Apparatus for slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

An apparatus for eight-channel gel electrophoresis on polyacrylamide slabs is described. It can be easily and cheaply constructed. The use of the buffer for cooling enables high voltage gradients to be applied giving good separation and resolution in under 2 h. A destaining apparatus, which does not use electrophoresis and is suitable for slab or “disc” gels, has been developed.     

A versatile and inexpensive apparatus for slab electrophoresis

An apparatus for vertical slab gel electrophoresis of proteins is described. Up to four slabs of variable thickness may be used in a single run for the analysis of as many as 80 samples if the apparatus is used for one-dimensional electrophoresis; alternatively, the slabs may be used for a second-dimension separation of proteins previously discriminated in tubular gels or slab gel strips. The apparatus is simple in design, easy to use, and inexpensive to construct.     

A Partitioned Slab Apparatus for One-Dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis in Multiphasic Buffer Systems under a Wide Range of Conditions

Abstract

An apparatus for one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in multiphasic buffer systems of multiple samples on a gel slab has been constructed. This apparatus is made of Pyrex, providing satisfactory wall adherence of polyacrylamide at any pH, 0 and 25°C. The apparatus provides permanent sample partitions and can, therefore, be used with mechanically labile, stacking gels. Temperature control for polymerization and electrophoresis is provided. Procedures and applications are described for use of the apparatus with uniform gel concentration or with pore gradient gels. A gradientmaker for the preparation of polyacrylamide pore gradient gels is described.     

Separation and Recovery of Proteins by Elution-Convection

Abstract

The design, construction, and operation of an apparatus for preparative electrophoresis is described. This apparatus employs high-resolution gel electrophoresis to separate protein components with subsequent electro-convection to effect their elution and concentration.     

鱼粉中组胺的纸电泳简易检测方法

鱼粉中的组胺用0.1 N HCl提取,提取液被吸到小滤纸片,滤纸片设定到电泳用滤纸上,1000 V电压电泳10 min后,通过干燥,发色,组胺就能从组氨酸等干扰物中分离出来。本方法能同时检测多个样品而且检测组胺的最低浓度值在10 mg/kg。     

Isoelectric Focusing of Proteins in Gel Media

Abstract

Separation of proteins according to their isoelectric point can be performed in a pH gradient formed by stationary electrolysis of carrier ampholytes. The pH gradient is stabilized by the use of polyacrylamide, agarose, and Sephadex gels. Separated proteins can be detected by fixation with trichloroacetic acid followed by nonspecific staining, by specific staining, or through immunodiffusion techniques. Isoelectric focusing of proteins in gel media can be carried out in gel columns or on thin-layer plates by using conventional electrophoresis apparatus. Electrofocusing can be followed by electrophoresis in gel media for more complete separation of components.

Multiple samples of microgram quantities can be analyzed simultaneously by simple and rapid procedures. These methods have both analytical and preparative applications in protein fractionation work.     

多通道流动电泳的计算流体力学模拟与实验研究(Ⅱ)流场模拟与设备放大研究

采用计算流体力学方法对多通道流动电泳中的流场分布进行了模拟,显示出焦耳热引起的自然对流导致腔室中出现沿电场方向上的溶液主体流动,由此影响到蛋白质的宏观迁移速率,这与实验现象是一致的.系统地考察了电泳分离过程中的自然对流作用及其影响因素,提出以蛋白质分离率作为参数来表征自然对流对电泳分离的影响.通过计算模拟了设备构型及缓冲溶液特性对分离度的影响.以此为基础确定了沿分离腔室长度进行设备放大的方案并进行了实验验证,理论预期与实验结果一致.     

鼠肝高尔基体双向凝胶电泳的建立

目的分离纯化鼠肝高尔基体,初步建立一套相对完善、分辨率和重复性均较高的高尔基体双向凝胶电泳技术。方法应用蔗糖密度梯度超离心法分离纯化高尔基体,通过电镜观察和标志酶分析鉴定其形态及纯度,双向凝胶电泳分离高尔基体蛋白质,用PDQuest8.0软件分析电泳图谱。结果电镜观察显示大部分为高尔基体,纯化高尔基体标志酶TPP酶比活力提高了120倍,得到了分辨率和重复性均较好的双向凝胶电泳图谱。结论已成功建立了鼠肝高尔基体双向凝胶电泳技术。     

Degradation of C.I. Disperse Blue 56 by Ultraviolet Radiation/Sodium Hypochlorite

In order to investigate the efficiency of photooxidation of anthraquinone dyes by ultraviolet radiation (UV)/sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), C.I. Disperse Blue 56, one of the anthraquinone dyes, was selected to be degraded in the experiment. Degradation processes were studied by ultraviolet- visible (UV-Vis) spectrometer, chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis apparatus, high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) apparatus, conductivity meter, pH meter and ion chromatography (IC) apparatus. The results showed that UV/NaClO can degrade C.I. Disperse Blue 56 efficiently and UV irradiation played an important role. Considering the economy, this method could be broadly extended in the treatment of dyeing wastewater.     

轿车行李盖备件PVC涂胶器具的改进

就目前汽车制造业内备件制造过程中难以涂胶或涂胶困难的问题,根据目前生产线工艺线体所需,设计开发了一种新的PVC涂胶器具,此器具兼具电泳及涂胶一体,无需捆绑铁丝,无需将备件装在报废车身过PVC线涂胶等复杂操作,这将大幅提升备件的生产效率及过程质量的控制,降低员工的劳动强度,就此对此器具做简要介绍。     

Bioassay apparatus for rodent olfactory preferences under laboratory and field conditions

A bioassay apparatus is described which automatically registers frequency and the total time that rodents investigate sample odors. The apparatus provides free access for wild rodents, and its rugged weatherproof construction allows outdoor use for extended time periods. The photocell light source is covered by an infrared filter and it can be operated continuously or for preset time intervals. When the apparatus was utilized for rat sex attractant research, many of the odorants preferred by tame laboratory rats were also attractive to wild rodents under field conditions.     

A New Approach to Counteracting Chromatographic Electrophoresis

ABSTRACT

A newly designed apparatus, the J-column, was used to implement the concept of counteracting chromatographic electrophoresis (CACE). The process of separation and focusing was visualized by a model mixture of hemoglobin and ferritin. According to isoelectric focusing analysis, hemoglobin can be purified from the hemolysate mixture by CACE on a J-column.     

Le pulv'erimètre à laser

This paper describes an apparatus for the measurement of the dust content in gases. This apparatus is based on the backscattering of laser light. The laser beam is directed towards the dust-charged atmosphere and is reflected by the particles in the direction of the apparatus. The reflected fraction of the incident light allows the concentration of the particles to be calculated. By the use of laser light, the device can work by daylight and the measurement can be made over very long distances. The device is already used in the cement industry for the measurement of cement dust concentration in the exhaust gases of cement kilns. The range of the device is 20 mg/Nm³ to grams/Nm³. This article decribes the theoretical basis of the apparatus and a theoretical explanation of the results obtained.     

用挤出滚圆法制造球形微丸微粒的基本方法和设备

由于球粒在造粒中有着优越的性能，开发用工业方法制备大小均一、圆球度好、表面光洁的球粒造粒方法有着巨大的应用前景。医药工业缓释、控释制剂的发展更迫切需要开发大规模制造球粒的方法和设备。本文介绍了用挤出滚圆方法制造球形微丸微粒的方法和设备。最新开发、研制的专利产品－球形微丸造粒机能够以工业规模批量制造球粒微丸。球粒造粒容易、效率高。本设备不但可以为医药缓释、控释制剂新品种的开发提供装备，也可为食品、化     

Small scale flame-spread testing to BS 476 part 7

An apparatus based on the BS 476 Part 7 small scale flame-spread specification, which has evolved over a number of years, is described. Many changes from the original simple gas/air furnace have been introduced, which have led to the development of a very useful flame-spread test apparatus where all known variables are precisely controlled. The work has shown that the radiometers described in the standard do not monitor all the variables which affect flame-spread results, and reported problems of reproducibility and variation on the large scale test, may be due to inadequate control of the furnace. The significance of the results is that the use of gas/air radian panels as the basis for flame-spread tests needs to be re-examined. All parameters should be carefully controlled and the entire procedure, particularly regarding the use of pilot ignition sources, needs to be reconsidered. There is an increasing need for test methods which assess materials at radiation intensities beyond that given by small ignition sources. The type of flame-spread apparatus described in the paper may help fulfil this important requirement.     

METAL POROSIMETER FOR DETERMINING THE PORE VOLUME OF HIGHLY VITRIFIED WARE1

A metal porosimeter of the McLeod-Gage type has been developed for use in determining the porosity of highly vitrified ware. The glass capillary is welded directly on to the 20% chrome-steel metal cap. The metal construction gives a rugged apparatus that can be safely handled for routine work. It is as sensitive as the similar glass apparatus of Washburn and Bunting, but is not structurally delicate. A photograph and drawing with details are included. The suggestion is made that the results obtained by these types of apparatus be expressed as “per cent pore volume,” and that the results obtained by water soaking be specifically named “per cent water absorption” to distinguish between them. Results are given to show that for fairly vitrified ware, the water boiling method gives much lower porosity than the method using air as the fluid.     

The theory of the practice of steam deodorization of saponifiable oils

Summary The pressure of steam entering the deodorizer is approximately half the pressure of the steam supply. The relative dimension of the apparatus and form of the outlet may be calculated from the equation given in the paper. To shorten the time of deodorization the most important factors are low pressure in the deodorizer and high temperature of the oil. In the application of the counter current principle which amounts to the same thing as continuous deodorization the apparatus used is a tower in which the air is admitted at the top and the steam at the bottom. The whole apparatus is maintained under reduced pressure and the oil is withdrawn from the apparatus in a finished condition, while the odoriferous matter is carried over with the steam into a condenser at the top of the apparatus. The advantages which may be claimed are short time of contact with the steam and economy in the use of steam.     

Influence d'une agitation rotative sur le fonctionnement d'une colonne pulsée d'extraction

The authors propose the use of a new-type extractor involving both pulsation and rotation stirring. After a study of the apparatus hydrodynamic conditions, a comparison is made between its performance and that of more conventional continuous counterflow operating apparatus. Using two ternary mixtures, it is shown that the new apparatus performance is better than that of a pulse column or of a revolving-disk column; the heights of the transfer units are reduced by a factor which may be as high as 2.     

连续逆向色谱电泳过程

连续CACE过程借助流场和逆向电场的共同作用,使目标蛋白质在分离柱富集区内连续富集。本文提出了连续CACE分离柱内浓度分布微分方程和定解条件,并对方程进行了求解。解决了富集区内目标蛋白质浓度的在线检测,用牛血红蛋白和细胞色素C在两套连续CACE装置上进行实验研究,取得了预期效果。     

多通道流动电泳的计算流体力学模拟与实验研究（Ⅰ）离子分布模型

多通道流动电泳（MFE）是一种制备型流动电泳技术,采用计算流体力学方法描述MFE设备中的流体流动特性,以指导分离过程和分离设备设计.基于MFE分离过程中离子迁移方程、电解质解离方程和电中性方程建立描述各腔室pH值及离子分布的模型,并通过实验进行了验证.为后续计算流体力学模拟各腔室流场分布提供了基础.