济钢NVB级船板应变时效敏感性试验研究

研究了不同塑性变形量的应变时效对NVB钢板的强度、塑性及低温韧性和脆性转变温度的影响,结果表明,NVB钢板的应变时效敏感性较低,经5％时效后仍具有较好的低温韧性。通过微观组织分析,不同温度下试样的金相组织以铁素体和少量珠光体为主,20℃断口形貌为韧窝状,0--40℃断口出现准解理形貌,带状组织易导致材料韧性的恶化,钙硅酸盐类非金属夹杂物对脆性转变温度有不良作用,容易加速钢板的脆化倾向。     

磷和晶粒尺寸对低碳钢力学性能的影响

研究了磷含量和晶粒尺寸对低碳钢的屈服强度、冲击韧性和韧脆转变温度的影响。结果表明,磷在铁素体中的固溶使含磷钢的强度明显增加;磷在铁素体晶界的偏聚提高了钢的韧脆转变温度。晶粒细化在提高强度的同时减轻了磷在晶界的偏聚程度,从而提高了钢的韧性并降低了钢的韧脆转变温度。因此可以通过晶粒细化来弥补钢中因磷的加入而造成的韧性损失。     

终轧温度对高性能桥梁钢力学性能及组织的影响

利用拉伸、冲击试验机测试力学性能，采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了终轧温度对高性能桥梁钢Q370qE力学性能和微观组织、晶界取向角度差、织构、位错和析出相形态的影响。结果表明：在875～803℃范围内降低终轧温度，钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度均提升，屈强比上升，韧脆转变温度降低，低温韧性提高。终轧温度为803℃时，钢的屈服强度、抗拉强度分别为420、542 MPa,-40℃的夏比冲击功均值为243 J。降低终轧温度有利于铁素体晶粒的细化和均匀性的提升，细化珠光体团束的尺寸，减少珠光体组织的数量，改变了珠光体形态，出现退化形态；但较低的终轧温度，珠光体组织由分散变为连续的条带，加重了钢的带状组织。同时降低终轧温度，促进了大角度晶界的形成和小角度晶界的减少，有利于晶粒<001>取向的减弱和<110>取向的增多；有利于晶内Nb/Ti碳氮化物析出相颗粒的细化及球状的形成，铁素体晶粒内部位错增多并大量缠结，也促进了Nb/Ti碳氮化物在位错上的形成。     

2.25Cr-1Mo钢低温冲击性能和韧脆转变温度研究

对2.25Cr-1Mo钢进行了系列温度的夏比V型缺口冲击试验,通过冲击吸收能量和断口形貌研究了其低温冲击韧性和韧脆转变温度。结果表明,该钢管在高于-30℃温度时呈韧性断裂或韧脆性混合断裂,低于-30℃呈解理脆性断裂。其韧脆转变温度为-23.9℃。     

HSLA Q345D中厚板韧脆转变温度测定与分析

 研究了Q345D低合金高强度中厚板冲击功、侧膨胀率和断面纤维率与温度之间的关系,并利用Boltzmann函数拟合法对不同厚度Q345D中厚板的韧脆转变温度进行了界定。结果表明：拟合所得到的韧脆转变温度各不相同,而且厚规格试样的韧脆转变温度低于薄规格试样的韧脆转变温度。经过优化Q345D连铸坯的连铸和控轧工艺,使Q345D低温韧性有了大幅度提高。     

大口径厚壁焊管特厚板S355NL-Z35应变时效性能的研究

研究了不同塑性变形量的应变时效对S355NL-Z35钢板的强度、塑性及低温韧性和脆性转变温度的影响。结果表明,S355NL-Z35钢板的应变时效敏感性较低,经5%时效后仍具有较好的低温韧性。通过微观组织分析,不同温度下试样的金相组织以铁素体和少量珠光体为主,-40℃断口出现部分解理形貌,钙硅酸盐类非金属夹杂物对脆性转变温度有不良作用,容易加速钢板的脆化倾向。     

冷却工艺对C-Mn钢组织与性能的影响

利用Φ500 mm热轧试验机和冷却系统,研究了C-Mn钢轧后开冷温度、终冷温度对钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明,提高轧后开冷温度可以细化铁素体和珠光体晶粒,提高屈服强度和韧塑性;降低终冷温度也可以细化晶粒,同时改变珠光体形貌,使珠光体含量增加,屈服强度、抗拉强度和低温韧性均得到改善。     

13MnNi6-3低温镍合金钢板焊接性能与组织研究

采用埋弧自动焊,焊接线能量控制在22～25 kJ/cm范围内,试验研究厚度30 mm的13MnNi6-3低温镍合金钢板的焊接性能。试验结果表明,13MnNi6-3低温镍合金钢板焊接后强韧性能良好,接头抗拉强度在536 MPa以上,焊缝位置-60℃冲击吸收能量均值137 J,热影响区位置-60℃冲击吸收能量均值198 J,韧脆转变温度不高于-71℃;焊接接头经580℃SR处理后,综合性能良好,强度和韧性没有发生明显变化;焊缝区金相组织为铁素体+珠光体,铁素体的形态有块状和针状两种;热影响区位置金相组织为多边形铁素体和珠光体组成,组织相对均匀细小。     

精轧开轧温度对超高强度厚板心部性能的影响

利用SEM、EBSD、冲击试验、落锤试验等方法,针对控轧控冷(TMCP)工艺下精轧开轧温度对超高强度厚板心部显微组织和力学性能的影响展开研究。结果表明,低的精轧开轧温度760℃使得钢板原奥氏体晶粒内部缺陷密度更大,增加了铁素体相变的形核位置,最终使相变后的显微组织细小均匀;精轧开轧温度的降低提高了钢板-60℃冲击功,同时降低了无塑性转变温度;42.9%较高比例的大角度晶界、23.5°较大的平均取向差、较高强度的{112}110和{332}113织构及64.3%较高含量的{110}滑移面是提高超高强度厚钢低温韧性的关键。     

薄规格Q370qE钢板TMCP工艺开发及应用

考虑到薄规格Q370qE桥梁用钢板低温韧性及焊接性能要求,此钢种采用低碳成分设计,同时添加Nb等细化晶粒的微合金元素.为满足钢板强度需求,钢板采用控轧控冷工艺生产,通过合理的工艺控制,最终实现了钢板全厚度方向均匀的铁素体+珠光体组织,钢板性能优良,平直度良好.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.