开关磁阻电机低速运行无位置传感器检测方法

针对开关磁阻电机低速运行方法中的传统脉冲注入法只利用非导通相电流信息,存在导通区间受限和续流影响估计精度的问题。本文对低速控制策略与无位置检测原理进行研究,提出了一种双电流斩波限PWM滞环控制的三相电流斜率差值无位置传感器检测方案。所提方案在导通区采用双斩波限PWM滞环控制,使导通区电流斩波次数增加,能够改善低速运行时的性能,并提高电流斜率差值的计算精度。与传统非导通相电流比较方法只利用非导通相信息相比,该方案增加了导通相电流计算。在计算导通相电流斜率差值后,与两非导通相形成三相电流斜率差值,从而估计电机的实时位置信息。以三相12/8结构的电机进行了相关仿真和实验验证,实验结果表明,该方案能够有效解决传统方法存在的导通区间固定和实时角度计算受续流影响的问题。     

A novel hysteresis band current controller scheme for three phase AC chopper

This paper presents the application of the hysteresis band current controller (HBCC) technique to the three phase pulse width modulation (PWM) AC chopper used for the purpose of controlling the magnitude of the sinusoidal currents and voltages applied to an AC load. If the HBCC technique used in the inverters is directly employed in the three phase PWM AC chopper, it causes the AC chopper to fail to provide balanced three phase sinusoidal currents for a three phase AC load. In return, this situation leads some unavoidable and serious faults to occur in the hardware of the three phase PWM AC chopper. In respect to this case, the detailed analysis expressing the related faults is presented. Consequently, for the first time, a novel HBCC technique overcoming these faults is proposed for the three phase PWM AC chopper. The proposed method is tested under various operating conditions and a very precise control performance is achieved. Simulation results prove the feasibility and validity of the proposed method.     

PWM逆变器相电流重构研究与误差分析

为了降低系统成本和体积,研究了脉宽调制(PWM)逆变器供电的电动机变频调速系统仅采用一个直流电流传感器获得交流相电流时存在的问题,通过修改逆变器开关状态的相电流重构方法满足了直流电流的采样要求,根据逆变器的开关状态实现了交流侧电动机相电流的重构.针对在该方法作用下重构相电流与实际相电流之间的误差,详细分析其产生的原因,...     

三相抛物线PWM电流控制解耦方法(方法I)

抛物线脉宽调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)电流控制方法具有与传统滞环控制相媲美的高精度、快速电流跟踪控制性能,并能保持开关频率基本恒定,可广泛用于各种电压型功率变换器。但是现有文献仅给出了单相抛物线PWM电流控制方案,并未涉及如何用于三相三线变换器。该文利用叠加原理,将三相三线系统等效为虚构的三相四线系统与虚构的零序系统之和,提出一种三相抛物线PWM电流控制解耦方法,该方法通过3个独立的单相抛物线PWM电流控制器对虚构的三相电流进行控制,间接实现三相三线变换器实际电流的高精度快速跟踪控制。仿真和实验结果验证了该解耦控制方法的可行性和有效性。     

三相电压型PWM整流器无电流传感器控制策略研究

三相电压型PWM整流器有间接电流控制和直接电流控制两种方式 ,两种控制方式各有优点。根据三相电压型PWM整流器的高频动态数学模型 ,提出了基于开关函数检测的无电流传感器控制策略。该控制策略兼有间接电流控制结构简单 ,成本低和直接电流控制动态响应速度快、限流容易、控制精度高等优点。实验结果验证了控制策略的可行性     

一种新型的大功率高性能逆变电源控制方案

分析了采用双极PWM方式的带电流内环的电压控制系统的特性，提出了一种新型的适用于大功率高性能逆变电源的控制方案。该方案将单相全桥逆变器的二重化同步 PWM技术与多环反馈控制方法结合起来，使逆变电源在开关频率不高及频波器参数不大的情况下，输出电压仍然是低谐波含量的高品质正弦波，同时系统具有优异的稳压特性、动态特性、对非线性负载的适应性以及小的电压调制量。该控制方案的有效性已经 在单相30KVA逆变电源实验样机上得到证实。     

一种新型PWM整流器间接电流控制策略及其有源阻尼方法

PWM整流器的控制策略可分为直接电流控制和间接电流控制,前者至少需要两个高精度的交流电流传感器,增加了系统的体积和成本。本文提出一种新型PWM整流器间接电流控制策略。该方法采用电流观测器获取电流反馈量,无需使用交流电流传感器。其电流环只包含有功电流反馈控制,对无功电流,则依据稳态电压平衡关系生成控制量,使其稳态时自然为零。对所提方法的电流响应进行深入分析,引入有源阻尼策略,使电流动态性能得到很大改善。仿真结果表明,本文提出的间接电流控制方法具有很好的稳态、动态性能。该方案成本低,性能高,且结构简单,是一种新颖的PWM整流器控制策略。     

多电平最优空间矢量PWM控制方法的研究

空间矢量PWM控制方法已在常规二电平板式逆变器广泛应用，而由于电平数增多，采用常规的空间矢量调制方法从数以百计千计的矢量中选取合适的矢量非常困难，因此多电平变流器的控制只用于电平数目较低如三电平、四电平或五电平。该文提供了一种新型的用于多电平变流器的多电平最优空间矢量PWM控制方案（MOSV PWM）。这种控制方法基于空间矢量PWM控制的思想，从三相参考电压得到8个待选空间矢量和参考电压矢量，然后选择与参考电压矢量最近的空间矢量。这种方法微机执行时间短且执行时间与电平数目无关，不受电平数目增加的影响，还可以与最优开关频率PWM法同时使用以提高调制系数。采用异步电动机调速系统对这一方法进行了验证。     

强磁场装置有源直流滤波器设计

对强磁场装置电源所需的有源直流滤波器ADF(Active DC Filter)进行了设计,利用脉宽调制(PWM)及并联有源滤波技术提出了新的滤波方案。给出了系统结构并对工作原理进行了说明,论述了该系统的设计方法。根据其实际负载特性,通过检测负载端电压,利用电流的PWM控制技术产生所需电流,通过对负载侧的滤波电容进行充、放电调整负载端电压,从而实现负载电流的低纹波。基于传递函数建立了该系统的数学模型,并对控制系统进行了详细的分析,分析表明该系统具有良好的快速跟踪性能及对谐波很好的抑制效果。最后,给出了仿真结果,验证了该有源滤波器的良好性能,尤其对低次谐波的抑制更为明显。     

三相电流型PWM整流器的功率因数控制方法

由于三相电流型PWM整流器需要在交流侧加入LC滤波电路,如果不加入任何功率因数控制,电源电流将超前电源电压。为了有效地控制系统的功率因数,本文提出了一种简单可靠的功率因数控制方法。该方法只需检测网侧电源电压和电源电流,不需要其他任何系统参数,因此具有很高的可靠性。不同于以往的基于静止三相abc坐标系的控制方法,本文将控制算法建立在以电源电压矢量定向的dq同步旋转坐标系上,这使得整个控制系统的实现更加简单。本文提出的功率因数控制算法能够自动调节系统,使其运行在可以达到的最大功率因数运行点。对比分析了采用和未采用功率因数控制时在不同直流侧电流下系统的功率因数特性,证明了该控制能有效提高系统的单位功率因数运行范围。通过仿真并进一步在一台5kVA样机上进行的试验,证明了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

Harmonic estimation using RLS algorithm and elimination with improved current control technique based SAPF in a distribution network

This paper presents the application of well known recursive least square (RLS) harmonic estimation technique and its elimination with improved current control technique based shunt active power filter (SAPF) in a distorted power network. The estimation of amplitude and phase angle of fundamental and harmonics is performed using RLS algorithm, known for their simplicity of computation, accuracy and good convergence properties. The estimates are updated recursively as samples of the harmonic signals are received. In order to eliminate harmonics produced by the nonlinear load connected in the distribution network, a three-phase SAPF with modified current control technique is employed. In this paper, based on the analysis and modeling of SAPF with closed-loop control, a feed forward compensation path of load current and a new pulse width modulation (PWM) control scheme is proposed to improve the dynamic performance of the SAPF. In this case the amplitude and phase angle of the converter AC voltage should be adjusted using PWM, thus producing either leading or lagging reactive power. Harmonic contented in the signal is estimated at the point of common coupling (PCC) with and without SAPF. The comparative results of amplitude and phase angle of fundamental and selected harmonics are determined considering installation of SAPF in the distribution network. The system is studied using MATLAB environment to justify the effectiveness of proposed control technique in comparison to the other techniques discussed in the recent literature.     

A control scheme for a three‐phase current source inverter in utility interactive photovoltaic system

A novel PWM control scheme for a three‐phase current source inverter of a photovoltaic (PV) generation system connected to a utility is proposed. The PV‐array output power can be adjusted by controlling the modulation factor in the proposed PWM pattern. The harmonic components of the output currents can be decreased sufficiently to satisfy the requirements of the Interactive Guidelines. Furthermore, a new Maximum Power Point Tracking control is proposed. The inverter output current should be detected, and the modulation factor may be controlled so as to obtain the maximum effective current. The inverter output power can be maintained at the maximum power point despite fluctuations of panel temperatures, insolation levels, and system voltages. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 135(1): 43–55, 2001     

A control method to realize sinusoidal input and output current waveforms for matrix converters based on PWM

A matrix converter (MC) is a three‐phase AC‐to‐AC direct converter without any energy storage requirement. It is expected to be a next‐generation converter by reason of possibilities of small size and high efficiency. At present, there are some problems preventing it from being used practically. One of the problems is the distortion in the input current. The control methods proposed so far have not realized sufficient reduction of the input current harmonics compared with conventional PWM rectifiers. As a solution to these problems, many approaches have been proposed. In the present paper, an improved PWM method that can achieve both sinusoidal input and output currents simultaneously is considered. In this method, the MC is treated as a controlled voltage source viewed from the load side. On the other hand, it is treated as a controlled current source viewed from the line side. The proposed control method is based on the mathematical expression of the function of the PWM operation of MC. To improve the input current waveform, two line‐to‐line voltages of the three‐phase line are used to control the output current. The output duty ratio of the two line‐to‐line voltages is utilized to improve the input current waveform without affecting the controllability of the output current. In addition, the compensation of the variations in the line voltage and the output current are introduced. In this way, the proposed method can realize the sinusoidal input and output currents. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is confirmed by some experimental results employing a laboratory prototype. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 161(1): 66–76, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20242     

Current Control for AC Motor Drives Using a Single DC-Link Current Sensor and Measurement Voltage Vectors

A new algorithm using a single dc-link current sensor to reconstruct all three inverter phase currents has been proposed that overcomes problems caused by the presence of regions in the voltage vector plane where the phase currents are not conveniently measurable. The measurement vector insertion method (MVIM) achieves this objective by applying additional active voltage vectors for brief intervals only when needed during each fundamental frequency cycle. This paper addresses techniques for incorporating the MVIM algorithm into a closed-loop current regulator designed to provide high-quality current control using a single dc-link current sensor. Virtual active resistance state feedback is introduced into the synchronous-frame current regulator in order to improve the controller's ability to reject disturbances caused by the MVIM measurement vectors. Experimental results are provided to confirm the attractive performance characteristics of the resulting current reconstruction and regulation using the MVIM algorithm     

基于DSP的电流型空间矢量PWM整流器

传统的电流型PWM整流器(CSR)一般采用三值逻辑SPWM调制技术,通过相间解耦预处理的方法获得实际PWM控制波形,过程复杂且直流电流利用率较低.本文基于矢量控制思想,充分挖掘DSP芯片二级中断功能,使得三值逻辑PWM控制波形的发生和控制方案的实现大为简化.文中建立了近似的电流型PWM整流器传递函数模型,为系统的综合提供了依据.实验结果验证了电流空间矢量整流器基本原理、PWM波形发生技术以及控制方案的正确性和可行性.     

检测电感电流预测电感电压的非线性处理方法

电力电子系统单一传感器测量技术是提高变换器集成度的一种全新技术，它通过单一传感器检测电感电流，能够有效地对变换器其他变量和参数进行辩识。该文在考虑电感非线性磁饱和现象条件下，提出一种电感电压的非线性预测方法，并据此设计了一种非线性补偿预测方案。该非线性补偿预测方案克服了由于电感饱和而带来的计算误差，能够提供更准确的预测结果，从而解决了由于电感的饱和非线性特性而带来的困难，并使单一传感器测量技术在电力电子系统的变量控制和参数监测等方面具有更大的实用范围。     

模型参考自适应无速度传感器技术在永磁直驱风力发电系统中应用

针对直驱风力发电系统(DDWPS)中测速码盘容易受到干扰的问题提出了一种模型参考自适应系统(MRAS)无速度传感器永磁同步发电机(PMSG)控制方案.选择PMSG本身作为参考模型,电机的电流模型为可调模型,可调模型中的电流和转速量为待估计参数,根据利用Popov超稳定理论得到的自适应律实时地调节可调模型中的电流值,使其与电机定子的实际电流矢量误差收敛于零,同时使可调模型中的转速逼近实际值.利用估计到的转速进行永磁直驱风力发电机的电流闭环矢量控制,电网侧采用PWM整流器的有源逆变工作方式实现直驱系统背靠背变流器的并网发电.给出了DDWPS背靠背变流器的详细控制框图.通过仿真和实验验证了基于MRAS的转速估计方法及DDWPS背靠背变流器控制方案的正确性和可行性.     

基于电流波形检测法的开关磁阻电动机无位置传感器控制

开关磁阻电动机(SRM)在采用电压PWM控制方式时,通常在定、转子齿极开始重叠位置处出现峰值电流。传统电流梯度法利用该峰值电流的前后电流微分值符号变反的特征,通过微分和过零检测电路得到转子位置,但存在检测电路参数设计繁琐,低速运行时不易获取正确的转子位置以及容错能力较差等缺点。为此,提出了一种基于电流波形检测的转子位置估算方法。该方法通过比较前后时刻电流大小,在该相关断时刻确定该相电流峰值及其对应的时间,并与前一相峰值电流对应时间共同计算确定后一相的关断时间。随后通过给定开通角,计算出开通角对应脉冲数,再通过比较当前计数值与该开通角对应的脉冲数,确定当前相或后一相的开通时间。该方法不仅保留了不依赖SRM参数的优点,而且无需微分、过零检测等外围电路,在低速运行时也能够得到正确的转子位置且具有较强的容错能力。通过基于该方法搭建的SRM无位置传感器控制系统的DSP驱动实验,证明了所提方法的可行性和有效性。     

三相PWM整流器主电路参数确定方法

为了实现PWM整流器的高效运行,保护良好的动态特性,主电路参数的确定较为关键,但目前现有的选取方法存在一定的盲目性。根据三相电压型PWM整流器主电路结构的数学模型,提出了满足稳态电路指标以及抑制谐波电流的电感值的计算方法,该方法兼顾了交流侧电感跟踪和滤波的两种特性;为满足直流电压跟踪效果以及确保控制系统的电压外环抗扰性能,结合系统瞬态过程的分析提出了直流侧电容选取的方法,从而解决了PWM整流器主电路参数选取的盲目性问题。通过仿真验证了电感值和直流电容参数确定方法的有效性。     

三相电流型PWM整流器的功率因数控制新策略

提出了三相电流型PWM整流器的一种新型实用的功率因数控制方法.该功率因数控制只需要检测电源电压和电源电流的相角,因此控制系统对系统参数不敏感.不同于传统的控制方法,将电源电压与电源电流的相角差通过PI调节器直接控制调制函数的相角;同时将直流侧电流误差通过另一个PI调节器直接控制调制函数的调制比,因此使得整个控制系统更加直观简单.更为重要的是,该功率因数控制算法能够使系统自动运行在其可以达到的最大功率因数点.该控制方法的有效性和可行性首先通过仿真进行了验证,并进一步在一个5 kV·A的试验样机上进行了验证.