分布式天线系统MIMO信道容量分析

结合了分布式天线系统和MIMO信道特点的分布式MIMO系统可以改善覆盖特性,提高系统容量。提出了包含路径损耗、快衰落和阴影衰落的两层分集分布式MIMO系统。对MIMO信道容量的分析表明,分布式MIMO系统具有良好的信道容量均匀覆盖特性。与传统集中式天线系统相比,分布式MIMO系统可以获得更好的小区平均信道容量。对下行信道容量的数值分析表明,由于“充水”方式功率分配可以充分利用MIMO信道信息,此时的分布式MIMO系统可以比等功率分配条件下的分布式天线系统多获得0.25bit/(s·Hz)每发送天线的信道容量增量。     

天线选择对分布式多入多出系统的容量影响研究

通过天线选择可以提高多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的容量,并能有效地降低MIMO系统的复杂度和射频成本.基于连续选择使MIMO系统容量增加最大的天线的方法,用矩阵及行列式运算导出了一种新的接收天线选择算法.将该算法用于分布式MIMO系统的容量研究,通过计算机仿真,结合Rice因子K及不同视距传播条件等因素对分布式MIMO系统上行信道容量的影响进行了研究.仿真结果在分布式无线通信组网及网络优化中具有指导意义.     

分布式天线系统的多用户分集

分布式天线系统(DAS)由于其具有更大的覆盖范围,较好的功率效率,以及更高的系统容量在近年来备受关注,但很多文献都只是基于以上几个方面进行分析,而没有考虑多用户分集。该文提出了一种考虑用户公平性的最小容量损失轮询调度算法,并以该算法为基础,从多用户分集的角度研究了基于迫零波束成形算法的下行分布式天线系统的信道容量。结果表明,在天线数目和总功率相同的情况下,采用分布式天线系统可以得到比集中放置天线系统(CAS)更大的多用户分集增益。最小容量损失轮询调度算法明显优于普通轮询调度算法,该算法对DAS和CAS都适用。     

一种分布式多入多出(MIMO)信道的容量研究

分布式MIMO系统结合了点对点MIMO信道与分布式天线系统两者的特点，能改善链路的质量，提高覆盖面积。本文提出了一种包含路径损耗、阴影衰落与小尺度衰落的分布式MIMO信道模型，分析推导了采用该模型时的分布式MIMO信道容量。通过计算机仿真，研究分析了阴影衰落、Rice信道因子K等因素对分布式MIMO上行信道容量的影响，得出了分布式MIMO信道容量空间分布的特点。     

TD-SCDMA系统上行极限容量测试分析

文章提出了一种用矢量信号源产生多个TD-SCDMA用户上行信号对基站接收机进行上行模拟加载测试的方法.运用该方法对基站接收机进行上行模拟加载容量测试,得出TD-SCDMA系统要实现上行满码道工作,外扇区干扰比lor/loc及用户分布必须满足一定的关系.测试结果表明,受智能天线的干扰抑制性能影响,用户集中分布时相对于分散分布时解调门限要求明显提高,TD-SCDMA系统中对此可以采取措施进行改善.     

天线选择对MIMO信道容量的影响

该文首先分析了多天线系统的信道容量,然后研究了当信道矩阵非满秩时,选择发射和接收天线对信道容量的影响。仿真试验结果表明,发射天线选择能提高系统容量,同时选择发射和接收天线虽然减小了复杂度和硬件成本,但对系统容量的增加低于单独进行发射天线选择时的情况。     

一种改进的麻雀搜索天线选择算法

为解决麻雀搜索算法在多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO)系统中进行天线选择时,存在过早收敛导致系统容量非最优的问题,提出了一种改进的麻雀搜索天线选择算法。该算法首先结合0-1规划推导出信道容量函数,将其作为适应度函数。在天线选择子集寻优过程中,通过引入自适应变异,有效增加了个体变化的多样性。最后将禁忌搜索算法融入到算法中,并加速算法收敛。仿真结果表明,改进的麻雀搜索天线选择算法能够有效降低MIMO系统进行天线选择时的运算复杂度,在保证收敛速度的同时,最终得到的系统信道容量趋近于最优算法。     

移动通信基站双极化智能天线扇区功率比*

根据移动通信基站天线广播波束要求,构建了基站双极化智能天线阵的空间三维方向图函数.由此,计算了工作频段内基站天线不同水平面半功率波瓣宽度、不同前后比、不同垂直面电下倾和机械下倾角时,基站天线的扇区功率比和增益.结果表明,基站天线水平面半功率波瓣宽度和前后比是影响扇区功率比的决定因素;基站天线垂直面机械下倾的扇区功率比优于电下倾的扇区功率比.     

一种改进的分布式MIMO递增天线选择算法研究

分布式MIMO系统的天线数目与点对点MIMO相比进一步增多,文章通过对分布式MIMO系统模型进行分析研究,在原有次优的递增选择算法基础上,提出一种改进的递增选择算法。该算法通过选取贡献最大天线与更新信道矩阵合并的方法,逐步去除对信道容量贡献最小的天线。结果表明,该算法可以快速选择出使系统容量最大的天线子集,且复杂度大幅降低,在强相关信道下表现出良好的适应性。     

MIMO-OFDM系统的信道容量分析

研究TMIMO-OFDM系统在频率选择性衰落信道下的系统模型,推导了使用等功率分配时的信道容量,得出了各态历经容量的一个紧密下界.分析了天线数目、接收信噪比及选择性衰落分集对信道容量的影响.通过仿真表明,MIMO-OFDM系统信道容量主要由天线数目和平均接收信噪比决定,随着天线数目或信噪比的增加而增大.     

Exploiting Macrodiversity with Distributed Antennas in Micro-Cellular CDMA Systems

We consider the use of distributed antennas to increase the capacity and peak data rate achievable in a microcellular CDMA system with limited bandwidth. In additon to the diversity against Rayleigh fading achievable by use of microdiversity among nearly co-located transmit or receive antennas, we exploit macrodiversity against shadow fading that more widely separated antennas permit. We report on antenna configurations for both directional and omni-directional antennas that provide the most uniform signal-to-interference ratio coverage, averaged over a large number of position vectors drawn from a spatially uniform distribution of mobiles. Call capacities and peak transmission rates are determined for an integrated system carrying traffic at different constant rates, where processing gain and the transmission rate are selected to satisfy a common chip rate. For the downlink a 5.5 dB capacity gain can be achieved for 64 kb/s calls using four antennas located on the diagonals of each square cell. A bandwidth of 5 MHz allows two or more calls to be simultaneously supported at data rates up to 512 kb/s, as opposed to only 128 kb/s for three co-located antennas. On the uplink we distinguish between the computationally simpler equal-gain combining of the antenna signals and the possibly more complex maximum-ratio combining. With equal gain combining we achieve a peak data rate of 128 kb/s and a capacity gain of 2.5 dB relative to equal gain combining of three nearly co-located antenna signals. With maximum ratio combining the peak uplink rate can be as high as 512 kb/s and the capacity is increased by 2.0 dB relative to the maximum-ratio combining of three co-located antennas.     

多用户分布式MIMO-OFDM系统中天线与子载波分配算法研究

本文针对多用户分布式MIMO-OFDM系统中的资源联合分配问题,提出了一种基于端口选择的天线与子载波分配算法。该算法依据计算复杂度容限设定用户通信静态端口数,以此为每个用户选取信道状况最好的通信端口进行通信,进而通过天线端口与下属用户的相互配合,并行地完成天线与子载波的分配。仿真结果表明,该算法在系统天线数大于用户数的情况下容量性能优于MASA算法,且其端口并行处理机制可以有效提高资源分配效率。     

On the optimum number of beams for fixed beam smart antennas in UMTS FDD

Fixed-beam smart antennas are a simple but effective method to boost the downlink capacity of UMTS FDD. In this paper we compare the two possible strategies. Using a four element uniform linear antenna array, we find the optimum number of fixed beams per 120/spl deg/ sector dependent on the direction of departure (DoD) spread at the base station. For the first method we find the optimum number of beams to be four for low DoD spreads and two or three for large DoD spreads. For the second method the optimum number of beams per sector is seven for small DoD spreads and goes down to four or five beams per sector for large DoD spreads depending on base station spacing. By extensive system level simulations, we show, for 1 km inter base station distance, a capacity gain of more than 160% over a conventional 3-sectored reference system by both fixed beam methods.     

Energy efficiency of massive MIMO wireless communication systems with antenna selection

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) requires a large number (tens or hundreds) of base station antennas serving for much smaller number of terminals, with large gains in energy efficiency and spectral efficiency compared with traditional MIMO technology. Large scale antennas mean large scale radio frequency (RF) chains. Considering the plenty of power consumption and high cost of RF chains, antenna selection is necessary for Massive MIMO wireless communication systems in both transmitting end and receiving end. An energy efficient antenna selection algorithm based on convex optimization was proposed for Massive MIMO wireless communication systems. On the condition that the channel capacity of the cell is larger than a certain threshold, the number of transmit antenna, the subset of transmit antenna and servable mobile terminals (MTs) were jointly optimized to maximize energy efficiency. The joint optimization problem was proved in detail. The proposed algorithm is verified by analysis and numerical simulations. Good performance gain of energy efficiency is obtained comparing with no antenna selection.     

不采用自适应算法的智能天线系统

本文提出了一种基于等旁瓣针状波束方向图的智能天线。为了与采用自适应算法的智能天线进行对比,本文分别模拟了这两种不同天线用于ＣＤＭＡ系统时的扩容能力。模拟结果表明,在ＣＤＭＡ系统中无需采用自适应算法,只需用等旁瓣针状波束智能天线,就可以达到与自适应智能天线相似的扩容性能。等旁瓣针状波束智能天线的优点是：无需迭代、响应速度快,鲁棒性好。     

A Combined Antenna Array and Multi-User Detection DS-CDMA Receiver in Single-Path and Multi-Path Fading Channels

An adaptive antenna array is incorporated into a decorrelatingmulti-user detector to effectively increase the DS-CDMA system capacity.Capacity improvement is due to beamforming gain, spatial diversity gain(assuming large angle spread), and the decorrelating effect. Thereceiver has been analyzed for the cases of sufficiently andinsufficiently spaced receiving antennas. The receiver consists of afront-end beamformer for every user in the cell and has knowledge of allusers' signature sequences. The beamformer estimates the desired userchannel vector, enhancing its signal and reducing the co-channelinterference from other directions. The multi-user detection, exploitingknowledge of other users, rejects those interferers whose arrival anglesare close to that of the desired user. The average uncoded Bit ErrorRate (BER) as a function of the number of in-beam active users, theaverage antenna Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), and the number of receivingantennas is examined in both single-path and multi-path Rayleigh fadingchannels. Analysis shows an increase in system capacity proportional tothe number of receiving antennas.     

CDMA移动通信系统中基于RLS算法的天线阵列有源校正

基于递归最小二乘(RLS)自适应滤波理论,本文提出了一种天线阵列的幅度和相位不一致性的有源在线 校正方法。该方法具有快速稳健的收敛性能,不受天线阵列的几何形式限制,也适用于移动用户数大于阵元数的实际通信 环境中。计算机仿真证实了该方法的有效性。     

室内分布式天线系统信道测量及容量分析

分布式天线系统通过在地理位置上分布式放置天线,增强了系统的覆盖性能,也提高了系统的分集增益和容量性能。通过自主搭建的信道测量平台,对室内分布式天线系统信道进行了测量,其中发端天线分布式放置,接收端天线集中放置,对数据分析表明,在不存在视距传输或者视距传输分量不明显的情况下,各发天线到收端的信道解相关特性良好,容量性能提高较大;反之则容量性能下降。系统容量与天线是否均匀放置也密切相关,天线均匀放置时,容量提高且分布更为均匀。     

智能天线对LTE上行链路干扰及容量的影响

为了从根本上降低LTE上行链路的干扰,提高系统的容量,从理论上分析了终端使用主瓣宽度为60°的智能天线对上行链路干扰及容量的影响。通过计算得出,系统内所有的终端均使用主瓣宽度为60°的智能天线时,可使相邻小区的干扰功率与本小区干扰功率的比值降低到10-2量级以下,可使多小区的容量达到单小区容量的98.6%以上。     

Achievable sum‐rate analysis of correlated two‐antenna MIMO uplink channels

This paper analyzes the achievable sum‐rate of correlated two‐antenna multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) uplink channels. Most of previous works have considered the case when a single user has multiple transmit antennas (i.e. multi‐antenna single‐user scenario). This paper considers the case when two‐antenna MIMO uplink channels comprise two users with a single transmit antenna (i.e. single‐antenna two‐user scenario). The analytic and simulation results show that the achievable sum‐rate of correlated single‐antenna two‐user MIMO uplink channels highly depends on the angle difference between the receive correlation coefficients of two users. It is also shown that the achievable sum‐rate of correlated single‐antenna two‐user MIMO uplink channels is larger than that of correlated two‐antenna single‐user MIMO uplink channels and can even be larger than that of independent and identically distributed Rayleigh two‐antenna MIMO uplink channels. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.