流化床二组分混合物的适宜分离气速

在等密度与非等密度二组分混合物分离体系中，考察操作气速对分离度的影响，提出物料的静床高对高效分离气速没有影响，而操作气速取其混合物最小流化速度的１．２倍左右时，二组分混合物产生高效分离，并且此操作气速随着二组分混合物分离状态的判定值（等密度混合物指Ｒｍｆ值，非等密度混合物主要指Ｒｐ值）的增加而拓宽。     

气固流化床中大差异双组份颗粒分级特性的实验研究

为解决清洁汽油生产工艺中存在的能量利用问题,需开发一种能使两种温度不同的催化剂直接混合换热,然后实现催化剂再次分离的组合流化床再生器.在一套φ500 mm×7000 mm的大型冷模装置上对密度相近、粒径差异较大的双组份颗粒形成的气固流化床中稀、密相间颗粒分级特性进行了系统的实验研究,结果表明表观气速、混合颗粒平均停留时间以及混合进料浓度是影响颗粒分级的主要因素,停留时间阈值可用于表征气体分布板形式对分级的影响.利用实验数据回归得到了分级效率的经验模型,模型计算值与实验值吻合较好.     

胶原/明胶的结构(构象)与性能研究——Ⅰ.超过滤技术用于明胶组份分离的探索研究

收集了十种不同型号的超过滤膜,将这些膜应用于明胶的不同组份分离的探索研究。试验表明,F-84-8超过滤膜对于实现α组份与β组份的分离是有效的。讨论了超过滤技术应用于明胶生产过程的可能性及有待解决的问题。     

振动流化床中双组份颗粒分离特性

在圆柱形振动流化床中,对13种体系进行了双组份颗粒分离特性的研究. 通过分析上部与下部沉积组份的浓度,采用Williams的分离系数作为目标值,考察了振动参数及操作参数对分离特性的影响. 根据实验结果,采用Zhang–Peng分离判别系数与振动强度的综合来判定分离体系.     

下行床弧面锥体气固分离装置的分离效率实验

以FCC颗粒为物料，实验研究了在气固并流下行循环流化床(f=37 mm, H=5 m)中，气固两相分离装置的结构、颗粒循环量、表观操作气速对分离器气固分离效率的影响. 结果表明，在气固并流下行系统中，采用弧面锥体气固分离装置，内加导流板，在气速为1~5 m/s，颗粒循环速率20~90 kg/(m2.s)条件下，可使气固分离效率达到99%以上，压力损失小于500 Pa.     

撬装式井口气三塔分离回收装置及方法

本发明涉及一种撬装式井口气三塔分离回收装置及方法,该装置包括相互连通的甲乙烷精馏塔、丙烷精馏塔和重组份精馏塔;其中,甲乙烷精馏塔用于接收经脱硫除杂和压缩制冷后的进口气的气体组份,在甲乙烷精馏塔的塔顶得到纯度至少为95%的干气,并将甲乙烷精馏塔的塔     

叶片式入口分离器气液流动及分离性能数值模拟

叶片式分离器是一种较新颖的气液两相流设备的入口分离及布气装置。为了给设计提供指导,本文采用离散相模型对其中的气液两相流动过程进行模拟,并通过分离效率测试对计算模型进行了验证;在此基础上研究了气速、液滴粒径、叶片倾角及流道入口宽度对分离性能的影响。结果表明:叶片式分离器具有良好的气液分离性能,对于粒径大于50μm的液滴分离效率能够达到85%以上,增大气速和液滴粒径有利于提高叶片式入口装置的分离效率;综合考虑分离效率和压降,叶片倾角宜设置为5～8°;在现有流道宽度设计建议的范围内,减小流道宽度可显著提高小液滴分离效率,但阻力也将增加。     

两种旋流板分离器压降和分离性能的对比

对φ300 mm的单程和双程旋流板分离器的压降和分离效率进行了测量分析.相对于单程旋流板分离器,双程旋流板分离器的减阻幅度为12.8%.双程旋流板分离器适应的气速范围大幅度提高,穿孔气速、喷淋密度对其分离效率和带出量影响均不大,在实验气速范围内,分离效率在99.9%以上.与单程旋流板分离器相比,当穿孔气速约从10 m/s增大到17 m/s时,双程分离器的带出量下降了72.7%到96.3%.分析认为,双程旋流板分离器压降的减小和分离性能的提高是其切向速度的增大、立面上大部分区域涡环的消除及分离距离缩短综合作用的结果.     

双组份胶粘剂专用设备

1前言众所周知，双组份胶粘剂是由A（基料）、B（催化剂）组成的。使用双组份胶粘剂的方法就是将两个组份（A料与B料）按给定的配比放在一起混合搅拌，产生不可逆的化学反应。随着固化过程的结束，而得到所需要的最终结果。一般来说，使用双组份胶粘剂有两种方法：第一种方法是手工按一定配比将两种组份的料进行混合搅拌，得到象单组份一样使用的双组份胶。这种方法适用于需少量胶粘剂和当双组份胶的化学反应时间较长时。这种方法必须预制比需要量多的胶料，而最终使用后总要有一些剩余料，从而造成浪费；第二种方法是使用专用设备。下面…     

DM403三组份定量供料混合系统

EDF Polymer-Applikation Maschinenfabrik GmbH展出的DM403是一种三组份高性能半／全自动混合和定量供料系统，可用于不同类型组份的发泡、密封、胶粘和成型。该系统能够精确3hi液体、中粘度和高粘度介质，如聚氨酯、硅酮、环氧树脂等。DM403的主要特点是：     

流化床生物质惰性颗粒混合分离特性①

在Φ99×1000mm的圆柱流化床中,选用不同粒径的沙子／锯末、沙子／菜籽体系,研究了不同沉积组分含量,尤其研究了生物质、惰性颗粒在富沉积组分情形下床层表观气速、静床高度对流化床二组分混合物的混合与分离的影响。结果表明静床高度对分高度无影响,沉积组分适宜的粒度及高表观气速有利于流化床二组分混合物的混合,可使混合度达到87％。     

流化床生物质惰性颗粒混合分离特性

在Φ99×1000mm的圆柱流化床中,选用不同粒径的沙子／锯末、沙子／菜籽体系,研究了不同沉积组分含量,尤其研究了生物质、惰性颗粒在富沉积组分情形下床层表观气速、静床高度对流化床二组分混合物的混合与分离的影响。结果表明静床高度对分高度无影响,沉积组分适宜的粒度及高表观气速有利于流化床二组分混合物的混合,可使混合度达到87％。     

Particle segregation in a fluidized bed

Particle segregation data at low gas velocity, near the minimum fluidizing velocity, are presented for particles of different size (150 to 2800 μm) and density (720 to 2800 kg/m³) in a fluidized bed. Phase diagrams similar to those of liquid-solid systems are developed to present the results. The data were collected in a 100 mm diameter unit operating at pressures up to 660 kPa and a 114 mm diameter unit at atmospheric pressure. The particle segregation data were obtained to provide design and operating criteria for a two-stage. i.e., an agglomerating combustor/gasifier and a devolatilizer/desulfurizer, fluidized bed coal gasification process to produce low heating-value gas (890-1350 K-cal/m³) for power generation. The data indicate that the criteria for particle separation can be achieved if the operating gas velocity is close to the minimum fluidizing velocity of the dense particles, that is, agglomerated ash, and spent dolomite.     

生物质惰性颗粒混合物的混合分离特性

在D99mm×1000mm的圆柱流化床中,选用不同粒径的沙子／锯末、沙子／菜籽双组分混合物,研究了不同沉积组分含量,尤其是富沉积组分情形下床层表观气速、静床高度对流化床二组分混合物的混合与分离的影响．实验结果表明：静床高度对生物质惰性颗粒混合物分离指数无影响,沉积组分适宜的粒度及床层高和表观气速有利于生物质惰性颗粒混合物的混合．     

A new integrated approach of coal gasification: the concept and preliminary experimental results

The total carbon conversion of conventional fluidized bed gasifier is relatively low (<90%) mainly because of carbon loss in fly-ash. In this paper, a new concept of integrated coal gasification—fluidized bed+entrained flow is introduced. Within this process, large partition of coal with higher reactivity is converted in an ash agglomerating fluidized bed reactor under moderate temperature (~1000 °C). The remaining small partition of coal (fly-ash) with lower reactivity is converted in a small integrated entrained flow gasifier under higher temperature (1200–1400 °C). Low carbon content ash is withdrawn in dry mode by ash agglomerating, with no need to be melted. Preliminary experimental results show that the whole system can be operated steadily, total carbon conversion reaches >95%, efficient gas (CO+H₂) concentration is 78–82%. Heat exchange between two reactors has been realized, the high temperature gas from entrained flow gasifier can be cooled, and in the mean time the temperature of fluidized bed nearly keeps constant. The high-temperature ash from entrained flow gasifier can be cooled by the char in dense phase of the fluidized bed and then withdrawn in agglomerating mode. All these results prove the concept correct and feasible.     

Fluidised binary mixtures in which the denser component may be flotsam

From previous work, some simple, general rules can be written for determining with binary mixtures which of the two components is jetsam. In general, if there is a density difference, it is the denser. This paper reports some experiments which show that in certain special cases this density rule is broken.If the dense particles are sufficiently small (size ratio < ～0.35) and in sufficiently low concentration (< ～15% by volume) to be incorporated in the interstices of a packed bed of the larger, then, on fluidising the bed, the small dense particles may become flotsam or jetsam. Increases in fluidising velocity and of concentration of the smaller increase the tendency of the denser particles to behave in the normal way, i.e. revert to jetsam.The concept of segregation maps is introduced as a convenient way of showing for a particular set of conditions whether small dense particles are jetsam or flotsam, or whether the whole system is well mixed. Finally, some simple theoretical arguments are put forward to explain the observations.     

灰熔聚流化床粉煤气化技术加压大型化研发新进展

灰熔聚流化床粉煤气化技术历经20余年的研发和工程化放大,低压气化技术已日趋成熟,并用于氮肥企业原料气改造和新建甲醇合成厂。该气化技术可使用不同灰含量和灰熔融性温度的煤,过程效率也较高,符合我国资源特点。为此在山西省发展和改革委员会的支持下,中科院山西煤化所和山西晋煤集团合作成立的“山西省粉煤气化工程研究中心”正在建设3.0MPa加压灰熔聚流化床粉煤气化中试平台,2006年年底已建成,预计于2007年3月进行加压气化试验,2007年完成加压灰熔聚流化床煤气化工业装置设计软件包的编制,形成具有我国自主知识产权、适应中国煤炭特点的大规模加压灰熔聚流化床粉煤气化技术。本文介绍了灰熔聚流化床粉煤气化过程,指出它的优点、缺点、适用范围、技术现状和发展方向,并对加压灰熔聚气化中试技术进行了简介。     

Mixing–segregation phenomena of binary system in a fluidized bed

A study on mixing–segregation phenomena in a gas fluidized bed of binary density system was performed by analysis of the residence time distribution and mixing degree. The effect of particle mixing on the residence time distribution and solid mixing was studied in a binary particle system with different densities. Residence time distribution curve and mean residence time of each particle were measured according to the flotsam particle size, mixing ratio and gas velocity in a gas fluidized bed (0.109 m I.D., 1.8 m height). The characteristics of residence time distribution and the deviation of mean residence time of each particle are consistent with previous mixing index based on the axial concentration of jetsam. From this study, mixing index of binary particle system with different densities should be considered by not only axial concentration distribution of jetsam particle but also characteristics of residence time distribution. This result suggests that the solid movement by fluidization gas is more important than solid axial dispersion.     

Artificial Neural Network approach to segregation characteristic of binary homogeneous mixtures in promoted gas-solid fluidized beds

Binary mixtures of size-different dolomites are fluidized in a bed where co-axial promoters are introduced. The segregation characteristic of jetsam particles has been determined for different mixtures in terms of the segregation distance by empirically correlating the results with the various system parameters viz. initial static bed height, height of a layer of particles above the bottom grid, superficial gas velocity and average particle size of the mixture with dimensional analysis for both the un-promoted and the promoted beds. Correlations have also been developed with the above system parameters from an Artificial Neural Network approach. Segregation distances for the promoted and un-promoted beds have been compared. The results through the correlations thus developed with the above system parameters from the ANN-approach and the findings with respect to the dimensional analysis approach have been compared.     

Hydrodynamics of gas-solid fluidized bed of disparately sized binary particles

The hydrodynamics of binary mixture of Geldart Group A and D particles in a turbulent fluidized bed were investigated by experiment and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method in this paper. The results showed that at low gas velocity, the binary mixtures tend to segregate. At moderate gas velocity, they incline to mix well in the dense phase. Further increasing gas velocity, small particles are entrained and accumulate in the upper regime of the bed, and a segregation trend of the binary mixture appears again. At high gas velocities, segregation efficiency in the continuous classification process increases with increasing the gas velocity and mean residence time of the binary mixture, however, decreases with increasing the small particle content. A strong particle recirculation appears all over the dense phase of the bed, causing an approximately uniform solid composition in radial direction of the fluidized bed.