高层建筑梁式转换层结构设计原理及其应用思考

针对高层建筑梁式转换层结构的设计原理、设计特点、设计原则展开讨论,分析了高层建筑梁式转换层结构设计要点,内容涉及结构抗震设计、结构布局设计、结构受力设计、转换梁截面设计、框支柱截面设计、转换层楼板设计、结构类型选择等,通过研究钢骨混凝土转换结构、预应力混凝土转换层的应用要点,其目的在于积累高层建筑梁式转换层结构设计经验,提升结构施工结果的稳固性。     

某框架结构钢结构加层设计

目前钢加层结构的设计和应用还不十分普遍,却是未来发展的趋势。通过某框架结构钢结构加层设计实例,对直接加层法的结构设计基本原则和设计流程进行了论述,介绍了钢加层结构的特点和连接的设计特点。钢加层结构设计中,新旧构件的连接是设计、施工的关键和难点,并列举了钢筋混凝土结构的连接、钢结构的连接、楼梯接层的连接做法。本文提出了建筑物直接加层设计和连接比较合理的方法,为钢结构加层设计提供参考。     

浅谈中化二建集团医院高层综合住院大楼建筑设计的几点思考

本文主要阐述高层综合住院大楼在功能方面的建筑设计思路,重点阐述二层血液透析及相应辅助房间设计、三层手术室及相应辅助房间设计、四层产科及产科病房设计、五层至十五层综合病房设计、护理单元的组成及细部设计以及重症监护单元(ICU)的设计理念,通过实践取得较好的效果。     

带转换层高层建筑结构的设计方式分析

文章结合建筑工程现状,对带转换层高层建筑结构的设计方式进行阐述。首先分析带转换层高层建筑结构的设计原则,其次从转换梁截面、转换层结构构件、转换大梁、转换层的抗震效果、托墙形式的转换梁截面几个方面深入说明并探讨带转换层高层建筑结构的设计方式,进一步提高带转换层高层建筑结构的设计效果和质量,旨意在为相关研究提供参考资料。     

带箱形转换层的高层建筑结构设计

通过带箱形转换层的高层建筑结构的设计实例,在分析计算的基础上对结构体系的选择、结构细部设计进行了论述,探讨了箱形转换层的顶、府板与一般楼板在设计上的差异,以及箱形转换层和普通梁式转换层对框支柱设计的不同影响,提出了高层建筑箱形,转换层的结构计算和设计建议,供类似设计参考。     

高层建筑箱形转换层结构设计探讨

通过工程实例的设计与分析 ,探讨了箱形转换层的顶、底板与一般楼板在设计上的差异 ,以及箱形转换层和普通梁式转换层对框支柱设计的不同影响 ,提出了高层建筑箱形转换层的结构计算和设计建议 ,供类似设计参考     

多层人防地下室设计

为了使多层人防地下室发挥其相应的效益,合理设计多层人防地下室极其重要。多层人防地下室设计主要包括地下室的口部、主题、防火以及平战转换设计。对此,这里结合设计多层人防地下室的经验,分析如何设计多层人防地下室,并对可能发生的问题进行探讨。     

原有建筑改造加层设计探讨

根据我国的房屋现状,论述了增层改造的必要性。针对增层改造的对象,提出了进行增层改造的可行性分析方法,阐述了增层改造设计中建筑、结构、地基基础的处理和增层改造房屋的抗震设计。     

种植屋面的设计及要求

从种植屋面荷载承重安全、防排水、抗风及生态性等方面阐述种植屋面的设计要以安全性为前提,生态型为基础,以艺术性为核心的理念.介绍了屋面结构层、找坡层、隔汽层、保温层、找平层、防水层、耐根穿刺层、蓄排水层、隔离层、过滤层、种植介质层及植被层的设计要点.     

撒布型应力吸收层技术性能的试验方法

为实现撒布型应力吸收层的技术性能评价和设计时沥青类型与设计参数的合理选择,对该吸收层技术性能的试验方法进行了研究.基于撒布型应力吸收层使用功能的要求,设计了评价其抗反射裂缝能力、抗剪性能和抗拉性能的试验方法,并以橡胶沥青应力吸收层和SBS改性沥青应力吸收层检验了所设计试验方法的适用性.结果表明：所设计的试验方法可操作性强、结果合理且规律性明显,从而为撒布型应力吸收层的技术性能评价及设计参数确定提供了一种途径.     

现代小区景观设计中需要注意的问题

随着经济发展水平的提高和人们对更高品质生活的追求,景观设计日益成为现代小区设计中不可缺少的要素之一。文章通过对现代小区设计中的理念框架、总体布局及组团设计、道路系统设计、绿化景观设计、小品设计等方面的强调。指出整体全面的设计考虑对创造一个尺度宜人、品质高尚的现代居住小区,具有十分重要的作用。     

Virtual environments for collaborative design: requirements and guidelines from a social action perspective

The paper is concerned with the design of virtual environments for collaborative design (VECD) – a particular class of collaborative virtual environments (CVEs) that focus on supporting design activities. VECD are becoming essential collaboration platforms for many designers and their clients, in a wide range of design domains including product, interior, architectural, automotive design, etc. However, the contemporary design considerations of VECD are mainly driven by systematic approaches that do not reflect upon knowledge regarding requirements that stem out of everyday collaborative design activities. A consequence is that they do not yield methodical guidance to designers of VECD applications. This paper takes a social action standpoint for the purposeful identification and organisation of collaborative design activities; proposes guidelines at multiple levels of abstraction for the design of VECD; and, finally, applies these to a case study development of a specific VECD for interior space design. The paper provides practical aids to designers of VECD so that they incorporate requirements about collaborative design early in the development lifecycle.     

Automatically Learning Preliminary Design Knowledge from Design Examples

Abstract: Acquisition of structural design knowledge for knowledge-based systems is difficult because humans acquire their design knowledge through years of experience, resulting in a diverse, unstructured and implicit body of knowledge. Research and development of knowledge bases for structural design have identified distinguishing characteristics of design knowledge. One approach to acquiring design knowledge using machine learning techniques is to transform design examples into a generalized representation of design knowledge. In this paper, we suggest the use of a dependency network as the generalized representation. A four-step learning process is presented: grouping design variables into skeletal concepts, learning default values and values ranges for each variable, deriving relationships among numerical valued variables, and learning patterns among nominal valued variables. The resulting representation provides a basis for producing an initial design given a set of design requirements.     

A Plan-Based Framework for Design: Methodologic Foundations

Abstract: This paper describes a plan-based framework that can be configured for design in different domains. The case for design by planning is argued by examining the requirements of an adequate framework for design and showing how the planning approach satisfies the requirements. Using the plan-based framework, the knowledge requirements of design, design transformations, multiagent design, learning, and creativity are explored. Multiagent design can be realized through delegated planning; and learning, through the chunking of successful design plans into summary plan operators. Routine design is shown to be equivalent to the reuse of stored design plans as summary plan operators; innovative design, to the combination and modification of previous plans; and creative design, to the automatic creation of new plan operators from domain axioms. An example of the conceptual/preliminary design of a light industrial building performed by a prototype plan-based system is described.     

某高层建筑结构设计及相关问题探讨

该文通过对某住宅楼的设计,选出合理的结构布置及计算参数,并对设计参数和设计指标进行了分析,提出针对几个设计参数的一些调整措施,使结构满足安全、经济的设计要求。     

谈超高层建筑给排水及消防设计

以一幢建筑高度超过200 m的青岛中南海湾新城项目建筑给排水及消防设计为例,介绍了超高层建筑生活给水设计,生活热水设计,消火栓系统设计,自动喷水灭火系统设计,以及排水和雨水系统设计,总结了超高层建筑给排水设计的经验,以指导实践。     

Applying design science approach to architectural design development

Unlike research methods for social and positivist sciences, those for architectural design lack a discipline-specific conceptual framework. Performative science aims at producing outcomes for future use and therefore needs a robust methodological approach that encompasses different techniques and methods supporting an evidence-based architectural design development. This study suggests that design science can be successfully applied to architectural design development and provides architects and designers with a powerful tool bridging the gap between research and design. In so doing, this study explores the application of design science to implement a user-centered design approach. A design challenge is reframed within the robust framework of design science by referring to a case study on refugee shelters. The traditional method by which shelter optimization is pursued by designers is questioned by involving the final users through an ethnographic approach within the framework of design science. The design outcome produced through this process is a list of specifications allowing designers to create different architectural solutions and matching the requirements expressed by future users. The authors argue that a user-centered design outcome can be achieved and validated through design science.     

基于城市公园的风景园林策划工作程序构建

随着风景园林学科对设计与研究内在关系的关注,以更科学地搜寻设计问题、更合理地制定设计任务书为目标的风景园林策划的研究非常必要,但目前风景园林策划存在方法程序指导性弱、实践案例少等研究空白。以深圳市4个城市公园为研究对象,通过案例研究法描述各城市公园案例的规划设计与建设过程,归纳出理论与实践结合的风景园林策划工作程序,由目标预设、实态调查与分析、概念与空间构想、目标论证、策划表达和后评估6个阶段构成。倡导在设计过程的开端,通过风景园林策划对城市公园的选址、类型、功能、规模和布局等设计要求及内容进行详细论证,以加强作为设计依据的设计任务书对方案设计与建设的准确指导,从而提升设计效率,保障设计效果。研究结果为城市公园的风景园林策划提供了一套清晰的可视化操作框架,提高风景园林实践中设计依据的科学性和合理性,完善风景园林设计的理论体系与方法体系。     

大尺度总体城市设计方法初探——以具有可实施性的“大庆市总体城市设计”为例

该文依据相关规划设计标准,借鉴各地成功的总体城市设计案例,综合应用传统设计理论、数字技术等手段研究大尺度总体城市设计方法。通过城市设计指标体系的构建、多层级的设计内容控制以及数字技术的应用,实现了艺术设计与科学分析的结合,并在大庆市总体城市设计实践中得到应用。应用实践表明,该方法能有效提高总体城市设计对城市形态和景观风貌的整体控制能力,并将设计成果快速地转化为管理语言,进而促进总体城市设计成果的实施。