城市规划中卫星遥感技术的优势与应用分析

卫星遥感技术是城市规划中的主要技术手段,主要检查项目包括规划审批项目落实情况、未经审批的建设工程、土地利用率和城市扩展等城市规划实施和变化情况,以及城市环境污染、建筑密度、城市内部用地结构、城镇体系和城市建成区范围等空间布局信息。本文在总结卫星遥感技术发展和城市空间布局情况的基础上,分析了卫星遥感技术在城市规划中的应用。     

城市规划生态化探讨——论生态规划与城市规划的融合

回顾了当前我国城市生态规划与城市规划"两张皮"的理论根源;从现代城市规划理论建构的视角论述了城市规划与城市生态规划融合的可能性、必要性,并指出城市规划的生态化是这一融合的基本途径,也是城市规划未来发展的方向;最后,指出了城市规划生态化对传统城市规划和城市生态规划的启示.     

西方城市规划理论演变及对我国城市规划的思考

从西方广亩城市和紧缩城市的城市规划理论出发,以一名城市规划研究生的角度浅谈了作者对于这两个经典理论的认识,阐述了现代城市关于集中和分散的看法,并且从这两个经典理论的角度收集了中国城市规划中分析解决问题的一些相关的研究。通过分析这些研究,反映了中国城市规划理论研究方面的一些问题以及城市建设中的一些矛盾。     

理论思维与工程思维划界对城市规划学的启示

城市规划作为人社会学科,应当借鉴理论思维与工程思维的划界来区分城市理论研究和城市规划设计。城市理论和城市规划设计各有其特定的属性、思维方式与研究方法,二不可僭越。     

试论中国城市规划理论体系的框架

城市规划对城市发展功不可没，中国城市基本遵循规划建设，但城市发展中仍存在诸多的问题与矛盾，其根源一定程度在于规划理论与方法的先天不足。针对中国城市规划实践的非理性行为，文章从中外城市规划思想、城市生长规律和生存系统及可持续性城市建立角度剖析了中国城市规划理论的思想渊源，认为城市规划的思想体系、价值观念、程序方法、布局模式、规划实施组织体系和规划管理系统组成中国城市规划理论的框架。     

探究城市规划与生态规划的融合

随着时代的发展,社会的进步,城市化建设的进程也在不断的加快。在环境问题日益突出的今天,建设生态化城市是未来城市建设的发展方向,建设生态化城市的有效途径就是讲生态规划和城市规划有效的融合起来。本文首先对我国现存的关于生态规划和城市规划关系的理论进行了探讨,进而提出了在城市规划理论中加入城市价值观的理念,并指出了城市价值观在城市构建理论中的重要作用,最后笔者揭示了城市规划生态化对城市规划和城市生态规划的启示,对生态化城市的建设具有一定的借鉴意义。     

高分辨率卫星遥感的发展及在城市规划与管理中的应用

遥感技术在城市规划与管理中有着广泛的应用。随着高分辨卫星遥感的发展，遥感在城市规划与管理中的应用深度、广度方面都将有进一步的拓宽提高，解决当前限制卫星遥感应用的问题，为城市可持续发展提供有力的技术支持。     

城市空间自组织与城市规划

自组织理论运用于城市的时间很短,往往集中在城市发展的自组织理论上,将城市自组织理论与城市规划相结合的确很少。自组织城市思想和理论沿着科学演进的前沿方向逐步成长,而有关成果在理论发展的同时也向传统的城市规划与管理的思想提出了严峻的挑战。本文通过对自组织理论和城市空间发展自组织理论的综述,描述了城市空间发展自组织与城市规划的关系,最后指出要利用城市空间自组织理论促进我国城市健康发展。     

“和谐城市”规划理论模型

城市规划学科发展面临的核心理论空心化。理论创新惰性化和理论研究阵地孤立化等问题,其原因在很大程度上可以归结于学科始终未能从整体高度上认知自身的全貌。走出这个理论困境的关键就是重建城市规划的整体性理论框架。从城市可持续发展理论出发,初步建立了"和谐城市"规划理论模型。这一理论包含城市人的空间需求层次理论、城市发展状态的三大平衡理论,以及城市人的空间福祉与三大系统消耗的倒U型曲线理论。"和谐城市"理论认为城市规划的本质是在维持自然、社会和时间三个方面尽可能同步和平衡发展的基础上提升城市人的空间需求层级。通过引入自然、社会和时间三大要素,该理论试图较为完整地解释城市规划理论与实践发展,并为城市规划学科发展方向的探索贡献力量。     

环境伦理观：一种重要的城市规划价值观

城市规划只有以正确的环境伦理观为指导,形成科学的城市发展观,才能实现城市的健康与可持续发展。城市规划与城市建设理论与实践中引入环境伦理价值观的必要性表现在3个方面：第一,环境危机问题的产生与城市发展和城市规划之间有着密切的关系;第二,城市规划在解决现实城市环境问题上存在着价值偏颇;第三,城市规划与环境伦理两种学科理论发展与创新的需要。     

(W)Escaping the Challenges of the City: a Critique of Cape Town’s Proposed Satellite Town

Much of the current planning discourse has come to reject master planned ‘new cities’ as both unrealistic and undesirable. However, with growing urbanisation challenges in the Global South, master planned cities, suburbs and communities have come back on the agenda driven by both public and private interests. This paper explores the WesCape Development (WD), a proposed satellite suburb to be located north-west of Cape Town, South Africa. Situating the WD in a longer lineage of utopian and new city planning approaches, I argue that the proposal is deeply flawed. Rather than being the solution to the urban ills facing Cape Town, it is an ‘anti-urban’ strategy which supports suburbanisation and assumes a particular and problematic urban growth scenario. It relies on ‘environmentally deterministic’ assumptions and depoliticised and deinstitutionalised designs. Ultimately, it tries to escape, rather than confront, the operational, political and social challenges of the city leading to the devaluation of planning instruments and citizenship engagement. The WD highlights the importance and power of radical and utopian thinking as well as the necessity of grounding and situating these impulses in the specificities and complexities of the city.     

Urban Heat Management and the Legacy of Redlining

Abstract

Problem, research strategy, and findings: Historical patterns of discrimination and disinvestment have shaped the current landscape of vulnerability to heat in U.S. cities but are not explicitly considered by heat mitigation planning efforts. Drawing upon the equity planning framework and developing a broader conceptualization of what equity means can enhance urban heat management. Here I ask whether areas in Baltimore (MD), Dallas (TX), and Kansas City (MO) targeted for disinvestment in the past through practices like redlining are now more exposed to heat. I compare estimates of land surface temperature (LST) derived from satellite imagery across the four-category rating system used to guide lending practices in cities around the United States, summarize the demographic characteristics of current residents within each of these historical designations using U.S. Census data, and discuss the connection between systematic disinvestment and exposure to heat. LST and air temperatures are not equivalent, which makes it difficult to reconcile existing research on the human health impacts of heat exposure that rely on a sparse network of air temperature monitoring stations with more granular LST data. Areas of these cities that were targeted for systematic disinvestment in the past have higher mean land surface temperatures than those that received more favorable ratings. Poor and minority residents are also overrepresented in formerly redlined areas in each of the three study cities.

Takeaway for practice: By examining areas that have experienced sustained disinvestment, cities may be able to more quickly narrow the focus of heat mitigation planning efforts while furthering social equity. Efforts to mitigate the negative impacts of rising temperatures in U.S. cities must be tailored to the local climate, built environment, and sociodemographic history. Finally, geospatial data sets that document historical policies are useful for centering and redressing current inequalities when viewed through an equity planning lens.     

延庆卫星城水厂建设规划

根据卫星城供水现状，介绍了延庆卫星城水源的分区规划状况，阐述了水厂规划方案，指出水厂建设规划的实施，可解决卫星城未来用水问题，满足卫星城快速发展的需要。     

中小城市规划的探索与思考

主要就中小城市规划中存在的问题进行了探讨和交流，分析了中小城市规划中主要存在的问题，并结合多年设计实践经验提出了几点规划新思路，以期指导中小城市规划设计。     

大城市发展与卫星城建设

文章通过对世界大城市快速发展的案例分析,结合国外卫星城的国际经验,对我国某些大城市从上世纪50年代开始已有建设卫星城的构想提出相应的对策和建议。     

新一轮大城市总体规划的市政基础设施规划编制转型策略

当前,我国大城市总体规划进入新一轮修编期,规划编制思路和方法均需转型,作为城市总体规划重要组成的市政基础设施规划编制也需转型.基于作者团队已开展的实证研究,借鉴了自2010年以来编制的16个国际大城市总体规划中市政基础设施规划特征,剖析了我国大城市总体规划中市政基础设施规划存在的主要问题,把握市政基础设施规划编制转型要求,提出市政基础设施规划编制策略、理念、方法转型等建议,以期对新一轮大城市总体规划编制工作提供参考.     

中小城市交通管理规划研究

从城市道路交通管理规划的必要性出发,主要对我国中小城市交通规划管理的现状进行了分析,然后着重对我国中小城市交通管理规划的内容进行了探讨,以期进一步完善城市交通管理规划体系,促进城市发展。     

基于循环经济理念下的小城镇规划

对我国小城镇规划中存在的一些不可持续现象进行了分析,从规划理念、规模、定位方面进行了论述,提出运用循环经济理念指导小城镇规划的思路,探索出适宜小城镇发展的规划理念.     

三四线城市地下空间规划研究

开发城市地下空间已逐渐成为我国大城市的发展趋势,为了有效指导地下空间的开发建设,一些城市的地下空间规划编制工作也在逐步开展。目前国内三四线城市的地下空间开发利用起步相对较晚,尚缺乏规划基础。笔者基于对三四线城市地下空间开发利用的特点分析,探讨了此类城市在总体规划层面下地下空间规划的内容选择、规划思路及深度要求,并结合宜宾市地下空间开发利用专项规划,提供了资源评估、规模分析、总体布局、分区引导、重要节点规划等方面的具体实例,以期为国内三四线城市地下空间的规划编制和开发利用提供思路与借鉴。     

World War II and the growth of southern city planning: a gigantic force?

Many historians believe that war produces revolutionary or at least extraordinary change. That would seem to be true of some wars in a military sense and sometimes in a diplomatic sense. However, the picture of non-military change is not so clear for every society. Since World War II had such a great impact on American cities, the experience of cities seems like an ideal realm in which to test the degree of change. Since city planning is one of the premier modern urban professions, gauging the impact on city planning is a good place to begin. This article argues that southern city planning experienced only modest changes during the World War II. The war did create considerable growth in a few southern cities. However, the vast majority of them did not grow and usually declined. In the boom cities, the war created disorderly conditions, inimical to good city planning. On the other hand, the cities that declined made modest progress in planning, mainly in establishing amateur planning commissions and adopting zoning laws. These relatively tranquil cities laid the foundations for planning development, while the boom cities just tried to keep their heads above water. The dramatic changes that war caused to other aspects of historical experience did not touch southern city planning.