producing L‐lactic acid in distillery wastewater of very high gravity (VHG) from ethanol fermentation. L‐lactic acid fermentation was further studied with distillery wastewater substrate in 7 L and 15 L fermentors. The results showed that L‐lactic acid concentrations of 52 g L?1 and 68 g L?1 was achieved in 7 L and 15 L fermentors with the initial sugar concentrations of 67 g L?1 and 87 g L?1, respectively. CONCLUSION: The production of L‐lactic acid by the newly isolated E. hawaiiensis CICIM‐CU B0114 was carried out and the fermentation medium was optimized by orthogonal experimental design. This new strain holds the promise of L‐lactic acid production utilizing distillery wastewater from VHG ethanol fermentation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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超高浓度(very high gravity,VHG)连续乙醇发酵过程中的振荡行为会导致发酵终点的乙醇浓度振荡和降低,是VHG连续乙醇发酵面临的主要问题。研究表明,游离酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiae 4126和自絮凝酵母BHL01在VHG连续乙醇发酵过程中,生物量、残糖、乙醇、甘油等发酵参数都呈现130~145 h的周期性振荡,且絮凝酵母发酵体系的平均乙醇浓度和乙醇生产强度都明显高于游离酵母体系。在絮凝酵母VHG连续乙醇发酵过程中利用发酵尾气气提分离乙醇,酵母细胞振荡行为被明显弱化,达到拟稳态状态,并且使发酵液中的残糖浓度控制在0.1 g·L-1以下,平均乙醇浓度为110.87 g·L-1,乙醇产率达到2.99 g·L-1·h-1。因此,本研究为弱化VHG连续乙醇发酵中的参数振荡行为提供了新的技术手段。 相似文献
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用超重力技术进行锅炉给水脱氧 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11
用一台处理水量10t/h的超重机作为锅炉给水脱氧的中试侧线装置,该装置在燕山石化向阳化工厂的动力分厂与70t/h高压锅炉给水脱氧系统并联安装,并进行了运转实验,利用工厂的废热蒸汽或低压蒸汽(表压0.3MPa)脱氧,锅炉用水经超重机一次脱氧,不需加入化学除氧剂,水的含氧量为5.8-6.8μg/L,达到了中、高压蒸汽锅炉给水含量小于7ug/L的标准,而且指标稳定,经过400h连续的运转考验,证明超重机的操作弹性大,填料固定结构和厚度确定合理。 相似文献
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在利用普通酿酒酵母进行高浓度乙醇连续发酵的实验中,发现了一种长周期、高振幅的振荡现象。利用流式细胞仪测定了振荡周期不同时点的细胞周期分布,表明这种特殊的振荡现象和酵母细胞周期的同步化不相关。对一个完整振荡周期中不同时点的代谢通量分析,发现胞内碳通量在代谢网络中的分布也呈现出和胞外残糖、乙醇和生物量浓度类似的振荡过程。分析酵母细胞代谢活性与胞外发酵体系乙醇浓度的时程关系,表明酵母细胞对乙醇抑制的延迟反应是诱发这种振荡行为的主要因素,胞内海藻糖积累与乙醇生成同步,进一步支持了这一观点。 相似文献
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