钢铁企业工序能力匹配关系思考

针对高炉→转炉→热轧→冷轧流程,分析了工序能力和物流匹配的关系,提出了炼铁工序能力＜炼钢工序能力＜热轧工序能力＞冷轧工序能力;其中铁钢比0.90～0.96,热轧和冷轧间的匹配程度为1∶（0.4～0.8）。炼钢厂内精炼能力＞冶炼能力＞连铸能力;轧钢厂内热轧能力≥加热炉能力,冷轧能力＞深加工能力。为满足流程匹配关系,需开发“铁 铸 轧一体化”的生产管理系统和冷区网络化物流管理模型。     

钢铁企业工序能力匹配关系思考

针对高炉→转炉→热轧→冷轧流程,分析了工序能力和物流匹配的关系,提出了炼铁工序能力〈炼钢工序能力〈热轧工序能力〉冷轧工序能力;其中铁钢比0.90-0.96,热轧和冷轧间的匹配程度为1∶（0.4-0.8）。炼钢厂内精炼能力〉冶炼能力〉连铸能力;轧钢厂内热轧能力≥加热炉能力,冷轧能力〉深加工能力。为满足流程匹配关系,需开发＂铁-铸-轧一体化＂的生产管理系统和冷区网络化物流管理模型。     

河钢舞钢二炼钢工艺流程优化

河钢舞钢二炼钢存在严重的炉机不匹配问题。通过对河钢舞钢二炼钢车间布局、工艺流程等方面的系统调研和分析,发现合理安排转炉准备时间,避免浇次内更换水口和滑板,可有效控制转炉周期;增加并稳定出钢量,在恒拉速的情况可有效延长连铸周期,炉机不匹配得到有效缓解;同时,使用"转炉→3#LF→2#VD→连铸"的工艺流程,能耗降低。     

运用动态规划实现生产调度微机决策

采用动态规划的手段,利用计算机精确快速运算,提出4座转炉与5台连铸机的生产匹配最佳方案,实现炼钢—连铸—轧钢的一体化生产组织,保证炼钢—连铸过程中各工序顺利衔接和合理匹配,提高热装率,实现生产效率提升和产品成本的降低。     

酒钢宏兴炼钢一工序三炉对四机生产组织模式的实践

在对酒钢宏兴炼钢一工序脱硫-炼钢-精炼-连铸工序时间参数进行分析研究与实践中得知，工艺流程和生产协调匹配、生产模式的合理与否，直接影响生产系统运行效率。生产模式决定着系统运行效率，因此，制定了该广三炉对四机的生产组织模式的调控方案，确定了生产组织模式的调度模型，为全流程更好的衔接匹配奠定了基础。     

废钢物流的优化管理

在电炉炼钢短流程向现代化迈进的形势下,整个流程中时间节奏和物流流量的匹配衔接问题成为全流程工程上最为突出的矛盾。锡兴公司二炼分厂“电连线”的电炉—精炼—连铸部份主要设备引进意大利AL430SP型34吨高功率电炉(以下称2~#炉),国产30吨普通电炉(以下称1~#炉)各一座,LF40吨精炼炉一台及引进日本三菱MC—6S R=6米,     

新钢基于多元数据采集的电弧炉炼钢过程能量监控系统

电弧炉炼钢过程中能量多元且复杂,采用单一的数据采集方式不能满足对电弧炉炼钢过程各工序能量构成分析要求。通过多元数据采集方式,准确采集电弧炉炼钢过程各工序实际生产数据,并使用Visual Studio 2013、Microsoft SQL Server 2012数据库等软件建立电弧炉炼钢过程能量监控系统。该系统通过实时动态采集到的电弧炉炼钢过程各项冶炼数据,量化电弧炉炼钢过程各工序能量,实现电弧炉炼钢过程能量监控;对电弧炉炼钢过程各工序能量消耗、能量流动、能量利用等方面进行分析,为电弧炉生产过程能量高效利用提供理论依据。     

高质量齿轮钢SAE8620H(Z)精炼新工艺实践

通过试验,摸索出新工艺路线:100 t EAF→100 t VD→100 t LF→CCM 340 mm×300 mm,生产SAE 8620H(Z)齿轮钢,获得钢液纯净度提高、钢材中总氧含量明显下降、夹杂物评级得到改善、硫及其它化学成分易于控制、钢液精炼结束时的氢含量能控制在1.5×10-6以下、各生产工序在时间匹配上比较协调。     

优化生产组织模式提高RH生产能力

由于RH的强大功能,RH成为生产品种钢的关键工序.随着前工序铁水量的增加和后工序品种钢需求的增加,宝钢一炼钢RH成为影响品种钢产能提高和物流顺畅的瓶颈工序.通过分析了影响宝钢一炼钢RH产能的因素后,从RH生产组织原则、RH处理钢种铸机分配、RH分工、缩短RH处理周期、模铸钢生产组织、模铸钢与连铸钢处理时间匹配等方面进行了优化,RH 日均处理量提高了2.9炉,同时降低了非 RH 工艺处理钢比例.     

500m~3级高炉改造总结与分析

总结近年3座500 m3级高炉的改造经验,提出此规模高炉改造的两个着眼点:一是高效、长寿的高炉本体设计,包括炉型设计、砌体结构、冷却结构、检测系统等,尤其是双铁口的设计;二是合理的炉容大小设计,包括炼铁工序内部各系统的匹配,与铁前、炼钢工序的匹配。同时,对施工组织和投资概算做了简要说明。     

Voices of fear and anxiety and sadness and depression: The effects of speech rate and loudness on fear and anxiety and sadness and depression.

Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Synthesis and analysis of mixed chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and assessment of formation and occurrence of the fluorinated and chlorinated-fluorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo.     

Sexuality and aging--usual and successful

BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged.     

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors.     

Larks and owls and health, wealth, and wisdom

OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality.     

Craniometaphyseal and craniodiaphyseal dysplasia, head and neck manifestations and management

Mechanical allodynia (MA) following hand injury is a well-documented clinical problem. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the relationship between hand MA and the upper limb tension test (ULTT). The ULTT mechanically stresses the neural structures from the C5/6/7 neural foramina to the median nerve distally. This study examined 29 subjects with unilateral hand MA before and after a 2-week neural self-mobilization programme. There was a significant difference between the subjects' affected and unaffected sides when tested using the ULTT, both in reproduction of symptoms and in reduced range of motion of the ULTT. Following the self-mobilization program, there was an improvement in the range of the ULTT, and subjects reported a reduction in their symptoms. Complete recovery was not obtained in all cases. The results of this study suggest that the ULTT is a useful tool both in assessment and treatment of subjects with hand MA.     

深云立交桥梁检测及加固改造

根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果，对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态，及其使用情况做出综合评价，对桥的病害原因进行了分析，并提出合理的加固方案。     

关于摩尔浓度及其与硬度转换关系问题的讨论

众所周知，国际单位制物质的量采用摩尔(mol)表示，近几年出版的给排水专业书籍，为了与国际单位制接轨，逐渐将摩尔的使用频率不断提高，被给排水技术人员广泛应用的新版给排水设计手册，将表示物质浓度的单位“当量／升”或“毫克当量／升”．改为mol／l或mmol／l，虽然编者对其基本单元定义作了说明，但在实际运用上仍会出现误解，     

《儿子与情人》的语码转换与男女二元对立

劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。